高效液相色谱法测定烟草中的果胶含量

研究了用高效液相色谱法测定烟草中果胶含量。烟草中的果胶用盐酸水解 ,水解产生的半乳糖醛酸以 Waters Sugar- Pak1钙型阳离子交换柱为固定相 ,0 .0 5 g/L EDTA钙钠水溶液为流动相 ,示差折光仪为检测器测定半乳糖醛酸含量 ,由半乳糖醛酸含量换算为果胶含量。方法检出限为 1.0 mg/L,相对标准偏差为 1.2 %— 1.4 % ,回收率在 97%— 10 3%之间。方法用于几种烟草样品中果胶含量的测定 ,结果令人满意     

蒽酮比色法测定马铃薯淀粉深加工工艺废液总糖含量的研究

研究了葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、马铃薯淀粉标准液、马铃薯粉渣和马铃薯淀粉深加工工艺废液,确定了蒽酮比色法测定马铃薯淀粉深加工废液总糖含量的最佳实验条件。在马铃薯淀粉深加工废液中加入盐酸,在105℃消煮120min,用活性碳脱色,过滤,滤液加入蒽酮,沸水浴中加热12min,显色体系在620nm处的吸光度达到最佳值,糖的浓度在1—100μg/mL范围内符合比耳定律,线性相关系数为0.9997。用所拟方法对凉山洲盐源世富农业科技公司马铃薯淀粉深加工工艺废液总糖进行测定,相对误差在5%以内,加标回收率在96.42%—103.16%之间,结果满意。     

分光光度法测定发酵液中果糖的含量

针对微生物转化发酵液体系的特征 ,用分光光度法测定其中果糖的含量。校准曲线回归方程为 y=2 6 .2 3x 0 .0 0 7,相关系数为 0 .9991 ;1 0倍量葡萄糖和 1 0倍量甘露醇的存在对果糖测定基本无干扰 ;发酵液中果糖测定的加标回收率为 99.1 %— 99.8%。     

高氯酸萃取-连续流动法测定烟草中的淀粉含量

淀粉是烟草中较难测定的成分之一.为了快速准确地测定烟草中的淀粉含量,研究了高氯酸萃取-连续流动法测定烟样中淀粉含量的方法,即每0.1g烟草样品用1.0mL 50%的乙醇和1.2mL 72%高氯酸萃取烟草样品中的淀粉,通过自动化学分析仪(滤光片波长660nm)测定淀粉含量.采用本法测定了云南烤烟烟叶、杀青烟叶、白肋烟和香料烟的淀粉含量,平均回收率为96.71%,相对标准偏差在1.79%-5.58%之间.与传统的酸解法和酶解法比较,本法操作步骤简单、检测成本低、快速准确.     

新疆锁阳多糖的提取及含量测定

采用分光光度法测定新疆锁阳多糖的含量,以葡萄糖为对照品,以蒽酮-浓硫酸为显色剂,在625nm处测定样品溶液的吸光度。在40.00—200.00μg/mL范围内,葡萄糖质量浓度与吸光度呈良好线性关系,相关系数r=0.9998,回收率在96.15%—102.85%之间,相对标准偏差RSD为2.814%（n=5）,新疆锁阳多糖含量为2.39%。本方法操作简单,灵敏度高,可作为锁阳多糖的含量测定方法。     

分光光度法测定沙棘叶多糖含量

经苯酚-硫酸显色,用分光光度法测定沙棘叶多糖含量。测定波长490nm,葡萄糖含量在10.0—71.0μg/mL范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系,r=0.9981,多糖换算因子f为3.271。测得不同月份同一片植株沙棘叶多糖含量分别为:5月份3.39%,7月份3.94%,9月份4.42%,平均回收率为99.07%,RSD为3.22%。     

激光拉曼光谱内标法测定葡萄糖液浓度

利用葡萄糖溶液的激光拉曼光谱中的特征峰—CCO(1 125 cm-1),以本底溶液水为内标物,组成相对强度,对葡萄糖溶液含量进行了测定研究,其线性范围为0～1.8 mol·L-1,检出限为0.022 7 mol·L-1,共存的KCl和NaCl不引起干扰,用于葡萄糖氯化钠注射液的测定获得了成功。经测定某市售标识量为葡萄糖氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖和10%葡萄糖注射液实测平均浓度分别为4.91%,4.93%和9.92%,其回收率分别在71.88%～126.31%,81.02%～124.89%和74.87%～121.32%之间,RSD为5.44%,4.34%和0.94%。该方法具有测定简单、操作方便,无需添加其他任何化学试剂,是一种绿色分析测定方法。     

离子色谱法测定大蒜中的糖

为了解大蒜多糖中单糖的组成,在AminoPac PA10(2×250mm)离子色谱分离柱上用10.0mM NaOH溶液作为流动相,以Au为工作电极,Ag/AgCl为参比电极的脉冲安培检测器,分离检测了大蒜多糖水解产生的单糖成分及含量.实验结果表明,大蒜多糖中阿拉伯糖、甘露醇、葡萄糖和果糖的相对含量分别为0.22%、6.43%、0.14%和93.20%.该方法具有灵敏度和精密度高、分离效果好及样品不需要衍生化处理的优点,适合大蒜样品中单糖或大蒜多糖水解后单糖的分析.     

高效液相色谱法测定巴豆油中佛波醇

建立巴豆油中佛波醇（Phorbol）的含量测定方法。用HPLC测定水解后佛波醇的含量,并通过正交法优化巴豆油水解条件。采用Kromasil C₈（4.6mm×250mm,5μm）色谱柱,流动相为甲醇:水=20:80.流速为1.0mL/min.柱温为25℃,检测波长为234nm。在46.8—468μg/mL范围内佛波醇浓度与峰面积线性关系良好.回归方程为y=9820.8x+50238,r=0.9999;回收率为93.16%,RSD为2.73%。巴豆油的优化水解条件:温度20℃,料液比1:8（mL/mL）,水解3h,此条件下佛波醇的产率最高,平均产率为2.41%。所建方法易于操作、结果稳定、重现性好,可用于巴豆油中佛波醇的含量测定。     

超声提取-反相高效液相色谱法测定黄姜中薯蓣皂甙元

以超声萃取-酸水解-超声萃取进行预处理,结合RP-HPLC测定黄姜中薯蓣皂甙元含量。色谱条件为:采用AglilengtHC-C18色谱柱,流动相为甲醇∶水=95∶5(V∶V),流速为1.0mL/min,UV检测波长为203nm。结果表明,在40—1000μg/mL范围内,薯蓣皂甙元峰面积与其质量浓度具有良好的线性关系(r=0.9996),样品平均加标回收率为99.8%,RSD为1.1%。与直接酸水解-萃取预处理方式进行对比,本方法测得薯蓣皂甙元含量提高了32%。采用本方法对黄姜芽,根茎,表皮及不定根中的薯蓣皂甙元含量进行测定:根茎1.69%,芽0.19%,表皮0.15%,不定根部分含量为0.36%。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.