基于量子限制的受主带间跃迁太赫兹探测器的制备与测量

使用分子束外延生长设备,在GaAs（100）衬底上生长了量子阱宽度为3 nm的GaAs/AlAs多量子阱样品,并在量子阱层中央进行了Be受主的δ-掺杂。根据量子限制受主从束缚态到非束缚态之间的跃迁,设计并制备了δ-掺杂Be受主GaAs/AlAs多量子阱太赫兹光探测器原型器件。在4.2 K温度下,分别对器件进行了太赫兹光电流谱和暗电流-电压曲线的测量。在6 V直流偏压下,空穴载流子沿量子阱层方向输运。当正入射激光频率为6.8 THz时,器件响应率为2×10^-4 V/W（2 μA/W）。通过器件的暗电流-电压曲线计算了器件全散粒噪声电流,在4.2 K、6 V直流偏压下,全散粒噪声电流为5.03 fA·Hz^-1/2。     

δ-掺杂Be受主GaAs/AlAs多量子阱的空穴共振隧穿（英文）

三个具有不同量子阱宽度的GaAs/AlAs多量子阱结构样品通过分子束外延生长设备生长在半绝缘的(100)p-型GaAs衬底上,并且在量子阱层结构的生长过程中,在GaAs阱层中央进行了Be受主的δ-掺杂。基于这3个结构样品,通过光刻技术和半导体加工工艺制备了相应的两端器件。在4～200 K的温度范围内,我们分别测量了器件的电流-电压特征曲线,清楚地观察到了重、轻空穴通过δ-掺杂Be受主GaAs/AlAs多量子阱结构的共振隧穿现象。发现随着GaAs量子阱层宽的逐渐减小,轻空穴的共振隧穿峰向着高电压方向移动,这个结果和通过AlAs/GaAs/AlAs双势垒结构模型计算的结果是一致的。然而,随着测量温度的进一步升高,两个轻空穴共振峰都朝着低电压的方向移动,并且在150 K温度下,其中一个共振遂穿峰表现为一种振动模式。     

量子限制受主远红外电致发光器件的制备与测量

采用分子束外延技术生长GaAs/AlAs三量子阱,并在中间的GaAs阱中δ-掺杂浅受主杂质Be原子,制作出量子限制受主远红外Teraherz原型电致发光器件.实验上测量得到4.5 K时器件的电致发光谱（EL）和电传输特性（I-V曲线）.在EL发射谱中清楚地观察到222 cm^-1处宽的尖峰,这来源于Be受主奇宇称激发态到其基态的辐射跃迁,而非辐射弛豫过程则使发射谱的信号很弱.另外在I-V曲线中072和186 V的位置出现两个共振隧道贯穿现象,分别对应于中间δ-掺杂量子阱受主能级1s_3/2(Γ₆+Γ₇)到左边非掺GaAs量子阱中HH带,及右边非掺杂GaAs量子阱中HH重空穴带到中间掺杂GaAs量子阱中Be受主杂质原子奇宇称激发态2p_5/2(Γ₆+Γ₇)能级的共振隧穿. 关键词： 量子限制效应 电致发光 共振隧穿效应 δ-掺杂GaAs/AlAs三量子阱     

量子限制受主的光致发光研究

对一系列δ掺杂浅受主铍（Be）原子的GaAs/AlAs多量子阱和均匀掺杂Be受主的GaAs体材料中Be原子的能级间跃迁进行了光致发光（PL）研究.实验中所用的样品是通过分子束外延技术生长的均匀掺杂Be受主的GaAs外延单层样品和一系列GaAs/AlAs多量子阱样品,并在每量子阱中央进行了Be原子的δ掺杂,量子阱宽度为30 到200 ?.在4.2 K温度下测量了上述系列样品的光致发光谱,清楚地观察到了束缚激子的受主从基态1s_3/2（Γ₆）到第一激发态 关键词： 量子限制受主 光致发光 多量子阱 δ掺杂     

太赫兹量子阱光电探测器光栅耦合的模拟与优化

光栅耦合是量子阱光电探测器探测正入射电磁辐射的常用耦合方法,本文采用模式展开法研究了一维金属光栅太赫兹量子阱光电探测器中的电磁场分布,并给出了器件有源区中的平均光强.研究结果表明,若一维光栅的周期与太赫兹波在器件材料中的波长相当,并且根据器件结构选取合理的光栅占空比,可使器件中的平均光场最强,光栅的光耦合效率最高,从而提高器件的响应率. 关键词： 太赫兹 量子阱光电探测器 光栅     

谐振腔增强型光电探测器的角度相关特性研究

采用MBE生长In_0.3Ga_0.7As/GaAs和GaInNAs/GaAs量子阱为有源区的器件结构材料,制备出工作在1060nm及1310nm波段的谐振腔增强型光电探测器.对谐振腔增强型光电探测器的空间角度相关特性进行了实验与物理分析,改变光束入射角度,器件谐振接收波长可在大范围调变.     

高稳定线性调谐GaAs基波长可调谐共振腔增强型探测器

研制了一种GaAs基波长可调谐共振腔增强型探测器. 采用分子束外延设备生长In_0.25Ga_0.75As/GaAs量子阱作为器件的有源区, 无偏压时器件的响应峰波长在1071 nm,器件在21 V的直流调谐电压下,实现了波长大于23 nm的调谐. 统计结果表明,当调谐电压大于5 V时,调谐电压与响应波长之间具有稳定、精确的对应关系, 且近似线性调谐,同时对器件响应峰的特性进行了理论分析. 关键词： GaAs 共振腔增强型探测器 高稳定 线性调谐     

(CdSe)1(ZnSe)3/ZnSe短周期超晶格多量子阱的共振Ramam谱

在(CdSe)₁(ZnSe)₃/ZnSe短周期超晶格多量子阱中,根据一维线性链模型计算的结果与实验结果的比较表明,我们在不同的共振条件下分别观察到了来自多量子阱的阱中和垒中ZnSe限制纵光学声子模的Raman散射。与GaAs/AlAs量子阱的偏振选择定则不同,在共振条件下,我们在两种偏振配置下都观察到了阱中ZnSe限制模LO₁,并认为这种不同可能来源于样品特殊的电子子带结构和光学声子行为。 关键词：     

GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs量子阱能级结构设计与光谱分析

通过理论计算对用于量子阱红外探测器的GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs量子阱能级结构进行模拟设计,将不同生长结构的量子阱材料的光响应谱和光致荧光谱(PL)与计算结果进行比较.说明量子阱生长结构与量子阱能级结构的关系.欲使量子阱红外探测器的响应峰值在8μm附近,则需量子阱结构中阱宽为47nm,垒中Al含量为029.理论计算与测试结果符合得较好. 关键词：     

GaAs/AlAs量子阱中受主束缚能和光致发光

从实验和理论上,研究了量子限制效应对GaAs/AlAs多量子阱中受主对重空穴束缚能的影响。实验中所用的样品是通过分子束外延生长的一系列GaAs/AlAs多量子阱,量子阱宽度为3~20nm,并且在量子阱中央进行了浅受主Be原子的δ-掺杂。在4,20,40,80,120K不同温度下,分别对上述样品进行了光致发光谱测量,观察到了受主束缚激子从基态到激发态的两空穴跃迁,并且从实验上测得了在不同量子阱宽度下受主的束缚能。理论上应用量子力学中的变分原理,数值计算了受主对重空穴束缚能随量子阱宽度的变化关系,比较发现,理论计算和实验结果符合地较好。     

含有AlGaAs插入层的InAs/GaAs三色量子点红外探测器

本文报道了采用分子束外延技术制备的三色InAs/GaAs量子点红外探测器. 器件采用nin型结构, 吸收区结构是在InGaAs量子阱中生长含有AlGaAs插入层的InAs量子点, 器件在77 K下的红外光电流谱有三个峰值: 6.3, 10.2和11 μm. 文中分析了它们的跃迁机制, 并且分别进行了指认. 因为有源区采用了不对称结构, 所以器件在外加偏压正负方向不同时, 光电流谱峰值的强度存在一些差异. 不论在正偏压或者负偏压下, 当偏压达到较高值, 再进一步增大偏压时, 都出现了对应于连续态的跃迁峰强度明显下降的现象, 这是由量子点基态与阱外连续态的波函数交叠随着偏压进一步增大而迅速减小导致的.     

Resonant magnetotunneling through individual self-assembled InAs quantum dots

A single-barrier GaAs/AlAs/GaAs heterostructure, with self-assembled In-based quantum dots incorporated in the AlAs tunnel barrier, exhibits a series of resonant peaks in the low temperature current–voltage characteristics. We argue that each peak arises fromsingle-electrontunneling through thediscrete zero-dimensionalstate of anindividualInAs dot. We use the tunneling for fine probing of the local density of states in the emitter-accumulation layer. Landau-quantized states are resolved at magnetic field B∥ as low as 0.2 T. Spin-splitting of the dot electron states has been observed forB⊥I.     

The photocurrent of resonant tunneling diode controlled by the charging effects of quantum dots

We experimentally studied the photocurrent of AlAs/GaAs/AlAs double barrier resonant tunneling diode (RTD), which is composed of an InAs layer of self-assembled quantum-dots on top of AlAs barrier layer. It is found that the charging InAs quantum dots can effectively modulate the carrier transport properties of the RTD. Moreover, we also found that the resonant tunneling current through a single energy level of an individual quantum dot is extremely sensitive to the photo-excited holes bound nearby the dot, and the presence of the holes lowers the electrostatic energy of the quantum dot state. In addition, it is also observed that the photocurrent behaves like step way with the individual photon pulse excitation when the illumination is low enough. The experiment results well demonstrated the quantum amplified characteristics of the device.     

基于GaAs/InAs-GaAs/ZnSe量子点太阳电池结构的优化

基于GaAs/InAs-GaAs/ZnSe的P-i-N量子点太阳电池结构, 根据光学原理和扩散理论建立了光生电流密度与膜层厚度相关的数学模型, 定量分析了量子点层厚度等参数对太阳电池性能的影响,以期达到提高量子 点太阳电池转换效率的目的.理论模拟表明:在i层厚度取3000 nm时,优化后P(GaAs)型、N(ZnSe)型层 薄膜的最佳膜厚为1541 nm, 78 nm, 并在单一波长下太阳电池转换效率为20.1%;同时量子 点体积和温度对于量子点太阳电池I-V特性也会产生影响, 当量子点体积和温度逐渐增大时, 开路电压呈现减小趋势,使得转换效率降低.     

基于PdSe2/GaAs异质结的高灵敏近红外光伏型探测器的制备和图像传感的应用

本文制备了一种基于PdSe₂/GaAs异质结的高灵敏近红外光电探测器,该探测器是通过将多层PdSe₂薄膜转移到平面GaAs上制成的. 所制备的PdSe₂/GaAs异质结器件在808 nm光照下表现出明显的光伏特性,这表明近红外光电探测器可以用作自驱动器件. 进一步的器件分析表明,这种杂化异质结在零偏电压和808 nm光照下具有1.16×10⁵的高开关比. 光电探测器的响应度和比探测度分别约为171.34 mA/W和2.36×10¹¹ Jones. 而且,该器件显示出优异的稳定性和可靠的重复性. 在空气中2个月后,近红外光电探测器的光电特性几乎没有下降,这归因于PdSe₂的良好稳定性. 最后,基于PdSe₂/GaAs的异质结器件还可以用作近红外光传感器.     

Investigation of the quantum dot infrared photodetectors dark current

Quantum dot infrared photodetectors (QDIPs) are more efficient than other types of semiconductor based photodetectors; so it has become an actively developed field of research. In this paper quantum dot infrared photodetector dark current is evaluated theoretically. This evaluation is based on the model that was developed by Ryzhii et al. Here it is assumed that both thermionic emission and field-assisted tunneling mechanisms determine the dark current of QDIPs; moreover we have considered Richardson effect, which has not been taken into account in previous research. Then a new formula for estimating average number of electrons in a quantum dot infrared photodetector is derived. Considering the Richardson effect and field-assisted tunneling mechanisms in the dark current improves the accuracy of algorithm and causes the theoretical data to fit better in the experiment. The QDIPs dark current temperature and biasing voltage dependency, contribution of thermionic emission and field-assisted tunneling at various temperatures and biasing voltage in the QDIPs dark current are investigated. Moreover, the other parameter effects like quantum dot (QD) density and QD size effect on the QDIPs dark current are investigated.     

InAs/GaAs quantum dot infrared photodetectors with different growth temperatures

InAs/GaAs quantum dot infrared photodetectors were fabricated with quantum dots grown at three different temperatures. Large detection wavelength shift (5–14.5 μm) was demonstrated by changing 40 degrees of the epitaxy temperature. The smaller quantum dots grown at lower temperature generate 14.5 μm responses. The detectivity of the normal incident 15 μm QDIP at 77 K is 3 × 10⁸ cm Hz^1/2/W. A three-color detector was also demonstrated with quantum dots grown at medium temperature. The three-color detection comes from two groups of different sizes of dots within one QD layer. This new type of multicolor detector shows unique temperature tuning behavior that was never reported before.     

基于石墨烯-钙钛矿量子点场效应晶体管的光电探测器

以等离子增强化学气相沉积法制备的石墨烯作为导电沟道材料,将其与无机CsPbI_3钙钛矿量子点结合,设计并制备了石墨烯-钙钛矿量子点场效应晶体管光电探测器.研究和分析了石墨烯作为场效应晶体管的电学特性及其与钙钛矿量子点结合作为光电探测器的光电特性.结果表明,石墨烯在场效应晶体管中表现出良好的电学性质,其与钙钛矿量子点的结合对波长为400 nm的光辐射具有明显的光响应,在光强为12μW时器件光生电流最大为64μA,响应率达6.4 A·W~(-1),对应的光电导增益和探测率分别为3.7×10~4,6×10~7Jones(1 Jones=1 cm·Hz~(1/2)·W~(-1)).     

Resonant tunneling of electrons through single self-assembled InAs quantum dot studied by conductive atomic force microscopy

Resonant tunneling of electrons through a quantum level in single self-assembled InAs quantum dot (QD) embedded in thin AlAs barriers has been studied. The embedded InAs QDs are sandwiched by 1.7-nm-thick AlAs barriers, and surface InAs QDs, which are deposited on 8.3 nm-thick GaAs cap layer, are used as nano-scale electrodes. Since the surface InAs QD should be vertically aligned with a buried one, a current flowing via the buried QD can be measured with a conductive tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM) brought in contact with the surface QD-electrode. Negative differential resistance attributed to electron resonant tunneling through a quantized energy level in the buried QD is observed in the current–voltage characteristics at room temperature. The effect of Fermi level pinning around nano-scale QD-electrode on resonance voltage and the dependence of resonance voltage on the size of QD-electrodes are investigated, and it has been demonstrated that the distribution of the resonance voltages reflects the size variation of the embedded QDs.