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1.
旨在探索感染不同等级赤霉病的小麦中主要成分含量变化引起的傅里叶中红外光谱信息响应,并结合模式识别方法实现基于傅里叶变换中红外光谱的小麦赤霉病等级无损检测。以感染不同等级赤霉病小麦为研究对象,在4 000~400 cm-1波数范围内采集95个小麦样本的傅里叶中红外光谱数据,利用载荷系数法(XLW)与随机森林算法(RF)分析选取小麦样本傅里叶中红外光谱中的敏感波长,利用稀疏表示分类(SRC)算法建模识别小麦感染赤霉病等级。结果表明:XLW算法和RF算法选择的特征波长作为定性分析模型的输入时模型鉴别准确率与全波段光谱数据作输入时均达90%以上,特征波长提取算法可以有效简化模型并提高效率。RF-SRC模型鉴别效果最好,建模集鉴别准确率达97%,测试集鉴别准确率达96%。小麦感染赤霉病等级的不同会引起小麦中水分、淀粉、纤维素、可溶性氮素、蛋白质、脂肪等物质含量的变化,采用RF算法选择的特征波长均反映了这些物质所对应的傅里叶中红外光谱透射光谱特征的差异,结合SRC模型进行小麦赤霉病等级鉴别可达到最好的鉴别效果。因此,利用傅里叶中红外光谱技术结合模式识别方法对小麦赤霉病等级鉴别是可行的,解释了傅里叶中红外光谱技术检测小麦赤霉病等级的机理。  相似文献   
2.
报道了一种基于硅光电信增管(SiPM)的时间相关多光子计数(TCMPC)技术并将其应用于时间分辨拉曼散射测量。相比于常规基于光电倍增管(PMT)或单光子雪崩二极管(SPAD)的时间相关单光子(TCSPC)技术,由于SiPM可以分辨信号脉冲的具体光子数,基于SiPM的TCMPC技术消除了信号脉冲包含的光子数必须小于等于1的限制,光子计数效率提高了10倍以上,大大节省了测量时间。此外,多光子测量比单光子测量能够得到更好的时间分辨率,时间分辨拉曼散射系统的仪器响应函数(IRF)从单光子81.4 ps缩短至双光子59.7 ps,因而可以用更窄的时间门限抑制荧光本底等噪声对拉曼散射测量的影响。使用TCMPC技术测量CCl4在0.5和1.5 p.e.两个不同光子数阈值的拉曼峰的峰本比,后者较高的光子数阈值能进一步降低SiPM暗计数噪声的影响,增加了拉曼信号测量的信噪比,测量得到的CCl4 459 cm-1拉曼峰的峰本比是前者的6.4倍。将所述新的拉曼散射测量技术与基于PMT和锁相放大器(LIA)的传统拉曼散射测量技术进行了比较研究,前者由于可以使用仅有数十皮秒的测量门限,可以有效抑制荧光、环境杂散光和SiPM暗计数等噪声的影响,所得光谱具有更好的峰本比,测得CCl4的459 cm-1拉曼峰和Si的一阶拉曼峰的峰本比分别是后者的3.9倍和5.5倍。  相似文献   
3.
The detection of low-level light is a key technology in various experimental scientific studies. As a photon detector, the silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) has gradually become an alternative to the photomultiplier tube (PMT) in many applications in high-energy physics, astroparticle physics, and medical imaging because of its high photon detection efficiency (PDE), good resolution for single-photon detection, insensitivity to magnetic field, low operating voltage, compactness, and low cost. However, primarily because of the geometric fill factor, the PDE of most SiPMs is not very high; in particular, for those SiPMs with a high density of micro cells, the effective area is small, and the bandwidth of the light response is narrow. As a building block of the SiPM, the concept of the backside-illuminated avalanche drift detector (ADD) was first proposed by the Max Planck Institute of Germany eight years ago; the ADD is promising to have high PDE over the full energy range of optical photons, even ultraviolet light and X-ray light, and because the avalanche multiplication region is very small, the ADD is beneficial for the fabrication of large-area SiPMs. However, because of difficulties in design and fabrication, no significant progress had been made, and the concept had not yet been verified. In this paper, preliminary results in the design, fabrication, and performance of a backside-illuminated ADD are reported; the difficulties in and limitations to the backside-illuminated ADD are analyzed.  相似文献   
4.
We propose a rapid spectral matching method by lowering number of comparisons, processing time can be saved. Firstly, 1-norm is chosen as length measure of spectrum, and with this criterion, a 1-norm database is built. Secondly, a subspace is constructed from the whole reference library by retaining the references with the most similar 1-norm values. Finally, matching operations are performed in the subspace to obtain the match result. Simulations of geological mapping with ASTER spectral library show that the proposed method can significantly reduce processing time and enhance accuracy compared with traditional and dimension reduction methods.  相似文献   
5.
Resonant cavity enhancement (RCE) typed optical detector and modulator which operating at wavelength band of 1.06 μm is reported. The peak quantum efficiency of detector is reasonably high as 50% without bias, and the photocurrent contrast ratio of modulator is 3.6 times at -3.5 V as compared to 0 V. The incident angle dependence of RCE device's photoelectric response is investigated carefully.  相似文献   
6.
海洋赤潮温度盐度双参数检测技术研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
林宏  梁琨  王新民  李卫中 《应用光学》2012,33(2):327-332
 针对海洋赤潮的实时监测和预报,提出了一种通过检测海水中布里渊散射回波信号,获取海洋赤潮水体温度和盐度分布信息的双参数检测技术。通过分析布里渊散射理论,建立基于机载蓝绿激光雷达的布里渊散射信号频移量和布里渊散射信号能量与海水温度和盐度的关系模型。通过仿真计算,可由海水中的蓝绿激光布里渊散射回波信号的频移量和能量,分别得出海表及海水50 m深度以内温度和盐度的分布情况,从而可以实现海水温度和盐度的双参数实时获取,为实时判断海洋赤潮的消长过程提供理论依据。  相似文献   
7.
林宏  梁琨  王新民  卢金军 《应用光学》2011,32(3):486-491
 通过研究分析海水中几种主要物质的固有光学特性,提出了基于生物光学算法的机载蓝绿激光雷达检测海洋悬浮粒子的方法。针对海洋悬浮粒子的两类代表物质浮游植物和非色素悬浮粒子,采用生物光学算法,分别构建了基于机载蓝绿激光雷达的浮游植物叶绿素浓度检测模型和非色素悬浮粒子浓度的检测模型。仿真计算可以证明这两个检测模型能有效探测出浮游植物叶绿素浓度的大小和非色素悬浮粒子浓度,为实际海洋悬浮粒子的检测提供理论基础和技术支持。  相似文献   
8.
GaAs基谐振腔增强型光电探测器   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文报道了利用MBE和MOCVD方法生长外延材料并制作出GaAs基谐振腔增强型光电探测器,进行理论分析和实验研究的结果。  相似文献   
9.
基于布里渊后向散射的海水温度与盐度同步测量研究   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
马泳  梁琨  林宏  冀航 《光学学报》2008,28(8):1508-1512
基于布里渊散射信号的检测可实现对海水温度等参量的监测.由于海水的布里渊频移量是关于温度和盐度的二元函数,故无法仅通过布里渊散射频移量的检测实现对海水温度和盐度两个独立变量的精确测定.研究表明布里渊信号的功率也是关于温度和盐度的二元函数,所以文章提出通过测量布里渊频移量和接收布里渊信号功率大小,通过两个二元函数反演出海水的温度与盐度数值,实现对海水温度和盐度两个独立变量的同步测量.  相似文献   
10.
Anode floating voltage is predicted and investigated for silicon drift detectors (SDDs) with an active area of 5 mm2 fabricated by a double-side parallel technology. It is demonstrated that the anode floating voltage increases with the increasing inner ring voltage, and is almost unchanged with the external ring voltage. The anode floating voltage will not be affected by the back electrode biased voltage until it reaches the full-depleted voltage (-50 V) of the SDD. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the anode floating voltage is equal to the sum of the inner ring voltage and the built-in potential between the p+ inner ring and the n+ anode. A fast checking method before detector encapsulation is proposed by employing the anode floating voltage along with checking the leakage current, potential distribution and drift properties.  相似文献   
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