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设计合成了1-乙酰基-3-(2-羟基-4,6-二甲氧基苯基)-5-苯基-2-吡唑啉(4), 测试了其紫外光谱和荧光光谱, 研究了其对锌离子的选择性识别作用. 结果表明, 化合物4作为锌离子荧光探针, 受常见离子的干扰较小, 对于锌离子有着较高的选择性和较低的检出限. 相似文献
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高复发性和高死亡率的乳腺癌是女性中最常见的恶性肿瘤,对其预防和治疗已成为当前全球公共卫生领域的一大研究热点。依西美坦是一种不可逆的甾体芳香化酶失活剂,主要用于雌激素拮抗剂治疗失败的绝经后晚期乳腺癌患者,可显著抑制芳香化酶和血浆雌激素水平且无雌激素抑制剂常见的副作用。本文总结了依西美坦的合成方法,对其活性和研究现状进行了综述,希望对其合成优化和应用具有参考意义。 相似文献
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由于共轭聚合物的光致发光和电致发光性能,有望成为制造全塑性发光二极管的材料,因此近年来已引起人们的研究兴趣[1].聚乙炔是一种典型的共轭聚合物,其不稳定性和难加工性限制了它的应用.而含联苯液晶基元的取代聚乙炔,不仅其难加工性得到了改善,提高了稳定性,而且赋予了聚合物液晶性,因此有望开发出一批新型的高性能材料[2].目前对这类新型取代乙炔聚合物及其单体的凝聚态结构的报道还较少.本文通过WAXD,TEM和AFM等手段对小分子液晶5-[4′-正庚基-氧-联苯基-4-氧-羰基]基-1-正戊炔(A3E′O7)的晶体结构进行了研究.1实验部分1.1样品及… 相似文献
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由于共轭聚合物的光致发光和电致发光性能, 有望成为制造全塑性发光二极管的材料, 因此近年来已引起人们的研究兴趣[1]. 聚乙炔是一种典型的共轭聚合物, 其不稳定性和难加工性限制了它的应用. 而含联苯液晶基元的取代聚乙炔, 不仅其难加工性得到了改善, 提高了稳定性, 而且赋予了聚合物液晶性, 因此有望开发出一批新型的高性能材料[2]. 目前对这类新型取代乙炔聚合物及其单体的凝聚态结构的报道还较少. 本文通过WAXD, TEM和AFM等手段对小分子液晶5-[4′-正庚基-氧-联苯基-4-氧-羰基]基-1-正戊炔(A3E′O7)的晶体结构进行了研究. 相似文献
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设计合成了6个1-乙酰基-3-(2-羟基-4,6二甲氧基苯基)-5-芳基-2-吡唑啉化合物4a~4f.测试了它们的紫外光谱和荧光光谱,研究了其对铜离子的选择性识别作用.结果表明,化合物4f作为铜离子荧光探针,受常见离子干扰较小,对于铜离子有着较高的选择性和较低的检出限. 相似文献
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白喉毒素活性中心的量子化学计算与149位突变体的酶学动力学 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过量子化学计算确定白喉毒素分子催化区活性中心的关键氨基酸残基, 评价其取代后的酶活性的改变, 为导向性抗癌药物研究提供高效杀伤细胞工具. 结合目前关于白喉毒素结构与功能的研究状况和量子化学计算结果, 将白喉毒素催化区的第149位酪氨酸突变为苯丙氨酸, 对其酶活性和与底物的结合能力进行评价. Y149位酪氨酸位于正电中心, 起受电子作用, 与野生白喉毒素相比, 苯丙氨酸突变体的酶催化活性增加约一倍, 而与底物结合能力没有变化. Y149是酶活性中心的关键氨基酸残基, 对其取代能够影响蛋白质的生物活性. 相似文献
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Zhengzhong Lin Dan Wang Aihong Peng Zhiyong Huang Yuhui Lin 《Journal of separation science》2016,39(16):3254-3259
A selective sample cleanup method using molecularly imprinted polymers was developed for the separation of domoic acid (a shellfish toxin) from shellfish samples. The molecularly imprinted polymers for domoic acid was prepared by emulsion polymerization using 1,3,5‐pentanetricarboxylic acid as the template molecule, 4‐vinyl pyridine as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the crosslinker, and Span80/Tween‐80 (1:1 v/v) as the composite emulsifiers. The molecularly imprinted polymer showed high affinity to domoic acid with a dissociation constant of 13.5 μg/mL and apparent maximum adsorption capacity of 1249 μg/g. They were used as a selective sorbent for the detection of domoic acid from seafood samples coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography. The detection limit of 0.17 μg/g was lower than the maximum level permitted by several authorities. The mean recoveries of domoic acid from clam samples were 93.0–98.7%. It was demonstrated that the proposed method could be applied to the determination of domoic acid from shellfish samples. 相似文献
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Development of a method for the identification of azaspiracid in shellfish by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Draisci R Palleschi L Ferretti E Furey A James KJ Satake M Yasumoto T 《Journal of chromatography. A》2000,871(1-2):13-21
Azaspiracid is the main toxin responsible for a number of recent human intoxications in Europe resulting from shellfish consumption. The first micro liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (micro-LC-MS-MS) method was developed for the determination of this novel shellfish poisoning toxin in mussels. The analyte was extracted from whole mussel meat with acetone and chromatographed on a C18 reversed-phase column (1.0 mm I.D.) by isocratic elution at 30 microl/min with acetonitrile-water (85:15, v/v), containing 0.03% trifluoroacetic acid. The toxin was ionised in an ionspray interface operating in the positive ion mode, where only the intact protonated molecule, [M+H]+, was generated at m/z 842. This served as precursor ion for collision-induced dissociation and three product ions, [M+H-nH2O]- with n=1-3, were identified for the unambiguous toxin confirmation by selected reaction monitoring LC-MS-MS analysis. A detection limit of 20 pg, based on a 3:1 signal-to-noise ratio, was achieved for the analyte. This LC-MS-MS method was successfully applied to determine azaspiracid in toxic cultivated shellfish from two regions of Ireland. 相似文献
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Katrin Brner Per Malmberg Jan-Eric Mnsson Hkan Nygren 《International journal of mass spectrometry》2007,260(2-3):128
The distribution pattern of lipid species in biological tissues was analyzed with imaging mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS; time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry). The first application shows distribution of a glycosphingolipid, the galactosylceramide-sulfate (sulfatide) with different hydrocarbon chain lengths and the fatty acids palmitate and oleate in rat cerebellum. Sulfatides were seen localized in regions suggested as paranodal areas of rat cerebellar white matter as well as in the granular layer, with highest concentrations at the borders of the white matter. Different distribution patterns could be shown for the fatty acid C16:0 palmitate and C18:1 oleate in rat cerebellum, which seem to origin partly from the hydrocarbon chains of phosphatidylcholine. Results were shown for two different tissue preparation methods, which were plunge-freezing and cryostat sectioning as well as high-pressure freezing, freeze-fracturing and freeze-drying.The second application shows TOF-SIMS analysis on a biological trial of choleratoxin treatment in mouse intestine. The effect of cholera toxin on lipids in the intestinal epithelium was shown by comparing control and cholera toxin treated mouse intestine samples. A significant increase of the cholesterol concentration was seen after treatment. Cholesterol was mainly localized to the brush border of enterocytes of the intestinal villi, which could be explained by the presence of cholesterol-rich lipid rafts present on the microvilli or by relations to cholesterol uptake. After cholera toxin exposure, cholesterol was seen increased in the nuclei of enterocytes and apparently in the interstitium of the villi.We find that imaging TOF-SIMS is a powerful tool for studies of lipid distributions in cells and tissues, enabling the elucidation of their role in cell function and biology. 相似文献
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Domoic acid was the primary neurotoxin in blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) that caused poisoning in humans. Further research showed that the algae, Nitzschia pungens, was the source of this toxin. In this study, a method for the extraction and purification of domoic acid from contaminated mussels and phytoplankton was developed. Domoic acid was extracted from these sources by treatment with a mixture of chloroform and methanol (1:2, v/v). The resulting extract was subjected to ultrafiltration through a PM1 Millipore filter, followed by repeated high-performance liquid chromatography on a reversed-phase column. The purity and yield of domoic acid prepared by this method are compared with two previously described methods of extraction. The current method is relatively simple, rapid, and results in improved recovery with comparable purity of domoic acid. 相似文献
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Determination of trichothecenes in cereals by gas chromatography with ion trap detection 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary A method for determination of the trichothecene toxins, deoxynivalenol, 3α-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, T-2 toxin, HT-2
toxin and diacetoxyscirpenol in cereals (wheat, barley, oats, corn) is described. Extraction was performed according to Tanaka
et al. (J. Chromatogr.328, 271 (1985)) [33], derivatization by trifluoroacylation with trifluoroacetic acid anhydride. For quantitation and confirmation
a capillary gas chromatograph combined with a selective mass detector (ion trap) working in CI-mode with methanol as reagent
gas was used. The quantitation limit for the complete method is 1–5 μg/kg, depending on the chemical characteristics of each
toxin and cleanness of the extracts. Recoverics from spiked cereals were 78–89%. 相似文献
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Bernardi A Potenza D Capelli AM García-Herrero A Cañada FJ Jiménez-Barbero J 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2002,8(20):4598-4612
As a step to delineate a strategy of ligand design for cholera toxin (CT), NMR studies were performed on several mimics of the GM1 ganglioside oligosaccharide. The conformation of these analogues was investigated first in solution and then upon binding to cholera toxin by transferred nuclear Overhauser effect (TR-NOE) measurements. It was demonstrated that CT selects a conformation similar to the global minima of the free saccharides from the ensemble of presented conformations. No evidence of major conformational distortions was obtained, but one or two of the available conformers of the hydroxyacid side chain appear to be selected in the bound state. The NMR data were interpreted with the aid of computer models, generated and analyzed by using a combination of different approaches (MacroModels' MC/EM and MC/SD, Autodock, and GRID). Analysis of the NMR data supported by computational studies allowed us to interpret the experimental observations and to derive workable models of the ligand:toxin complexes. These models suggest that the higher affinity of the (R)-lactic acid derivative 3 may stem from lipophilic interactions with a hydrophobic area in the toxin binding site located in the vicinity of the sialic acid side chain binding region of the CT:GM1 complex, and formed by the side chain of Ile-58 and Lys-34. Thus, the models obtained have allowed us to make useful design suggestions for the improvement of ligand affinity. 相似文献
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Bernardi A Arosio D Potenza D Sánchez-Medina I Mari S Cañada FJ Jiménez-Barbero J 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2004,10(18):4395-4406
The design and synthesis of two GM1 glycomimetics, 6 and 7, and analysis of their conformation in the free state and when complexed to cholera toxin is described. These compounds, which include an (R)-cyclohexyllactic acid and an (R)-phenyllactic acid fragment, respectively, display significant affinity for cholera toxin. A detailed NMR spectroscopy study of the toxin/glycomimetic complexes, assisted by molecular modeling techniques, has allowed their interactions with the toxin to be explained at the atomic level. It is shown that intramolecular van der Waals and CH-pi carbohydrate-aromatic interactions define the conformational properties of 7, which adopts a three-dimensional structure significantly preorganized for proper interaction with the toxin. The exploitation of this kind of sugar-aromatic interaction, which is very well described in the context of carbohydrate/protein complexes, may open new avenues for the rational design of sugar mimics. 相似文献
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McCarron P Emteborg H Nulty C Rundberget T Loader JI Teipel K Miles CO Quilliam MA Hess P 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2011,400(3):821-833
The development of multi-analyte methods for lipophilic shellfish toxins based on liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
permits rapid screening and analysis of samples for a wide variety of toxins in a single run. Validated methods and appropriate
certified reference materials (CRMs) are required to ensure accuracy of results. CRMs are essential for accurate instrument
calibration, for assessing the complete analytical method from sample extraction to data analysis and for verifying trueness.
However, CRMs have hitherto only been available for single toxin groups. Production of a CRM containing six major toxin groups
was achieved through an international collaboration. Preparation of this material, CRM-FDMT1, drew on information from earlier
studies as well as improved methods for isolation of toxins, handling bulk tissues and production of reference materials.
Previous investigations of stabilisation techniques indicated freeze-drying to be a suitable procedure for preparation of
shellfish toxin reference materials and applicable to a wide range of toxins. CRM-FDMT1 was initially prepared as a bulk wet
tissue homogenate containing domoic acid, okadaic acid, dinophysistoxins, azaspiracids, pectenotoxin-2, yessotoxin and 13-desmethylspirolide
C. The homogenate was then freeze-dried, milled and bottled in aliquots suitable for distribution and analysis. The moisture
content and particle size distribution were measured, and determined to be appropriate. A preliminary toxin analysis of the
final material showed a comprehensive toxin profile. 相似文献
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In this work, a highly selective sample cleanup procedure that combining molecular imprinting technique (MIT) and solid phase extraction (SPE) was developed for the isolation of domoic acid (a fascinating marine toxin) from seafood samples. The molecular imprinting polymer (MIP) for domoic acid was prepared using 1,3,5-pentanetricarboxylic acid as the template molecule instead of domoic acid. 4-Vinyl pyridine was used as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate was used as the cross-linking monomer. The obtained imprinted polymer showed high affinity to domoic acid and was used as selective sorbent for the SPE of domoic acid from seafood samples. An off-line molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) method followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode-array detection for the detection of domoic acid was also established. Good linearity was obtained from 0.5 mg L−1 to 25 mg L−1 (R2 > 0.99) with a quantitation limit of 0.1 mg L−1, which was sufficient to determine domoic acid at the maximum level permitted by several authorities. The mean recoveries of domoic acid from mussel extracts were 93.4-96.7%. It was demonstrated that the proposed MISPE-HPLC method could be applied to direct determination of domoic acid from seafood samples. 相似文献