微流控纸芯片的加工及其分析应用的实验设计*

设计了一个使用喷墨打印法加工微流控纸芯片的实验,在经烷基烯酮二聚体(AKD)的正己烷溶液浸泡过的滤纸上,以三乙醇胺溶液为打印墨水,用喷墨打印机打印出设计好的芯片图案。滤纸加热后,打印区域呈现亲水性,非打印区域为疏水性,从而制备出纸芯片,用该纸芯片通过数字比色法实现了亚硝酸根离子的定量测定。该实验不使用昂贵仪器设备,易普及。通过实验,促使学生了解微流控芯片这一前沿科学技术,锻炼学生细致、灵巧的动手能力,激发学生科技创新活力。     

Hierarchical motion planning at the acceleration level based on task priority matrix for space robot

Nonlinear Dynamics - A capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) due to many benefits is being considered as an imaging and therapeutic technology recently. The critical challenge is to...     

A multigrid method for the ground state solution of Bose–Einstein condensates based on Newton iteration

BIT Numerical Mathematics - In this paper, a new kind of multigrid method is proposed for the ground state solution of Bose–Einstein condensates based on Newton iteration scheme. Instead of...     

Numerical Investigation of Thermally Developing Non-Darcy Forced Convection in a Porous Circular Duct with Asymmetric Entrance Temperature Under LTNE Condition

Transport in Porous Media - This paper numerically investigates the heat transfer performance of thermally developing non-Darcy forced convection in a fluid-saturated porous medium tube under...     

全局优化问题的一个新的无参数填充函数

求全局最优化问题的填充函数算法被提出以来，参数的选取和调整一直是制约算法有效性的因素。如何在实际的计算过程中选取合适的参数，直接影响和决定了运算速度和效率。因此，构造不含参数的填充函数就显得极为重要。提出一个新的无参数的填充函数，对其理论性质进行了分析，并给出相应的填充函数算法，数值计算验证了算法的有效性。     

白云石制备似立方体状方解石型碳酸钙晶体及其机理研究

以轻烧白云石粉、氯化铵和二氧化碳为原料,在未使用晶型控制剂的情况下,通过蒸氨-沉钙过程制备出了似立方体状碳酸钙。研究了反应温度、溶液中钙离子浓度、通气速率、搅拌速度以及陈化时间对碳酸钙中方解石相含量以及晶体形貌的影响,并探索了沉钙反应的晶型控制机理。结果表明,在反应温度40 ℃、钙离子浓度0.05 mol/L、通碳速率100 mL/min、搅拌速度400 r/min和陈化时间2 h的条件下,制备出形貌规整、粒径分布均匀的似立方体状碳酸钙,平均粒径为5~10 μm。该研究为提升白云石的使用价值、生产高附加价值的碳酸钙产品,以及提高白云石资源的利用率提供理论基础。     

Freeze–Thaw-Promoted Fabrication of Clean and Hierarchically Structured Noble-Metal Aerogels for Electrocatalysis and Photoelectrocatalysis

Noble-metal aerogels (NMAs) have drawn increasing attention because of their self-supported conductive networks, high surface areas, and numerous optically/catalytically active sites, enabling their impressive performance in diverse fields. However, the fabrication methods suffer from tedious procedures, long preparation times, unavoidable impurities, and uncontrolled multiscale structures, discouraging their developments. By utilizing the self-healing properties of noble-metal aggregates, the freezing-promoted salting-out behavior, and the ice-templating effect, a freeze–thaw method is crafted that is capable of preparing various hierarchically structured noble-metal gels within one day without extra additives. In light of their cleanliness, the multi-scale structures, and combined catalytic/optical properties, the electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic performance of NMAs are demonstrated, which surpasses that of commercial noble-metal catalysts.     

Self-supported metal sulphide nanocrystals-assembled nanosheets on carbon paper as efficient counter electrodes for quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells

Developing efficient counter electrodes (CEs) and quantum dots made of earth-abundant and non-toxic elements is essential but still challenging for quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs). Here, we report a facile strategy to prepare self-supported and robust CoS₂ and NiS nanocrystals-assembled nanosheets directly grown on carbon paper (MSx NS@CP) as efficient counter electrodes for QDSSCs. Such CEs integrate the merits of fast electron transfer from interconnected conductive scaffold, efficient mass transfer from hierarchically vertical nanosheet on 3D open substrate, as well as abundant highly active catalytic sites from metal sulphide nanocrystal units. As a result, QDDSCs based on such CoS₂ NS@CP and NiS NS@CP CEs achieve a PCE of 8.88% and 7.53%, respectively. The detailed analyses suggest that CoS₂ NS@CP has the highest catalytic activity and shows the lowest charger transfer resistance, leading to the highest PCE. These findings may inspire the design and exploration of other self-supported efficient CEs by integrating highly active catalysts onto 3D conductive networks for efficient QDSSCs.     

不同波长条件KDP晶体的非线性光学性质研究

采用Z扫描方法系统的研究了KDP晶体在不同激光波长条件下的非线性光学性质.当λ=355 nm,功率密度为57.92 GW/cm2和λ=532 nm,功率密度为105.94 GW/cm2时,KDP晶体均呈现强烈的反饱和吸收和自聚焦效应,其非线性吸收系数和非线性折射率分别为6.50×10 -2cm/GW,1.17×10 -2cm/GW和8.02×10 -7cm2/GW,6. 14×10 -7cm2/GW;而在1064 nm波长,功率密度为347.95 GW/cm2时KDP晶体并未表现出明显的非线性性质.结果表明,在短波长的激光作用下,KDP晶体更容易产生非线性效应,双光子吸收是KDP晶体非线性吸收的主要机制.     

多层状碱式碳酸锌微晶的制备及其脱除Cu2+性能研究

以壳聚糖(CS)为生物模板,采用低温水热法成功制备出了多层状碱式碳酸锌(ZCHO)微晶.采用XRD、SEM和TG等手段对产物的结构、形态和热学性能进行了表征,结果表明,单个ZCHO微晶颗粒均是由许多ZCHO纳米片构成的.添加适量的CS对形成多层状ZCHO微晶起到了至关重要的作用.热重分析结果表明,CS辅助得到的碳酸锌微晶热稳定性较高.等温吸附实验表明,在室温下,多层状ZCHO微晶能有效脱除水体中的Cu2,去除量与浓度关系符合Freundlich模型.最后讨论了多层状ZCHO微晶大容量去除Cu2+的可能机理.