超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱快速分析人参根中的皂甙化合物

建立了超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱快速分析人参根部提取物中的皂甙类化合物的方法。色谱柱为HSS T3超高效液相色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm);以15 mmol/L甲酸铵水溶液-乙腈为流动相,采用二元梯度洗脱的方式对人参主根的皂甙提取物进行分离。基于待测目标物的多级质谱碎片离子、精确质量等信息,结合9种人参皂甙标准化合物的多级质谱碎片离子质谱图,共鉴定出人参主根提取物中27种皂甙类化合物。在确定的条件下,以9种人参皂甙标样为研究对象,进行了全面的方法学考察,发现它们的线性范围分别为0.33～9.00 mg/L (Rg1), 0.11～9.00 mg/L (Re), 0.02～2.00 mg/L (Rf), 0.07～6.00 mg/L (Rg2), 0.04～3.00 mg/L (Rb1, Rb3), 0.22～6.00 mg/L (Rc), 0.04～9.00 mg/L (Rb2, Rd);在中等加标浓度时,经内标物峰面积校正的9种皂甙标准化合物的峰面积的相对标准偏差(RSD)不高于11.3%;低、中、高3个质量浓度加标水平的回收率范围分别为90%～100%、98%～104%及96%～103%;最低检出限为3.5～18.5 μg/L。该方法具有高分辨、快捷、简便、可靠等特点,并成功地应用于分析同一产地、不同生长时间的人参干燥主根中皂甙的差异。可以预计此方法可进一步应用于各种人参原料和制品中皂甙的快速测定。     

固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定人参、人参叶与人参花中10种人参皂苷含量

该文建立了超高效液相色谱－三重四极杆质谱测定人参、人参叶和人参花中10种主要人参皂苷的方法。采用Alumina－N/XAD-2 SPE Cartridge复合固相萃取柱净化样品,通过Hypersil Gold C18色谱柱（100 mm × 2.1 mm,1.9 μm）,以5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液（含0.1%甲酸）和乙腈为流动相进行分离,在电喷雾离子源负离子模式下,以多反应监测方式（MRM）检测。结果表明,10 种人参皂苷在5 ~ 2 500 ng/mL质量浓度范围内具有很好的线性关系,相关系数（r）均不小于0.998 0,检出限和定量下限分别为0.25 ~ 2.5 mg/kg和0.75 ~ 7.5 mg/kg。以人参叶为典型样品,在不同浓度加标水平下的平均回收率为87.3% ~ 110%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.4% ~ 9.3%。对不同批次的人参、人参叶和人参花检测结果表明,人参叶、人参花含有与人参相似的人参皂苷成分,且部分人参皂苷单体和10种主要人参皂苷总量远大于人参根部。该方法净化效果好,灵敏度高,重复性好,为人参资源的综合评价和全面控制提供了可靠的检测方法,同时为人参资源的开发和利用提供了基础资料。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定人参中申嗪霉素的残留

建立了液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱测定人参中申嗪霉素残留量的分析方法。人参样品经水浸泡,乙腈提取,分散固相萃取净化,色谱分离后,采用ESI-MS/MS在正离子多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行检测,选择定量离子对为m/z 225.1/179.1,定性离子对为m/z 225.1/125.1,外标法定量。该方法对于人参中申嗪霉素的定量下限为0.01 mg/kg,在0.5~10μg/L质量浓度范围内,峰面积与含量呈良好线性关系,相关系数大于0.99。对人参中申嗪霉素在0.01,0.02,0.10 mg/kg加标水平下的回收率为82%~100%,相对标准偏差均不大于6.8%。结果表明,该方法操作简单、快速,灵敏度和准确度高,可满足人参中申嗪霉素残留量的检测要求。     

HPLC测定中药渣中人参皂苷Rg_1、Re与Rb_1含量

建立了一种利用反相高效液相色谱检测中药渣中人参皂苷Rg_1、Re和Rb_1含量的分析方法。考察了提取试剂、提取温度、提取溶剂倍量、提取时间对提取效果的影响,最终将样品以10倍体积的70%甲醇于40℃水浴中超声提取0.5 h。采用Zorbax SB-C_(18)(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)柱分离,以乙腈和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 m L/min,进样量为20μL,柱温为20℃,检测波长为203 nm,采用外标法定量。在该条件下,人参皂苷Rg_1、Re、Rb_1分别在18.74~257.61、37.48~468.54、3.88~96.93 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r~20.999)。人参皂苷Rg_1、Re和Rb_1的定量下限(S/N=10)分别为17.69、13.94、1.14 mg/L。3个不同浓度的加标回收率为89.1%~107%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=3)为0.6%~4.1%。该方法具有操作简便快捷、检测灵敏度高等特点。     

气相色谱法测定铁皮石斛、浙贝母和人参中嘧菌酯残留

本文建立了铁皮石斛、浙贝母和人参三种中药材中嘧菌酯的残留检测方法。样品采用乙腈提取,二氯甲烷液-液萃取,弗罗里硅土-中性氧化铝-活性炭柱层析净化,乙酸乙酯定容,气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(GC-ECD)检测,基质外标法定量。结果表明:在0.01~1.0mg/L范围内,不同基质中嘧菌酯的峰面积与其质量浓度间呈良好线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999;在0.01、0.1和0.5mg/kg的添加水平下,嘧菌酯在3种中药材基质中的平均回收率为85.0%~94.9%,日内相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于5.2%(n=5),日间RSD均小于6.7%(n=15);其在铁皮石斛、浙贝母和人参基质中的检出限(LOD)为0.002~0.004mg/kg,定量限(LOQ)均为0.01mg/kg。方法的准确度和精密度均满足残留分析要求,适用于铁皮石斛、浙贝母和人参中嘧菌酯的检测。     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定人参根中人参皂苷的含量

应用高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测(HPLC/ELSD)系统和微波辅助萃取技术,采用梯度洗脱的方法研究了人参根中人参皂苷的萃取和分离测定;同时研究了人参皂苷含量随人参年龄的变化。结果表明,该方法快速,简单,分离测定准确,可靠。人参皂苷浓度在0.025~0.500 g/L的范围内与信号强度值成线性关系;加样回收率为85%~104%;日内精密度≤2.60%;日间精密度≤6.00%。随着人参年龄的增长,人参根中的人参皂苷含量也增加。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定人参皂甙Compound-K的含量

人参皂甙compound-K(C-K)在人参中的含量极低,但它是其他含量较高的人参皂甙Rb1和Rb2等在人体肠道内的主要 降解产物和最终吸收形式,具有很高的生物活性。采用反相高效液相色谱法测定了人参总皂甙发酵液中C-K的含量。色谱 条件为:反相C18柱;乙腈-水(体积比为48∶52)溶液为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min;紫外检测波长203 nm;柱温35 ℃;外标法 定量。结果表明:C-K的质量浓度为0.05~0.8 g/L时,其峰面积与质量浓度具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9998。方法 的检测限(S/N=3)为2.5 mg/L,峰面积测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.20%。测定栽培人参总皂甙及三七茎叶总皂甙微生 物发酵液中C-K的平均加标回收率(n=3)分别为98.6%和99.7%。该方法快速简便,准确可靠,可用于C-K的制备研究及药物 开发。     

人参多糖对人参皂苷Re体内代谢和体外转化的影响

利用快速分离液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱联用仪(RRLC/Q-TOF-MS)研究了人参多糖对肠道菌群转化人参皂苷Re的影响;考察了人参皂苷Re的代谢产物Rg1在口服人参多糖大鼠体内的药代动力学,并与正常大鼠体内Rg1的药代动力学参数进行了比较.结果表明,体外肠道菌群转化人参皂苷Re的主要转化产物有人参皂苷Rg1,Rh1,Rg2,F1和原人参三醇(Protopanaxatriol,PPT),分别归属于3条转化路径;正常情况下,肠道菌群转化人参皂苷Re 48 h时,除了终产物PPT的存在,中间产物Rg1,Rg2和F1仍可被检测到,而加入人参多糖后,只检测到终产物PPT.当口服给药Re后,代谢产物Rg1的达峰时间(tmax)、最大血浆浓度(cmax)和血浆药物浓度-时间曲线下面积(AUC)分别为(11.6±6.1) h,(80.1±44.0) ng/m L和(549.3±209.4) ng·h/m L;当给予人参多糖14 d后,口服给药Re,代谢产物Rg1的tmax,cmax和AUC分别为(8.2±5.4) h,(98.2±50.6) ng/m L和(691.9±231.2) ng·h/m L.研究结果表明,人参多糖能促进人参皂苷Re转化为人参皂苷Rg1,进而提高胃肠道对人参皂苷Rg1的吸收,并可能增强人参的药理作用.     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱法测定人参中5种原人参二醇型人参皂苷的含量

建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱测定人参中5种原人参二醇型人参皂苷的方法。人参药材经粉碎后通过水饱和正丁醇溶液进行超声提取,经过亲水作用固相萃取柱净化后,在ACQUITY UPLC BEH Shield RP18色谱柱（100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm）上分离,利用乙腈/水作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用光电二极管阵列检测器检测。结果表明,5种原人参二醇型人参皂苷在5~500 μg/mL范围内具有很好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999。方法精密度的RSD值在0.95%~2.62%（n=6）之间,22 h内样品稳定性的RSD值在0.90%~2.15%（n=8）之间,日内和日间重复性的RSD值分别为5.35%~6.47%（n=6）和5.56%~6.34%（n=8）。方法的加标回收率在87.16%~101.92%之间,相对标准偏差在1.54%~4.01%（n=6）之间。所建立的方法采用亲水作用色谱模式的固相萃取材料,药材的提取液可直接作为固相萃取的上样溶液进行人参皂苷的富集和净化,并且超高效液相色谱大大缩短了分析时间。该方法简单快速、通量高、重现性好,适用于人参中5种原人参二醇型人参皂苷的定量分析。     

泡沫浮选法分离富集三七中的4种人参皂苷

采用泡沫浮选法对三七提取液中的人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rb1和Rd进行了分离富集,并用高效液相色谱法分别测定了含量.考察了浮选液浓度、浮选时间、浮选液pH值、氮气流速和电解质NaCl浓度对浮选效率的影响.结果表明:泡沫浮选法对4种皂苷均有较好的分离富集效果,尤其是对人参二醇型皂苷(Rb1,Rd)效果更为明显.当浮选液浓度为2.0 mg/mL,pH值为2～3,氮气流速为20 mL/min,浮选时间10 min,电解质氯化钠浓度0.20 mol/L,泡沫浮选效果最佳.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定肉制品中的6种食品添加剂

建立了同时测定肉制品中化学性质差异较大的6种常用食品添加剂的高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析方法。根据6种添加剂(苯甲酸(钠)、山梨酸(钾)、糖精钠、安赛蜜、诱惑红和胭脂红)的化学性质,对HPLC分析条件进行了详细的优化。结果表明:以ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18柱(150mm×4.6mm,5μm)为分析柱,以甲醇和20mmol/L醋酸铵溶液(pH为6.9)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在235nm波长下进行检测,可以在18min内完成6种添加剂的同时测定。在高、低两个加标浓度下,样品的回收率为80.7%～94.4%,相对标准偏差(n=3)为2.0%～7.1%。结果表明,该方法快速、准确,能够同时分析测定肉制品中上述6种食品添加剂。     

Simultaneous quantification of five major biologically active ingredients of saffron by high-performance liquid chromatography.

A simple, sensitive and specific high-performance liquid chromatography-UV (HPLC-UV) method has been developed for the first time to simultaneously quantify the five major biologically active ingredients of saffron, namely crocin 1, crocin 2, crocin 3, crocin 4 and crocetin. Calibration curves were derived by spiking authentic compounds and internal standard, 13-cis-retinoic acid, into herbal samples prior to extraction. Extraction was conducted simply by stirring dried herb (20 mg) with 80% aqueous methanol (5 ml) at ambient temperature in the dark for 2 h. The HPLC assay was performed on a reversed-phase C18 column with linear gradient elution using methanol and 1% aqueous acetic acid. Calibrations were linear (r2 = 0.999) for all five analytes, with overall intra- and inter-day RSDs of less than 11%. The assay was successfully applied to the determination of four crocins and crocetin in three saffron samples and two Zhizi, another crocin-containing herb. Results indicate that the developed HPLC assay can be readily utilized as a quality control method for crocin-containing medicinal herbs.     

超声萃取-高效液相色谱法测定烟草中β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-3-氧代-α-紫罗兰醇苷

建立了一种用超声波辅助萃取-高效液相法测定烟草中β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-3-氧代-α-紫罗兰醇苷含量的新方法。以甲醇为萃取溶剂,超声萃取条件经过正交实验优化,优化后的条件为料液比1:40(m/V,g/mL)、萃取功率160W,萃取时间20 min。所得萃取液经大孔吸附树脂柱层析法分离后,用Waters SunFireC18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱分离,紫外检测器(波长为243nm)检测,流动相为V(乙腈):V(水)=20:80;流速1 mL/min。β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-3-氧代-α-紫罗兰醇苷在0.01～1 mg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9994,相对标准偏差为1.8%,检出限为0.05μg/mL,平均回收率为87.80%。该方法适用于β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-3-氧代-α-紫罗兰醇苷的定量分析。     

Determination of antiviral nucleoside analogues AM365 and AM188 in perfusate and bile of the isolated perfused rat liver using HPLC

Development, validation and application of an HPLC assay for new antiviral nucleoside analogues AM365 and AM188 in isolated perfused rat liver perfusate and bile were performed. An analytical column (Phenosphere-NEXT, 250 x 4.6 mm, C(18), 4 microm, Phenomenex) was used in tandem with a guard column (4 x 3 mm, C(18), Phenomenex) and operated at 25 degrees C. The mobile phase [methanol:10 mmol/L sodium orthophosphate buffer (pH 7.0), 15:85, v/v] was pumped at 1 mL/min. The signal from a diode array detector was collected from 190 to 300 nm. The chromatogram was processed at 220 and 252 nm for AM365 and AM188, respectively. The HPLC method was validated by six intraday and seven interday runs. Standard curves were linear in the range 0.125-8.00 microg/mL for AM365 and AM188, and the lower limit of quantification for AM365 and AM188 was 0.125 microg/mL. Mean interday precision and accuracy of IPL perfusate quality control samples were within 8.8%, and mean intraday precision and accuracy were within 13.1%. The assay has been successfully used in the study of metabolism and disposition of AM365 in the isolated perfused rat liver.     

Liquid chromatography determination of natural dyes in extracts from historical Scottish textiles excavated from peat bogs

Textiles excavated from Scottish sites belonging now to the collections of the National Museums of Scotland, including seventeenth century textiles from peat bogs in the Scottish Highlands and Islands, were selected for analysis by high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (PDA HPLC) to detect whether any dyes remained and, if so, to identify their biological sources. Dye components were identified in 36 of the 81 samples analysed. Although it was not possible to identify the exact sources of the dyestuffs because of the wide-spread occurrence of these natural dyes components, the study has shown that textiles previously not thought to have been coloured had detectable traces of dye. Before the historical textiles were analyzed, an improved extraction procedure that combined the routine acid hydrolysis method with one using dimethylformamide (DMF) was applied. The DMF method enabled increased recovery of major flavonoid and anthraquinoid compounds, and very high efficiency of recovery of indigotin even in textiles with no colour visible, thereby complementing the acid hydrolysis method already in use. Extracts from historical thread samples were analysed by PDA HPLC using a reversed-phase gradient system comprising of a C18 column (150 mm x 4.6 mm i.d., 25 +/- 1 degrees C) with water, methanol and o-phosphoric acid at an eluent flow rate of 1.2 ml/min. A preliminary investigation to improve the detection limits further for a selection of natural dyes was made by comparing results from the 4.6mm internal diameter (i.d.) column with a narrow bore C18 column (2.1 mm i.d.). An increase in the detector response was observed for narrow-bore column proving its possibility of enhancement of sensitivity.     

三尖杉悬浮培养细胞中hinokiol的定量分析

建立了高效液相色谱分析三尖杉悬浮培养细胞中次生代谢产物的方法,实现了次生代谢产物的分离以及hinokiol的定量分析。样品经甲醇提取后,再用氨水-氯仿萃取。采用Apollo C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)进行分离,流动相为甲醇-水,梯度洗脱,柱温为30 ℃,检测波长为290 nm,流速为1 mL/min。在0.0125~0.2 g/L范围内,hinokiol的色谱峰面积与质量浓度之间具有良好的线性关系。采用该方法测定了实际样品中hinokiol的含量,并进行了3个水平的加标回收试验,其回收率为87.2%～94.7%,相对标准偏差(n=3)为0.9%~4.2%。该方法可靠、重现性好,适合对植物培养细胞中的hinokiol进行分析。     

Development and validation of a reversed-phase HPLC method for quantitative determination of ginsenosides Rb1, Rd, F2, and compound K during the process of biotransformation of ginsenoside Rb1

A simple and rapid gradient RP-HPLC method for simultaneous separation and determination of related ginsenosides during the process of biotransformation of ginsenoside Rb1 has been developed. As many as four process ginsenosides have been separated and identified on an Eclipse XDB C(18) column (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 mum) with gradient elution using water and ACN as a mobile phase. The column was maintained at 30 degrees C and the eluents were monitored with diode array detection at 203 nm. The method was validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, precision, and accuracy. The correlation coefficients (r) for calibration curves of ginsenosides were in the range of 0.9996-1.0000. The proposed RP-HPLC method was successfully applied to the analysis of fermentation broth and the recoveries of ginsenosides were in the range of 94.4-103.1% with RSD <2.87%. The method could be of use for rapid and routine evaluation of the quantity of ginsenosides during the biotransformation process of ginsenoside Rb1.     

反相高效液相法测定穿心莲药材及其制剂中的穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯

 发展了穿心莲药材及其中成药中两种主要成分穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯的反相高效液相测定方法。采用甲醇振荡提取法进行样品前处理 ,在以乙腈 水为流动相作梯度洗脱、ODS柱、检测波长为 2 2 5nm的条件下 ,穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯在 1 5min内可达到基线分离。两种内酯在 1 0mg/L～ 1 0 0mg/L时其浓度与峰面积成良好的线性关系 ,加标回收率为 96 %～ 1 0 4 %。     

Validated method for bioactive lignans in Schisandra chinensis in vitro cultures using a solid phase extraction and a monolithic column application

A simple and rapid method for determination of six lignans found in plant cell cultures of Schisandra chinensis was developed and validated. The lignans were extracted from plant samples with methanol and the extracts were effectively cleaned by solid‐phase extraction using Strata C18‐E (Phenomenex) cartridges. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a Chromolith Performance RP‐18e monolithic column (100 × 4.6 mm, Merck) using an isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile and water in a 50:50 (v/v) ratio. The eluent was monitored at 220 nm. The baseline separation of schizandrin, gomisin A, deoxyschizandrin, γ‐schizandrin, gomisin N and wuweizisu C was achieved in a relatively short time period (20 min), which was made possible by the relatively high flow rate of the mobile phase (2 mL/min). The lower limit of quantitation was 0.1 mg/L for schizandrin and gomisin A, 0.3 mg/L for deoxyschizandrin, γ‐schizandrin, and gomisin N and 1 mg/L for wuweizisu C. The analysis of spiked samples containing six lignans provided absolute recoveries between 93 and 101% in all cases. The validated method was successfully applied to the determination of lignans in embryogenic plant cell cultures of Schisandra chinensis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

固相萃取和高效液相色谱相结合快速测定苦瓜甙A的含量(英文)

 建立了一个快速、简单、准确的固相萃取和高效液相色谱相结合的测定苦瓜甙A含量的方法。样品经石墨碳固相萃取管 (3mL/ 2 5 0mg)纯化后以高效液相色谱检测。色谱柱为C18,流动相为V(乙腈 )∶V(甲醇 )∶V(5 0mmol/L磷酸二氢钾缓冲液 ) =2 5∶2 0∶6 0 ,流速为 0 .8mL/min ,检测波长为 2 0 8nm。标准曲线自 10mg/L到 10 0 0mg/L呈线形关系 (r2 =0 .9992 )。该方法具有很好的重现性 ,日内或日间的相对标准偏差和相对平均误差均小于 10 %。样品回收率大于 90 %。