Ni/α-Al2O3催化剂作用下苯甲醚的加氢脱氧

Ni-based catalysts supported on di erent supports (α-Al₂O₃,γ-Al₂O₃, SiO2, TiO₂, and ZrO₂) were prepared by impregnation. Effects of supports on catalytic performance were tested using hydrodeoxygenation reaction (HDO) of anisole as model reaction. Ni/α-Al₂O₃ was found to be the highest active catalyst for HDO of anisole. Under the optimal conditions, the anisole conversion is 93.25% and the hydrocarbon yield is 90.47%. Catalyst characteriza-tion using H₂-TPD method demonstrates that Ni/α-Al₂O₃ catalyst possesses more amount of active metal Ni than those of other investigated catalysts, which can enhance the cat-alytic activity for hydrogenation. Furthermore, it is found that the Ni/α-Al₂O₃ catalyst has excellent repeatability, and the carbon deposited on the surface of catalyst is negligible.     

Spinel lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) as novel anode material for room-temperature sodium-ion battery

This is the first time that a novel anode material, spinel Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ which is well known as a “zero-strain” anode material for lithium storage, has been introduced for sodium-ion battery. The Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ shows an average Na storage voltage of about 1.0 V and a reversible capacity of about 145 mAh/g, thereby making it a promising anode for sodium-ion battery. E_x-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to investigate the structure change in the Na insertion/deinsertion process. Based on this, a possible Na storage mechanism is proposed.     

基于Co3O4修饰SnO2纳米纤维的高响应和高选择性乙醇气体传感器

SnO₂ nanofibers were synthesized by electrospinning and modified with Co₃O₄ via impregnation in this work. Chemical composition and morphology of the nanofibers were systematically characterized, and their gas sensing properties were investigated. Results showed that Co₃O₄ modification significantly enhanced the sensing performance of SnO₂ nanofibers to ethanol gas. For a sample with 1.2 mol% Co₃O₄, the response to 100 ppm ethanol was 38.0 at 300℃, about 6.7 times larger than that of SnO₂ nanofibers. In addition, the response/recovery time was also greatly reduced. A power-law dependence of the sensor response on the ethanol concentration as well as excellent ethanol selectivity was observed for the Co₃O₄/SnO₂ sensor. The enhanced ethanol sensing performance may be attributed to the formation of p-n heterojunctions between the two oxides.     

糠醇辅助的聚合凝胶法制备纳米Li4Ti5O12负极材料

以硝酸锂、钛酸正丁酯和糠醇为反应物,采用糠醇聚合凝胶法制备了纳米Li₄Ti₅O₁₂粉体．利用XRD、SEM和BET比表面测试对产物进行了表征,并研究了纳米Li₄Ti₅O₁₂粉体作为锂离子电池负极材料的电化学性能．在700℃或更高温度烧结时产物为纯相的尖晶石型．通过柠檬酸、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)表面活性剂的加入能够减少产物颗粒的团聚程度,增大粉体的比表面积,提高其电化学性能．加入0.5 g CTAB、700℃烧结12 h的Li₄Ti₅O₁₂粉体展示出最高的比容量和最佳的循环性能,10 C下充电比容量高达156.7 mAh/g．     

Investigation of 4H—SiC metal—insulation—semiconductor structure with Al2O3/SiO2 stacked dielectric

Atomic layer deposited (ALD) Al₂O₃/dry-oxidized ultrathin SiO₂ films as high-k gate dielectric grown on the 8° off-axis 4H-SiC (0001) epitaxial wafers are investigated in this paper. The metal-insulation-semiconductor (MIS) capacitors, respectively with different gate dielectric stacks (Al₂O₃/SiO₂, Al₂O₃, and SiO₂) are fabricated and compared with each other. The I-V measurements show that the Al₂O₃/SiO₂ stack has a high breakdown field ( ≥ 12 MV/cm) comparable to SiO₂, and a relatively low gate leakage current of 1× 10^-7 A/cm² at electric field of 4 MV/cm comparable to Al₂O₃. The 1-MHz high frequency C-V measurements exhibit that the Al₂O₃/SiO₂ stack has a smaller positive flat-band voltage shift and hysteresis voltage, indicating less effective charge and slow-trap density near the interface.     

纤维状TiO2/BiVO4异质结的高可见光光催化性能

Novel TiO₂/BiVO₄ microfiber heterojunctions were constructed using cotton as biomorphic templates. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra and photocatalytic experiment. The morphology of the as-synthesized TiO₂/BiVO₄ composites was consisted of a large quantity of microfiber structures with diameter from 2.5 μm to 5 μm, and the surface of samples became more coarse and compact with the increase of weight ratio of TiO₂. The TiO₂/BiVO₄ samples with proper content (10.00wt%) showed the highest pho-tocatalytic degradation activity for methylene blue (MB) degradation among all the samples under visible light, and 88.58%MB could be degraded within 150 min. The enhancement of photocatalytic activity was mainly attributed to the formation of n-n heterojunction at the contact interface of TiO₂ and BiVO₄, which not only narrowed the band gap of BiVO₄ for extending the absorption range of visible light, but also promoted the transfer of charge carriers across interface. A possible photodegradation mechanism of MB in the presence of TiO₂/BiVO₄ microfibrous photocatalyst was proposed.     

一种新型Ag3PO4/Ag/Ag2Mo2O7纳米线光催化剂：三元纳米复合物的光催化活性

Ag₃PO₄/Ag/Ag₂Mo₂O₇ composite photocatalyst was successfully prepared via an in situ precipitation method. The as-prepared Ag₃PO₄/Ag/Ag₂Mo₂O₇ nanocomposite included Ag₃PO₄ nanoparticles (NPs) as well as Ag NPs assembling on the surface of Ag₂Mo₂O₇ nanowires. Under visible light irradiation (λ>420 nm), the Ag₃PO₄/Ag/Ag₂Mo₂O₇ composite degraded rhodamine B (Rh B) efficiently and showed much higher photocatalytic efficiency than pure Ag₃PO₄, Ag₂Mo₂O₇, or Ag₃PO₄/Ag₂Mo₂O₇. It was elucidated that the excellent photocatalytic performance of Ag₃PO₄/Ag/Ag₂Mo₂O₇ for the degradation of Rh B under visible light could be ascribed to the high specific surface area, the extended absorption in the visible light region resulting from the Ag₃PO₄/Ag loading, and the efficient separation of photogenerated electrons and holes through the ternary heterostrucure composed of Ag₃PO₄, Ag and Ag₂Mo₂O₇.     

STUDY OF HALOGEN DOPING IN POLYCRYSTALLINE YBa2Cu3O7-δ

This paper presents systematically the doping effects of halogens in YBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ polycrystalline samples, with a series of concentrations of fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. All samples were prepared by chemical method of citrate pyrolysis, which makes the halogen concentration in the samples more uniform. Samples doped with F have T_c as high as 94.5K, Cl, Br and I dopings also raise T_c to a certain extent. In addition, the influence of halogen doping on critical current density, morphology, constitution and so forth is discussed.     

Development and characteristic analysis of a field-plated Al2O3/AlInN/GaN MOS–HEMT

We present an AlInN/AlN/GaN MOS–HEMT with a 3 nm ultra-thin atomic layer deposition (ALD) Al₂O₃ dielectric layer and a 0.3 μm field-plate (FP)-MOS--HEMT. Compared with a conventional AlInN/AlN/GaN HEMT (HEMT) with the same dimensions, a FP-MOS--HEMT with a 0.6 μm gate length exhibits an improved maximum drain current of 1141 mA/mm, an improved peak extrinsic transconductance of 325 mS/mm and effective suppression of gate leakage in both the reverse direction (by about one order of magnitude) and the forward direction (by more than two orders of magnitude). Moreover, the peak extrinsic transconductance of the FP-MOS--HEMT is slightly larger than that of the HEMT, indicating an exciting improvement of transconductance performance. The sharp transition from depletion to accumulation in the capacitance--voltage (C--V) curve of the FP-MOS--HEMT demonstrates a high-quality interface of Al₂O₃/AlInN. In addition, a large off-state breakdown voltage of 133 V, a high field-plate efficiency of 170 V/μ m and a negligible double-pulse current collapse is achieved in the FP-MOS--HEMT. This is attributed to the adoption of an ultra-thin Al₂O₃ gate dielectric and also of a field-plate on the dielectric of an appropriate thickness. The results show a great potential application of the ultra-thin ALD-Al₂O₃ FP-MOS--HEMT to deliver high currents and power densities in high power microwave technologies.     

高性能的钛掺杂O3相O3-Na1-xCr1-xTixO2(x=0, 0.03, 0.05)用于钠离子电池正极材料的研究

本文通过凝胶热聚合路线合成了层状的O3相正极材料Na_1-xCr_1-xTi_xO₂(x=0, 0.03, 0.05),采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜来分析其晶体结构和微观形貌. 研究发现,适量的钛掺杂有助于形成更均匀的颗粒并且会改变样品的颜色. 作为钠离子电池正极材料,Na//Na_0.97Cr_0.97Ti_0.03O₂具有非常高的库伦效率(首次高于96%),并且在2.0-3.6 V的电化学窗口下,用0.2 C的倍率循环100次,只有4%的容量衰减;在32 C倍率下有110 mAh/g的比容量.     

Chemical quenching of positronium in Fe2O3/Al2O3 catalysts

Fe₂O₃/Al₂O₃ catalysts were prepared by solid state reaction method using α-Fe₂O₃ and γ-Al₂O₃ nano powders. The microstructure and surface properties of the catalyst were studied using positron lifetime and coincidence Doppler broadening annihilation radiation measurements. The positron lifetime spectrum shows four components. The two long lifetimes τ₃ and τ₄ are attributed to positronium annihilation in two types of pores distributed inside Al₂O₃ grain and between the grains, respectively. With increasing Fe₂O₃ content from 3 wt% to 40 wt%, the lifetime τ₃ keeps nearly unchanged, while the longest lifetime τ₄ shows decrease from 96 ns to 64 ns. Its intensity decreases drastically from 24% to less than 8%. The Doppler broadening S parameter shows also a continuous decrease. Further analysis of the Doppler broadening spectra reveals a decrease in the p-Ps intensity with increasing Fe₂O₃ content, which rules out the possibility of spin-conversion of positronium. Therefore the decrease of τ₄ is most probably due to the chemical quenching reaction of positronium with Fe ions on the surface of the large pores.     

Characteristics of photoluminescence, thermoluminescence and thermal degradation in Eu-doped BaMgAl10O17 and SrMgAl10O17

The relation between photoluminescence and thermoluminescence from Eu-doped BAM (BaMgAl₁₀O₁₇) and SAM (SrMgAl₁₀O₁₇) are investigated. The emission peak of SAM:Eu shifts from 463 to 489 nm whereas that of BAM:Eu only shifts 3 nm at 450 nm as temperature decreased from 300 to 50 K under 146 nm excitation. This can be explained by the fact that there are Beevers–Ross (BR) and mid-oxygen (mO) sites for Eu ions in SAM. The emission peak around 463 nm from SAM:Eu is ascribed to Eu ions in the mO site, while the peak around 489 nm is ascribed to ones in the BR site in SAM host. From the result of thermal degradation of SAM:Eu, it is confirmed that the Eu ions located at mO site are easy to degrade compared with those located at BR site. The thermal degradation of BAM:Eu phosphor becomes large with the increase in Eu concentration. We suggest that the thermal degradation of BAM:Eu phosphor is due to the tendency of Eu ions to occupy the mO site.     

Preparation and magnetic properties of BaFe12O19/Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 nanocomposite ferrite

Nanocomposite of hard (BaFe₁₂O₁₉)/soft ferrite (Ni_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄) have been prepared by the sol–gel process. The nanocomposite ferrite are formed when the calcining temperature is above 800 °C. It is found that the magnetic properties strongly depend on the presintering treatment and calcining temperature. The “bee waist” type hysteresis loops for samples disappear when the presintering temperature is 400 °C and the calcination temperature reaches 1100 °C owing to the exchange-coupling interaction. The remanence of BaFe₁₂O₁₉/Ni_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄ nanocomposite ferrite with the mass ratio of 5:1 is higher than a single phase ferrite. The specific saturation magnetization, remanence magnetization and coercivity are 63 emu/g, 36 emu/g and 2750 G, respectively. The exchange-coupling interaction in the BaFe₁₂O₁₉/Ni_0.8Zn_0.2Fe₂O₄ nanocomposite ferrite is discussed.     

Influence of postdeposition annealing on structural properties and electrical characteristics of thin Tm2O3 and Tm2Ti2O7 dielectrics

We describe the structural properties and electrical characteristics of thin thulium oxide (Tm₂O₃) and thulium titanium oxide (Tm₂Ti₂O₇) as gate dielectrics deposited on silicon substrates through reactive sputtering. The structural and morphological features of these films were explored by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and atomic force microscopy, measurements. It is found that the Tm₂Ti₂O₇ film annealed at 800 °C exhibited a thinner capacitance equivalent thickness of 19.8 Å, a lower interface trap density of 8.37 × 10¹¹ eV⁻¹ cm⁻², and a smaller hysteresis voltage of ∼4 mV than the other conditions. We attribute this behavior to the Ti incorporated into the Tm₂O₃ film improving the interfacial layer and the surface roughness. This film also shows negligible degrees of charge trapping at high electric field stress.     

Comparison of magnetic properties in LixCoO2 and its decomposition products LiCo2O4 and Co3O4

Thermal stability of cathode material in the charged state is an important aspect for the safety of rechargeable batteries. It is well known that layered Li_xCoO₂ decomposes to a mixture of LiCoO₂ and Co₃O₄ at elevated temperatures. However, not many experimental evidences exist on intermediate phases those may form during the decomposition. Using magnetic measurements we show that it is possible to distinguish between the spinels LiCo₂O₄ and Co₃O₄ and thereby follow the decomposition of Li_xCoO₂. We characterize the magnetic behavior of thermally aged Li_xCoO₂ (x = 0.98, 0.76, 0.55) with increasing annealing time. Our results reveal the appearance of magnetic ordering in the thermally degraded products. The detailed analysis illustrates that the formation of Co₃O₄ is preceded by the formation of a meta stable LiCo₂O₄ phase.     

SrBi2Ta2O9/Bi4Ti3O12复合铁电薄膜的制备与特性研究

采用溶胶凝胶工艺在p-Si衬底上制备了SrBi₂Ta₂O₉/Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂复合铁电薄膜. 研究了SrBi₂Ta₂O₉/Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂复合薄膜的微观结构与生长行为、铁电性能和疲劳特性. 研究表明: Si衬底Bi₄Ti< 关键词： 2Ta₂O₉')" href="#">SrBi₂Ta₂O₉ 4Ti₃O₁₂')" href="#">Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ 复合铁电薄膜 溶胶凝胶工艺     

Double-ceramic-layer thermal barrier coatings based on La2(Zr0.7Ce0.3)2O7/La2Ce2O7 deposited by electron beam-physical vapor deposition

Double-ceramic-layer (DCL) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) of La₂(Zr_0.7Ce_0.3)₂O₇ (LZ7C3) and La₂Ce₂O₇ (LC) were deposited by electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). The composition, interdiffusion, surface and cross-sectional morphologies, cyclic oxidation behavior of DCL coating were studied. Energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses indicate that both LZ7C3 and LC coatings are effectively fabricated by a single LZ7C3 ingot with properly controlling the deposition energy. The chemical compatibility of LC coating and thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer is unstable. LaAlO₃ is formed due to the chemical reaction between LC and Al₂O₃ which is the main composition of TGO layer. Additionally, the thermal cycling behavior of DCL coating is influenced by the interdiffusion of Zr and Ce between LZ7C3 and LC coatings. The failure of DCL coating is a result of the sintering of LZ7C3 coating surface, the chemical incompatibility of LC coating and TGO layer and the abnormal oxidation of bond coat. Since no single material that has been studied so far satisfies all the requirements for high temperature applications, DCL coating is an important development direction of TBCs.     

Correlation between Al2O3 particles and interface of Al-Al2O3 coatings by cold spray

Al-Al₂O₃ composite coatings with different Al₂O₃ particle shapes were prepared on Si and Al substrate by cold spray. The powder compositions of metal (Al) and ceramic (Al₂O₃) having different sizes and agglomerations were varied into ratios of 10:1 wt% and 1:1 wt%. Al₂O₃ particles were successfully incorporated into the soft metal matrix of Al. It was found that crater formation between the coatings and substrate, which is typical characteristic signature of cold spray could be affected by initial starting Al₂O₃ particles. In addition, when the large hard particles of fused Al₂O₃ were employed, the deep and big craters were generated at the interface between coatings and hard substrates. In the case of pure soft metal coating such as Al on hard substrate, it is very hard to get proper adhesion due to lack of crater formation. Therefore, the composite coating would have certain advantages.     

Emission features of Ho ion in Nb2O5, Ta2O5 and La2O3 mixed Li2O-ZrO2-SiO2 glasses

Li₂O-ZrO₂-SiO₂: Ho³⁺ glasses mixed with three interesting d-block elemental oxides, viz., Nb₂O₅, Ta₂O₅ and La₂O₃, were prepared. Optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra of these glasses have been recorded at room temperature. The luminescence spectra of Nb₂O₅ and Ta₂O₅ mixed Li₂O-ZrO₂-SiO₂ glasses (free of Ho³⁺ ions) have also exhibited broad emission band in the blue region. This band is attributed to radiative recombination of self-trapped excitons (STEs) localized on substitutionally positioned octahedral Ta⁵⁺ and Nb⁵⁺ ions in the glass network. The Judd-Ofelt theory was successfully applied to characterize Ho³⁺ spectra of all the three glasses. From this theory various radiative properties, like transition probability A, branching ratio β_r and the radiative lifetime τ_r, for ⁵S₂ emission levels in the spectra of these glasses have been evaluated. The radiative lifetime for ⁵S₂ level of Ho³⁺ ions has also been measured and quantum efficiencies were estimated. Among the three glasses studied the La₂O₃ mixed glass exhibited the highest quantum efficiency. The reasons for such higher value have been discussed based on the relationship between the structural modifications taking place around the Ho³⁺ ions.     

Luminescence studies on ZnO-P2O5 glasses doped with Gd2O3:Eu nanoparticles and Eu2O3

Zinc phosphate glasses doped with Gd₂O₃:Eu nanoparticles and Eu₂O₃ were prepared by conventional melt-quench method and characterized for their luminescence properties. Binary ZnO-P₂O₅ glass is characterized by an intrinsic defect centre emission around 324 nm. Strong energy transfer from these defect centres to Eu³⁺ ions has been observed when Eu₂O₃ is incorporated in ZnO-P₂O₅ glasses. Lack of energy transfer from these defect centres to Eu³⁺ in Gd₂O₃:Eu nanoparticles doped ZnO-P₂O₅ glass has been attributed to effective shielding of Eu³⁺ ions from the luminescence centre by Gd-O-P type of linkages, leading to an increased distance between the luminescent centre and Eu³⁺ ions. Both doped and undoped glasses have the same glass transition temperature, suggesting that the phosphate network is not significantly affected by the Gd₂O₃:Eu nanoparticles or Eu₂O₃ incorporation.