Synergistic effect of thermoplastic phenolic resin and multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the crystallization of polyoxymethylene

To reduce the crystallization rate of polyoxymethylene (POM) to meet the requirement of thick-walled and large-sized articles production, and maintain high crystallinity as well as obtain refined crystalline grains to ensure the strength and stiffness simultaneously, thermoplastic phenolic resin (PF) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as crystal growth inhibitor and nucleating agent, respectively, and their effects on the crystallization of POM were studied in details. The results showed that PF is an effective inhibitor and MWCNTs exhibits excellent nucleation effect on POM. Based on the obtained results, their synergistic influences on the crystallization process of POM were investigated. It is found that the objective of decreasing the crystallization rate while maintaining high crystallinity and forming fine crystalline grains can be realized. The 97/3/1 wt% POM/PF/MWCNTs, compared with those of neat POM, The T _c shifts by 3.3°C to a lower temperature, the crystallization enthalpy increases by 16.1 J/g and the full width at half-maximum widens by 48.5%. The modulation effect of PF and MWCNTs on the crystallization is closely related to the PF content and dispersion, the distribution and dispersion of MWCNTs in the PF and POM phases.     

A multigrid method for the ground state solution of Bose–Einstein condensates based on Newton iteration

BIT Numerical Mathematics - In this paper, a new kind of multigrid method is proposed for the ground state solution of Bose–Einstein condensates based on Newton iteration scheme. Instead of...     

Study of the matrix effects of tetrodotoxin and its content in cooked seafood by liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry

Tetrodotoxin is a marine biotoxin with high acute toxicity. The levels in cooked seafood will help us to assess its intake in humans and may help assess the risk of toxicity. However, heavy matrices hinder the direct quantitation of tetrodotoxin. A quantitative method of measuring tetrodotoxin in cooked seafood using liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was established in this study. Tetrodotoxin was extracted from the sample matrix using 2% formic acid in methanol and cleaned using a cation exchange cartridge. The cleanup conditions were optimized. The matrix effects were determined using the postextraction spiking method and by comparing the slope of the linear regression equation in sample matrix to that in solvent. The limit of detection in the sample matrix was 5 μg/kg and the limit of quantification was 10 μg/kg. The mean recoveries at three spiking levels were 66.9–89.2% with relative standard deviations of 5.0–10.8% (n = 6) in five different matrices. Tetrodotoxin was found at concentrations of 26.1–2462 μg/kg in nine of 83 cooked seafoods tested in this study. Eight analogs of Tetrodotoxin were detected in the samples studied.     

One-pot fabrication of single-crystalline octahedral Pd-Pt nanocrystals with enhanced electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation

This study reports the synthesis of octahedral Pd-Pt bimetallic alloy nanocrystals through a facile, one-pot, templateless, and seedless hydrothermal method in the presence of glucose and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide. The morphologies, compositions, and structures of the Pd-Pt nanocrystals were fully characterized by various physical techniques, thereby demonstrating their highly alloying octahedral nanostructures. The formation or growth mechanism of the Pd-Pt bimetallic alloy nanocrystals was explored and is discussed here based on the experimental observations. In addition, the synthesized Pd-Pt nanocrystals were applied to the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in alkaline media, which proved that the as-prepared catalysts exhibit enhanced electrocatalytic activity for MOR. Pd₁Pt₃ exhibited the best stability and durability, and its mass activity was 3.4 and 5.2 times greater than those of Pt black and Pd black catalysts, respectively. The facile synthetic process and excellent catalytic performance of the as-prepared catalysts demonstrate that they have the potential to be used in direct methanol fuel cell techniques.     

Azide Ionic Liquids for Safe,Green, and Highly-Efficient Azidation Reactions to Produce Azide Polymers

Azide compounds are widely used and especially, polymers bearing pendant azide groups are highly desired in numerous fields. However, harsh reaction conditions are always mandatory to achieve full azidation, causing severe side reactions and degradation of the polymers. Herein, we report the design and preparation of two azide ionic liquids (AILs) with azide anion and triethylene glycol (E₃)-containing cation, [P_444E3][N₃] and [MIM_E3][N₃]. Compared with the traditional sodium azide (NaN₃) approach, both AILs showed much higher reaction rates and functional-group tolerance. More importantly, they could act as both reagents and solvents for the quantitative azidation of various polymeric precursors under mild conditions. Theoretical simulations suggested that the outstanding performance of AILs originated from the existence of ion pairs during the reaction, and the E₃ moieties played a crucial role. Lastly, after the reaction, the AILs could be easily regenerated, presenting a safer, greener, and highly efficient synthesis route for azide polymers.     

Methane adsorption properties of N-doped graphdiyne: a first-principles study

Structural Chemistry - N-doped graphdiyne (N-graphdiyne) is a new kind of alkynyl carbon material whose structure resembles graphdiyne. This study describes the Mn-modified N-graphdiyne...     

Bioorthogonal SERS Nanoprobes for Mulitplex Spectroscopic Detection,Tumor Cell Targeting,and Tissue Imaging

A surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique shows extraordinary features for a range of biological and biomedical applications. Herein, a series of novel bioorthogonal SERS nanoprobes were constructed with Gold nanoflower (AuNF) and Raman reporters, the signals of which were located in a Raman‐silent region of biological samples. AS1411 aptamer was also co‐conjugated with AuNF through a self‐assembled monolayer coverage strategy. Multiplex SERS imaging using these nanoprobes with three different bioorthogonal small‐molecule Raman reporters is successfully achieved with high multiplexing capacity in a biologically Raman‐silent region. These Raman nanoprobes co‐conjugated with AS1411 showed high affinity for tumor cells with overexpressed nucleolin and can be used for selective tumor cell screening and tissue imaging.     

Microphase Separation within Disk Shaped Aggregates of Triblock Bottlebrushes

Well‐defined AbBA triblock bottlebrush with poly(N,N‐dimethyl acrylamide) (PAm) as A block and polyacrylate, densely grafted with poly(tert‐butyl acrylate)‐block‐polystyrene (PBA‐b‐PS), as brush bB block is prepared by controlled radical polymerization and click chemistry. The triblock copolymer with a composition of PAm₂₀₀‐b‐b(PBA₁₄‐b‐PS₄₇)₁₆₇‐b‐PAm₂₀₀ is obtained and is further transformed into PAm₂₀₀‐b‐b(PAA₁₄‐b‐PS₄₇)₁₆₇‐b‐PAm₂₀₀ by hydrolysis of the PBA segment into poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). In a mixture of N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) and methanol, a poor solvent of bB block, PAm₂₀₀‐b‐b(PAA₁₄‐b‐PS₄₇)₁₆₇‐b‐PAm₂₀₀ self‐assembled into disk‐like platelets, which have an internal lamellar structure by further microphase‐separation of PAA‐b‐PS branches in 2D. Moreover, Ag nanoparticles are aligned by PAA segments along the disk to form a pattern.

     

两例Ni(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅱ)配位聚合物的合成、晶体结构及热稳定性研究

在溶剂热的条件下,合成了两例金属-有机配位聚合物:{[Ni(H2O)2(1,3-BIP)2]·TFBDC}n(1)和{[Cu3(H2O)4(1,3-BIP)6]·(BTC)2·(H2O)15}n(2)(1,3-BIP为1,3-二(咪唑)丙烷,H2TFBDC为2,3,5,6-四氟对苯二甲酸和H3BTC为1,3,5-均苯三酸),并利用红外光谱、元素分析和X-射线单晶衍射等技术手段对其结构进行了表征.X-射线单晶衍射结果表明配位聚合物1呈现一维环形链构型,并通过分子间氢键作用进一步连接形成三维超分子网络结构.配位聚合物2呈现出(4,4)拓扑的二维层状结构.此外,研究了两例配位聚合物的热稳定性能.