气相色谱-质谱法测定猪肉中盐酸克伦特罗残留量

按NY/T 468-2006所述方法在碱性条件下,用乙酸乙酯提取和用盐酸溶液反萃取制得含有盐酸克伦特罗的试样溶液,调节溶液的酸度至pH 4.5后,经SCX固相萃取柱净化。在经净化后的试液中加入1.6mg·L-1美托洛尔溶液40μL作为内标。将溶液置于60℃水浴中吹氮蒸干,加入甲苯200μL和BSTFA衍生试剂100μL,于80℃烘箱中衍生1h。冷却后再加甲苯200μL,经DB-5MS毛细管柱分离,在SIM模式下进行MS测定,选择监测离子为m/z86(定量离子)和m/z262,243,187(定性离子)。内标法定量。盐酸克伦特罗的线性范围为16~512μg·L-1,其检出限(3S/N)为1.0μg·kg-1。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,测得回收率在79.7%~86.6%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在4.8%~6.7%之间。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定肝脏组织中盐酸克伦特罗和盐酸莱克多巴胺

建立了同时测定动物肝组织中盐酸克伦特罗和盐酸莱克多巴胺残留量的固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱分析方法。动物肝组织样品在碱化的条件下用乙酸乙酯和异丙醇混合溶剂提取,提取液浓缩后用乙酸乙酯溶解,然后再用稀盐酸反萃取去除脂肪,调pH值后经SCX固相萃取(SPE)柱净化,洗脱液经氮气吹干后经双三甲基硅基三氟乙酰氨(BSTFA)衍生,采用选择离子模式(盐酸克伦特罗:86、212、262、277,盐酸莱克多巴胺:163、192、234、250)进行测定,外标法定量。盐酸克伦特罗和盐酸莱克多巴胺的检出限分别为0.30和1.00μg/kg。盐酸克伦特罗添加浓度在1.0~5.0μg/kg范围内,添加回收率为77.4%~88.3%;相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.1%~5.1%;盐酸莱克多巴胺添加浓度在4.0~20.0μg/kg,添加回收率为69.8%~82.1%;相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.5%~4.9%;衍生物的峰面积与被测物浓度分别在0.003~1.00 mg/L和0.012~4.00 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归系数均大于0.999。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水产品中四环素类抗生素及盐酸克伦特罗药物残留量

建立了水产品中四环素类抗生素和盐酸克伦特罗药物残留量同时测定的高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法。样品选择NH4Ac缓冲液提取,用正己烷脱脂,PCX固相萃取柱净化,采用HPLC-MS/MS选择反应监测正离子模式测定进行定性、定量分析。四环素类抗生素和盐酸克伦特罗药物的检出限为0.25μg/kg,定量限为0.5μg/kg,RSD为1.9%~12%(n=6),加标回收率达到64.3%~100.6%。该方法在水产品中四环素类抗生素和盐酸克伦特罗的残留测定中具有很好的应用前景。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定尿液中7种有机磷酸酯代谢物

利用液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱(LC-MS/MS)联用技术,建立了人尿液中7种有机磷酸酯代谢产物-有机磷酸二酯的检测方法.针对不同理化性质的有机磷酸二酯,采用固相萃取技术进行富集净化,筛选出高效的固相萃取柱,并对其洗脱条件进行优化;同时,对流动相和质谱参数进行优化,获取用于各代谢产物定性与定量分析的特征离子对.研究结果表明,前处理采用Oasis WAX固相萃取柱富集、2 mL含5%氨水的甲醇和2 mL甲醇洗脱目标物,除磷酸二乙酯(DEP,17.8%~36.2%)外,其余目标化合物回收率均在60.5%~104.0%之间.在优化的液相色谱条件下,7种化合物可达到完全基线分离.7种有机磷酸二酯的检测限和定量限分别在0.005~0.2μg/L和0.02~0.5μg/L之间,日内和日间精密度结果(RSD≤15.4%)表明,本方法具有较好的稳定性和重现性.本方法用于普通人群尿液中有机磷酸二酯的检测,7种化合物在尿液中均有检出,总浓度在0.5~6.7μg/L之间.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定加工肉制品中莱克多巴胺及克伦特罗的含量

建立了高效液相色谱串联质谱测定加工肉制品中莱克多巴胺和克伦特罗的方法。采用阳离子交换色谱柱(SCX)分离目标化合物,改进了前处理方法,采用PXC固相萃取柱净化,并对洗脱溶液和高效液相色谱串联质谱的各参数进行优化。高效液相色谱流动相流速为0.4 mL/min,进样量为10μL,柱温为40℃。样品均质后加入30μLβ-盐酸葡萄糖醛苷酶-芳基硫酸酯酶,并经0.02 mol/L乙酸铵溶液(pH 5.2)提取,离心,过固相萃取柱净化。两种目标化合物在0.1～100μg/L范围内线性关系良好,检出限和定量下限分别不超过0.04μg/kg和0.15μg/kg。样品平均加标回收率为72%～98%,RSD低于8.5%。结果表明,此方法适于加工肉制品中莱克多巴胺和克伦特罗的测定。     

分子印迹固相萃取-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定猪肉中磺胺二甲氧嗪EI北大核心CSCD

建立了基于分子印迹聚合物(MIPs)为固相萃取填料的固相萃取技术结合超高效液相色谱串联质谱法(MISPE-UPLC-MS/MS)检测猪肉中磺胺二甲氧嗪。以磺胺二甲氧嗪为模板分子,三氟甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,采用沉淀聚合法制备了分子印迹固相萃取填料,并对萃取净化条件进行了优化。在优化的提取条件和分析条件下,对猪肉肌肉样品中磺胺二甲氧嗪进行分析,其检出限为1.225μg/kg;定量限为4.083μg/kg;双水平回收率在81.4%~106.9%;RSD为3.7%和12%。与M CX柱净化相比,分子印迹固相萃取柱能够有效去除基质效应,分离待测物与杂质。     

同位素稀释结合固相萃取快速测定动物组织中β2-兴奋剂

本文采用同位素稀释结合固相萃取技术,测定动物组织中特布他林、克伦特罗、沙丁胺醇、莱克多巴胺4种β2-兴奋剂。动物组织加同位素内标D3-沙丁胺醇和D9-克伦特罗,经甲醇提取后,正己烷脱脂,过SLS离子交换固相萃取柱净化,用BSTFA 1%(φ)TMCS衍生,采用GC/MS进行测定,内标法定量。实验表明,动物组织中添加2.0~10.0μg/kg浓度水平的β2-兴奋剂,方法回收率在72.5%~97.9%,相对标准偏差1.0%~11.4%,线性范围为12.5~500μg/L,样品中特布他林、克伦特罗、沙丁胺醇、莱克多巴胺最低检出限分别为0.5μg/kg、1.0μg/kg、0.5μg/kg和1.0μg/kg。     

分子印迹固相萃取-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定猪肉中磺胺二甲氧嗪

建立了基于分子印迹聚合物(MIPs)为固相萃取填料的固相萃取技术结合超高效液相色谱串联质谱法(MISPE-UPLC-MS/MS)检测猪肉中磺胺二甲氧嗪。以磺胺二甲氧嗪为模板分子,三氟甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,采用沉淀聚合法制备了分子印迹固相萃取填料,并对萃取净化条件进行了优化。在优化的提取条件和分析条件下,对猪肉肌肉样品中磺胺二甲氧嗪进行分析,其检出限为1.225μg/kg;定量限为4.083μg/kg;双水平回收率在81.4%~106.9%;RSD为3.7%和12%。与M CX柱净化相比,分子印迹固相萃取柱能够有效去除基质效应,分离待测物与杂质。     

基质校正固相萃取液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食用菌中22种农药残留

选择氨基柱为固相萃取净化柱,以电喷雾(ESI)为离子源,正负离子切换多级反应离子检测(MRM)方式,建立了基质校正固相萃取液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)测定食用菌中22种农药残留的分析方法。研究了不同固相萃取柱和洗脱剂对农药保留行为的影响,优化了净化方法、色谱分离条件和质谱条件。研究了平菇、香菇、杏鲍菇和蟹味菇的基质效应。22种农药在0.05～100μg/L(或0.1～200μg/L)范围内线性相关,相关系数为0.9874～0.9997,方法定量限为0.031～1.76μg/kg。除甲基硫菌灵和克螨特外,20种农药在4种食用菌中3个添加浓度的回收率在54.6%～128.0%,RSD为0.3%～29.0%之间,方法灵敏度高,选择性强。     

顶空固相微萃取-气质联用法检测尿液中的曲马多

建立尿液中曲马多的顶空固相微萃取气相色谱质谱联用(HS-SPME-GC/MS)分析方法。利用响应面法对顶空固相微萃取的条件进行优化,在优化的条件下,采用SKF为内标,在选择离子模式下,选取m/z 58(曲马多)和m/z 86(SKF)为定量离子,利用GC/MS对尿液中的曲马多进行定量分析。工作曲线线性范围超过0.05~1.0μg/mL(r2=0.9962)。检测限为0.011μg/mL(S/N=3),定量限为0.038μg/mL(S/N=10),用0.1μg/mL和0.75μg/mL曲马多标准液计算回收率分别在100.20%~109.65%和98.43%~103.82%之间,RSD为5.32%和9.13%(n=5)。建立的方法适用于尿液中曲马多。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.