气相-质谱联用法测定主流烟气中几种芳香胺

采用固相萃取(SPE)-气相(GC)-质谱(MS)选择离子监测(SIM)法测定主流烟气中4种芳香胺(1-萘胺、2-萘胺、3-氨基联苯、4-氨基联苯)。探讨了萃取方式、萃取液浓度、萃取时间、pH等因素对分离检测的影响。对影响提取主流烟气中芳香胺的参数进行优化,在优化的条件下,用5%HCl在室温下超声萃取40 min,烟气中的芳香胺生成胺盐,用50%NaOH调胺盐pH至12以上,将胺游离出来。用五氟丙酸酐酰化,florisil SPE柱纯化后,上GC/MS检测。在优化的条件下,15 min内可实现4种芳香胺的分离检测。1-萘胺、2-萘胺、3-氨基联苯、4-氨基联苯的检测限分别为0.12、0.09、0.13、0.10 ng/mL,相对标准偏差在3.2%~4.7%之间;标准回收率在93.72%~104.22%之间,方法用于卷烟主流烟气中几种芳香胺的测定。     

直接萃取-GC/MS法测定卷烟主流烟气中四种芳香胺

采用气相色谱/质谱法直接测定了卷烟主流烟气中的1-氨基萘、 2-氨基萘、 3-氨基联苯和4-氨基联苯等4种芳香胺.该方法直接用CH2Cl2溶剂超声振荡萃取滤片中的芳香胺,超声萃取的同时加入衍生试剂,使萃取和衍生化同步进行,萃取液过硅酸镁柱进行进一步纯化,然后旋转浓缩后进行GC/MS分析.方法的RSD在1.0%～3.7%之间,加标回收率在92.9%～101.1%之间.     

固相萃取-气相色谱／质谱同时测定卷烟滤嘴中的四种芳香胺

采用固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱(SPE-GC/MS)法同时测定了卷烟抽吸后滤嘴中截留的1-氨基萘、2-氨基萘、3-氨基联苯和4-氨基联苯四种芳香胺.该法采用5%的盐酸超声振荡提取滤嘴中的芳香胺,提取液经液液萃取后进行衍生化和固相萃取,浓缩后进行GC/MS分析.1-氨基萘、2-氨基萘、3-氨基联苯和4-氨基联苯的检出限分别为0.51、0.42、0.18、0.18 ng/mL,相对标准偏差在0.94%～3.02%之间,回收率在92.67%～97.20%之间.该方法用于卷烟滤嘴中四种芳香胺的测定,结果发现不同材料的滤嘴对四种芳香胺有不同的截留作用.     

偏最小二乘计算分光光度法同时测定水中苯胺、联苯胺、α-萘胺和对硝基苯胺

本文利用芳胺的重氮化偶合反应，研究了芳胺重氮化后与甲萘酚形成偶氮染料化合物的显色反应。结果表明,在pH＝12．3的甘氨酸-氧化钠-氢氧化钠缓冲介质中，苯胺、联苯胺、α-萘胺和对硝基苯胺可与甲萘酚偶合形成不同的偶氮化合物，但其吸收光谱严重重叠，采用偏最小二乘法解析重叠的吸收光谱，建立了计算分光光度法同时测定苯胺、联苯胺、α-萘胺和对硝基苯胺的新方法。此法成功地应用于合成水样和环境水样中这几种胺的同时测定，结果令人满意。     

液液萃取-分散液液微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用测定纺织废水中痕量禁用偶氮染料

建立了液液萃取-分散液液微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术测定纺织废水中痕量偶氮染料的方法。废水中的偶氮染料在碱性条件下经连二亚硫酸钠还原成芳香胺后,先用叔丁基甲醚液液萃取、盐酸反萃进行预浓缩及净化;再以乙腈-氯苯体系进行分散液液微萃取,气相色谱-质谱测定。对前处理条件进行了优化,考察了酸碱度及盐效应对芳香胺萃取效率的影响,结果表明：液液萃取过程中加入30 g NaCl,分散液液微萃取过程中加入1 mL 5 mol/L的NaOH调节体系至碱性才能达到较好的萃取效率。在优化的实验条件下,21种目标物均呈现良好的线性关系,其中13种芳香胺的线性范围为0.05~10 μg/L,7种芳香胺的线性范围为0.05~5 μg/L,2,4-二氨基苯甲醚的线性范围为20~100 μg/L,相关系数为0.996~0.999。20种芳香胺的检出限可达0.05 μg/L,2,4-二氨基苯甲醚检出限为20 μg/L。印染、机织、印花等实际废水加标试验表明,方法的回收率为75.6%~115.1%。该方法富集倍数高,检出限低,适用于纺织废水中痕量禁用偶氮染料的检测。     

固相微萃取法在禁用偶氮染料检测中的应用初探

将固相微萃取技术应用于出口染色纺织品及皮革制品中禁用偶氮染料检验,偶染料经连二亚硫酸钠还原成芳胺后,用固相微萃取技术萃取富集后,用ＧＣ－ＭＳ分析。实验了萃取方式、萃取纤维、pＨ值、浓度、温度、萃取时间及色谱条件等因素对萃取与测定的影响。     

整体柱在线固相萃取-液相色谱联用系统测定水中苯胺类污染物

针对在线固相萃取-液相色谱联机分析中的萃取柱及阀体系与液相色谱兼容的问题进行研究,构建了与液相色谱进样量相兼容的大内径整体萃取柱及相关阀、泵送系统。采用四甲氧基硅烷(TMOS)和甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)作为混合前驱体,制备了大内径(530μm)、柱床均一、稳定的毛细管硅胶整体柱。经C18基团修饰后,前沿分析表明该整体柱具有大的吸附容量,其中N-甲基苯胺约为214 mg/g,N,N-二甲基苯胺约为388 mg/g。柱通透性好,在线固相萃取时仅需注射泵即可完成。将该整体柱应用于本实验室自主研发的样品前处理仪上并与液相色谱联机后,采用85%甲醇-水作为流动相,在0.5 mL/min的流速和254 nm紫外检测波长下对水中痕量苯胺类化合物进行在线富集与分离分析。在0.1,1和10 mg/mL添加水平下,湘江水中苯胺类化合物的回收率为81.9%~91.3%;日内与日间相对标准偏差均低于7.6%。     

催化裂化柴油中芳胺类化合物组成分析

采用酸萃取方法分离出催化柴油中的碱性组分,通过色谱-质谱(Gc-Ms)分析其组成。芳胺化合物是催化裂化柴油中碱性氮化物的主要成分,与吡啶类化合物存在共逸出现象,且具有相同的质谱特征,利用胺类化合物能够与乙酸酐发生乙酰化反应的特性,比较乙酰化前后化合物色谱保留时间和质谱图变化研究芳胺类化合物组成。结果表明,催化裂化柴油中的芳胺类氮化物以C0～C4的烷基苯胺类为主,鉴定了苯基苯胺、茚满胺、萘胺、芴胺及菲胺等胺类化合物。     

固相萃取新装置净化-超高效液相色谱法测定卷烟主流烟气中的苯并[α]芘

研究了用正相固相萃取净化,超高效液相色谱测定卷烟主流烟气中苯并[α]芘的方法。捕集有卷烟主流烟气总粒相物的剑桥滤片置于自主设计的样品萃取瓶中,用环己烷-乙醇(95:5,V/V)超声振荡萃取,提取液用硅胶固相萃取净化,然后以Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(2.1×50 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱为固定相,甲醇为流动相,超高效液相色谱-荧光检测测定;苯并[α]芘检出限为0.22 ng/支,样品加标回收率为89.6%~95.4%,日内相对标准偏差为3.2%,日间相对标准偏差为3.6%;结果令人满意。     

亲水性C16硅胶反相色谱柱分离测定芳香胺类化合物

使用亲水性的C16硅胶反相色谱柱分离了苯胺、间甲苯胺、4-氯苯胺、2,4-二氯苯胺、3,4-二氯苯胺、2,4,6-三氯苯胺、对溴苯胺、2-萘胺及N-硝基-2-萘胺等9种芳香胺类化合物,对影响分离的几种主要条件进行了优化。结果表明以乙腈-水为流动相,使用梯度淋洗程序,这9种芳香胺类化合物可以在大约40min内得到理想分离,分离后的芳香胺类化合物可在紫外检测器上进行检测。该方法对苯胺、间甲苯胺、4-氯苯胺、2,4-二氯苯胺、3,4-二氯苯胺、2,4,6-三氯苯胺、对溴苯胺、2-萘胺及N-硝基-2-萘胺的检出限分别为15、173、0、40、1.21、7、30、30、0.3μg/L。该方法可应用于环境水样中芳香胺类化合物的测定。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.