水溶液中几种苯衍生物与β-环糊精包合物的热力学研究

β 环糊精 (β Ｃｙｃｌｏｄｅｘｔｒｉｎ ,β ＣＤ)是由 7个葡萄糖残基以α 1 ,4 糖苷键连接而成的环状化合物 ,具有疏水的空腔和亲水的外表面。这种特殊的结构使它可以作为宿主 (主体 )而依疏水作用力、范德华力或氢键包合多种客体分子形成包合物[1～ 3] ,并可增强客体分子对光、热、氧化等的稳定性[4,5] 。有机物质与 β ＣＤ形成包合物后通常会发生光谱等特征的变化 ,因此可用光谱等方法研究包合物的稳定常数[4] ,并进而获得水溶液中包合体系的热力学参数[6 ] 。本文采用紫外分光光度法 ,研究水溶液中几种苯衍生物与β ＣＤ包合物的稳定…     

5,11,17,23-四叔丁基-25,26,27,28-四[3-(甲氧基羰基)苄氧基]杯[4]芳烃包合性能的研究

杯芳烃是继冠醚和环糊精后的第三代主体化合物 .这类主体分子不仅可以识别和络合阳离子 ,而且还具有包合中性有机分子的性能 [1～ 5] .杯 [4]芳烃类包合物的晶体结构测定表明 ,它们可分为分子内和分子间包合两种类型 [3 ,5] ,前者是客体分子被包合在主体分子的空穴内 ,后者是客体分子被包合在主体分子之间 .对叔丁基杯 [4]芳烃的下沿酚氧基与上沿均可进行化学修饰得到不同的杯 [4]芳烃衍生物 .最早报道的对叔丁基杯 [4]芳烃及其衍生物的分子内包合物是与甲苯或乙腈的 1∶ 1包合物 [4 ,5] ,客体分子依靠 CH3 -π的作用被包结在主体分子内[6]…     

香兰素β-环糊精包合物的纯度和结构特征研究

β 环糊精 ( β Ｃｙｃｌｏｄｅｘｔｒｉｎ ,β ＣＤ)是由 7个葡萄糖残基以α 1 ,4 糖苷键连接而成的环状化合物 ,具有疏水性的空腔和亲水的外表面 ,这种特殊的结构 ,使它可以作为宿主 (主体 )包合多种客体分子而形成包合物[1～3] ,从而改善客体分子对光、热、氧化等的稳定性。无毒的 β ＣＤ与香料分子的包合物已成功地应用于食品工业 ,食品增香剂香兰素在空气中易氧化变质 ,经 β ＣＤ包合后其抗氧化能力得到明显提高[4] 。本文通过ＸＲＤ和ＤＳＣ分析 ,研究了介质环境和结晶时间的变化及制备方法对香兰素 β ＣＤ包合物的纯度和结构特征…     

七、八元瓜环与二溴化1,n-亚烷基-二-2-甲基吡啶的超分子自组装

合成和表征了4个碳链长度不同二溴化1,n-亚烷基-二-2-甲基吡啶(客体,n=6,8,10,12),利用1H NMR技术、热重分析及紫外吸收光谱法考察了这些客体与七、八元瓜环(主体)的相互作用,以及形成的主客体包结物的结构特征.研究结果表明4个客体与七、八元瓜环形成不同的主客体包合物.七元瓜环可穿梭在线性客体分子上形成类轮烷型或哑铃型主客体包合物;而由于具有较大的空腔,八元瓜环可包容弯曲状的整个客体分子.     

4-磺酸基杯芳烃[6]对喜树碱的包合作用

采用荧光光谱研究了抗癌药物喜树碱(CPT)与4-磺酸基杯芳烃[6](SCX6)间的相互作用,结果表明二者形成了1∶1的包合物.通过计算测得包合物的结合常数和二者形成过程的热力学参数,主体分子和离子型客体之间除了通常的疏水作用力还有额外的静电作用力.包合物的形成提高了喜树碱的溶解度并保护了活性内酯环结构.     

甲氧基柱[5]芳烃对苯并唑类杂环化合物的主客体作用研究

利用甲氧基柱[5]芳烃(DMP5)作为主体分别与中性苯并噁唑(G2)、苯并咪唑(G3)和苯并噻唑(G1,G4,G5和G6)等6种客体分子成功地构筑了一种主客体包合物,该包合物是基于苯并唑类杂环化合物穿入到柱[5]芳烃的空腔中形成1∶1主客体包结构型.此外,甲氧基柱[5]芳烃(DMP5)与不同的苯并唑类杂环客体都能形成稳定的新型主客体包结物,且与原主客体化合物相比较,主客体包结物的形成可以导致强的荧光强度的改变.对该主客体系统作用通过高分辨质谱和核磁氢谱等进行了研究.     

β-环糊精与有机胺之间包合作用的理论与实验研究

通过实验和理论计算方法研究了β-环糊精(CD)与乙二胺1及它的三个类似物: 二乙烯三胺2、三乙胺3和乙二胺四乙酸4之间的包合作用. 利用旋光法确定了β-CD与客体分子形成1:1型主–客体包合物, 在298.2 K下测定了包合物在水中的稳定常数(K). 采用半经验PM3方法考察了β-CD与短链脂肪胺1~7、环状脂肪胺8~11以及芳香胺12~13的分子间结合能力, 报道了β-CD与这些客体分子间的包合络合过程并讨论了这些包合体系之间的包合差异性. 变形能和水合能对包合体系的相互作用能的贡献均相当小. β-CD包合物的稳定性取决于主、客体分子之间的尺寸匹配. 对于β-CD与客体1~4形成的包合物而言, 旋光法测定的包合物的K值的顺序与PM3计算得到的包合物络合能绝对值的排序有很好的一致性.     

β-环糊精包合物的结构研究

β 环糊精 (简称 β ＣＤ)是由 7个葡萄糖残基以α 1 ,4 糖苷键连接而成的环状化合物 ,具有亲水的外围及疏水的内腔 ,在溶液中可与多种有机物形成包合物[1,2 ].因 β ＣＤ对客体分子的形状、大小和极性等具有选择性[3],因而可能形成不同物质的量的比的结构模型包合物 .有关包合物制备及物质的量的比确定的文献报道很多[4 ,5 ],但研究包合物结构模型的文献却不多见 .本文用ＤＳＣ确定了 β ＣＤ与胆固醇、癸二酸和香兰素包合物的最佳物质的量的比 ,用ＸＲＤ分析包合物晶体的结构周期 ,得到较明显的 2倍于 β ＣＤ内腔高度的结构周期和“头头…     

反式-9, 10-二氢-9, 10-二(1-萘基)-9, 10-菲二醇的包合现象 与晶体结构

按文献方法合成了一个螯形主体分子,反式-9,10-二氢-9,10-二(1-萘基)-9,10-菲二醇。研究发现该主体可以和一些含氮杂环化合物形成一定比例的晶体包合物。用X-射线衍射分析二环己胺包合物的晶体结构表明,包合物中主客体之间存在O-H…N氢键相互作用,客体分子包合在主体分子形成的空腔中。     

β-环糊精与联苯类衍生物的包合物研究

本文研究了β-环糊精(主体)与联苯及其衍生物(客体)的包合反应。用多种谱学方法对固体包合物进行了表征, 由连续变量法确定了主-客体包合物组成均为2:1, 根据高分辨核磁共振光谱主体内腔质子(3-H)化学位移的变化求出了包合物的稳定常数, 对包合物的形成进行了初步讨论。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.