4-(6-溴-2-苯并噻唑偶氮)邻苯二酚-钛(Ⅳ)-丙酮体系显色反应的研究

新有机试剂4-(6-溴-2-苯并噻唑偶氮)邻苯二酚(6-Br-BTAPC)与钛(Ⅳ)在 pH3.4的40%丙酮水溶液中发生高灵敏显色反应。形成的带负电荷的配合物的组成比为2:1表观稳定常数为3.7×10~9(25℃,μ0.1),λ_(max)为570nm,对比度(Δλ)为130nm,ε_(570)高达9.21×10~4L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。建议了配合物的结构。在0～13μgTi(Ⅳ)/25ml 范围内遵从比耳定律。该法用于工业水和废水中痕量钛的分光光度测定,取得了满意的结果。     

5-溴-吡啶偶氮-5-二乙氨基酚与铕(Ⅲ)的显色反应研究

研究了 5 -溴 -吡啶偶氮 - 5 -二乙氨基酚 ( 5 - Br- PADAP)与 Eu( )的显色反应和光度性质 ,并探讨了其最佳光度分析条件。在 p H5 .0的乙酸盐缓冲溶液中 ,Eu( )与试剂形成了配位比为 1∶ 1的深红色二元配合物 ,配合物的最大吸收峰位于5 5 9nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为 7.8× 1 0 4 L· mol- 1· cm- 1。加标回收实验结果令人满意     

应用2-(5-硝基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺同时测定铑与钯

提出了以 2 - ( 5-硝基 - 2 -吡啶偶氮 ) - 5-二甲氨基苯胺 ( 5- NO2 - PADMA)作为铑、钯同时测定的新光度试剂。钯与试剂可在 0 .3～ 3.9mol/L 的高氨酸介质中形成稳定的配合物 ,其最大吸收位于 62 1 nm处 ;而铑与试剂则在 p H=5.2 5～ 6.75的近中性介质中定量配合 ,配合物一旦形成则很稳定 ,向其中加入强酸酸化该配合物不仅不被分解反而吸收红移、吸光度增大 ,同时二者的吸光度具有良好的加和性。基于二者显色酸度的差异 ,建立了铑、钯同时测定的新方法。方法的灵敏度为 εRh62 0 =1 .39× 1 0 5L·mol-1·cm-1;εPd62 0 =9.4× 1 0 4 L· mol-1·cm-1。铑浓度在 0～ 0 .56、钯浓度在 0～ 1 .4μg·m L-1范围内服从比耳定律。可用于工业样品中微量铑、钯的测定。     

稀土配合物的研究(Ⅸ)——稀土元素与1,5-双(1′-苯基-3′-甲基-5′-氧代吡唑-4′-基)戊二酮-(1,5)配合物的合成及性质

乙醇-水混合体系中合成了15种新的稀土元素的固态配合物,通过元素分析和化学分析确定了配合物的化学组成为RE_2(BPMPPD)_3·nH_2O和Ce(BPMPPD)_2·6H_2O(BPMPPD为1,5-双(1′-苯基-3′-甲基-5′-氧代吡唑-4′-基)戊二酮-[1,5]),对配合物的荧光光谱等性质进行了研究。     

新试剂2-(6-甲基-2-苯并噻唑偶氮)-5-二乙氨基酚与铂的显色反应及配合物结构研究

研究新试剂2-(6-甲基-2-苯并噻唑偶氮)-5-二乙氨基酚(MBTAE)与铂的显色反应。在1-羟基-2-萘甲酸(R)存在下,于pH 5．5的乙酸盐缓冲溶液中,形成配位比为PtMBTAER＝111的三元配合物,λmax＝592nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε＝6．84×104L·mol-1·cm-1。通过配合物的紫外和红外光谱性质,研完了三元配合物的结构,方法应用于催化剂中铂的测定,结果满意。     

2-(6-甲基-2-苯并噻唑偶氮)-5-二乙胺基酚吸光光度法测定微量Co(Ⅱ)

噻唑偶氮类试剂吸光光度法测定钴报道灵敏度均小于 1 .0 5× 1 0 5L· mol- 1 ·cm- 1 [1～ 4] 。本文报道用 2 - ( 6-甲基 - 2 -苯并噻唑偶氮 ) - 5-二乙胺基酚( MBTAE)测定微量钴 ,摩尔吸光系数为 1 .1 5×1 0 5L· mol- 1 · cm- 1 ,是目前同类试剂二元体系测钴灵敏度最高的一种方法。试剂与 Co2 反应迅速 ,配合物可稳定 1 6h。试剂最大吸收波长 λmax为51 5nm,配合物的最大吸收波长λmax为 61 0 nm,对比度 95nm,在 p H5.0的 HOAc- Na OAc介质中 Co∶MBTAE=1∶ 2 ,Co2 浓度在 0～ 2 5μg/ 2 5ml范围内服从比耳定律。方法应用…     

稀土-偶氮胂Ⅲ-铜-邻菲罗啉混合多核配合物显色反应的研究

在弱酸性介质中,稀土与偶氮胂Ⅲ所形成的阴离子配合物,可以与金属-邻菲罗啉配阳离子通过静电引力形成缔合型的混合多核配合物。本文详细地研究了镧-偶氮胂Ⅲ-铜-邻菲罗啉配合物的形成条件以及有关反应机理。配合物的最大吸收峰位于663nm,相应的摩尔吸光系数ε_(663)=1.22×10~5 L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。配合物中各组分的摩尔比La:R:Cu:Phen=1:1:1:3,相应的分子式为[La·R][Cu(phen)_3]。反应曾应用于以铜为主的合成试样中稀土的测定,取得了比较满意的结果。     

1′-苯基-3′-甲基-5′-氧代吡唑-4′-基-甲酰甲酸及1,10-二氮杂菲与稀土元素的三元配合物的合成及性质

用电导滴定法研究了乙醇-水溶液中稀土与1’-苯基-3’-甲基-5’-氧代吡唑-4’-基-甲酰甲酸及1,10-二氮杂菲的配合反应。合成了固态配合物。经化学分析与元素分析确定了配合物的化学组成为Ln_2L_3P_2·nH_2O,通过红外光谱、紫外光谱、~1H NMR谱、差热分析、溶解度等方法对配合物进行了表征,确定Ln_2L_3P_2·nH_2O为双核结构(L为四齿配体,P为二齿配体)。     

1-甲基-1-乙基-3-丁烯基环戊二烯基稀土二氯化物的 合成与表征

报道了1-甲基-1-乙基-3-丁烯基环戊二烯基稀土二氯化物的合成。用元素分析、质谱、红外光谱和核磁共振表征了这类配合物的组成为[C~5H~4C(CH~3)(C~2H~5)CH~2CH＝CH~2]LnCl~2·MgCl~2·THF[Ln=La(1),Nd(2),Sm(3),Gd(4)]。     

稀土硝酸盐与4''''-碘苯并-15-冠-5固态配合物的合成和性质

合成了镧、铈、镨、钕硝酸盐与4′-碘苯并-15-冠-5的固态配合物。化学元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、热重和热差分析、摩尔电导测定以及 X-射线粉末衍射分析表明,配合物皆为1∶1型的溶剂化配合物,除 La(NO_3)_3·L·CH_3CN 外,均含有一分子的结晶水,为非电解质。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

解决能源问题的新途径——光解水制氢的研究

面对日益枯竭的能源危机,氢能是一种洁净、最有前景的替代能源。目前在各种制氢的方法中光催化分解水制氢的研究最多,光解水过程中催化剂最关键,本文对利用太阳能光解水的途径、提高光催化反应效率以及光催化剂的开发研究进行了综述。