Perkin—Elmer公司DSC-2C差示扫描量热仪数据处理站的改进与功能扩展

介绍了对Ｐｅｒｋｉｎ－Ｅｌｍｅｒ公司生产的ＤＳＣ—２Ｃ差示扫描量热仪数据处理站专用计算机原程序进行修改的工作，并与通用微机联用，改进了原数据处理站的输出方式，扩展了数据处理功能。     

岛津C－R2A全自动高效液相色谱分析程序的设计

利用Ｃ－Ｒ２Ａ色谱处理机的编程功能，实现了液相色谱法（主机为ＬＣ－４Ａ和ＳＩＬ－２ＡＳ自动进样器）全自动分析，即通过程序实现按设定的样品顺序、进样量、重复次数对样品进行测定，每个样品分析完后，进行数据处理，并打印出结果表     

阿斯卡雷尔液成分分析

对配电变压器中的阿斯卡雷尔绝缘液成分进行了分析和鉴定。用ＧＣ／ＭＳ法从阿斯卡雷尔绝缘液中分离并确定了３５种有机污染物；用峰面积归一化法，通过ＨＰ－５９９７０Ｃ化学工作站数据处理系数得出各有机污染物在阿斯卡雷尔绝缘液中的百分含量。     

Co对Ni（OH）2电极中质子扩散行为的研究

本文采用恒电位阶跃，循环伏安及恒电流放电池，考察含Ｃｏ量０％－５３％的Ｎｉ（ＯＨ）２电极充电过程中质子的扩散系数：充电过程该值为１０＾－９－１０＾－１０ｃｍ＾２／ｓ，放电过程则为１０＾－１１ｃｍ＾２／ｓ．数据处理时对文献中有关公式进行了修正。     

关于扩散双电层中影响电位分布因素的讨论

本文根据Ｇｏｕｙ－Ｃｈａｐｍａｎ扩散双电层模型，通过Ｄｅｂｙｅ－Ｈｉｃｋｅｌ近似处理以及严格解的推导来讨论双电层中电位分布的影响因素，得出结论：对双电层中电位分布起作用的是离子强度，电解质溶液中的同离子的作用是不容忽视的。用计算机进行数据处理，得出在离子强度相同时，四种不同类型电解质溶液中ψ－ｘ关系曲线图，进一步证实了本文的结论。     

CWS1.0色谱工作站测定微量发硒

利用硒与４－硝基邻苯二胺在硫酸和高氯酸溶液中生成５－硝基－２，１，３－苯并硒二唑，且可被萃取至甲苯中的性质，用气相色谱法配合电子捕获检测器测定了甲苯中的５－硝基－２，１，３－苯并硒二唑，从而测定了硒的含量，数据处理采用自行研制的ＣＷＳ１．０色谱工作站进行，可对样品采集文件进行多种处理，操作快速，简便，处理结果精密，准确，该法用于人发中微量硒的含量测定，获得了满意的结果。     

Cu对Cu—Mn—Ce—O和Cu—Mn—Ce—Pd—O催化剂三效性能的影响

利用火焰脉冲－微反装置考察了Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ和Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｐｄ－Ｏ两类催化剂的三效活性。结果表明Ｃｕ的加入有利Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ的ＮＯｘ和ＣＯ的转化，而不利于Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｐｄ－Ｏ的ＮＯｘ和ＨＣ的转化。ＸＲＤ分析结果表明在Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ中加入Ｐｄ，原来的ＣｕＭｎ２Ｏ３消失，生成新相ＭｎＡｌ２Ｏ４；ＴＰＲ分析结果表明Ｃｕ使Ｍｎ－Ｃｅ－Ｏ样品表面氧量增加，表面易于还原，而使Ｍｎ－     

稀土铕与2—[（取代苯胺基）羰基]苯甲酸配合物的研究

报道了配合物Ｅｕ（ＸｎＰ）３．３Ｈ２Ｏ「其中Ｘ＝Ｈ，２－Ｃｌ，３－ＯＨ，４－Ｂｒ，３－ＮＯ２，２－ＯＣＨ３，２－ＣＨ３，２，４－二氯；Ｐ＝２－（ＣＯＯ）Ｃ６Ｈ４ＣＯＮＨＣ６Ｈ５－＾－，ｎ＝１，２」的制备，并用元素分析，红外光谱，电子反射光谱，热重分析进行了表征。     

1,4—二烷氧基萘—2,3—二腈合成方法的改进

以１，４－萘醌为原料，通过溴代，氰化和烷基化三步合成了１，４－二烷氧基萘－２，３－二腈（Ｒ＝ＣＨ３（ＣＨ２）２－；ＣＨ３（ＣＨ２）３－；ＣＨ３ＣＨ２ＣＨ（ＣＨ３）－ＣＨ３（ＣＨ２）４，各产物用元素分析和红外光谱确证，与文献方法相比，本法简便有效。     

水合希土硝酸盐与本并及单环己基－12－冠－4配合物的合成、性质及晶体结构

在乙腈介质中合成了苯并－１２－冠－４（简称Ｂ－１２－Ｃ－４）和单环己基－１２－冠－４（简称Ｃｙ－１２－Ｃ－４）的六种希土配合物：ＲＥ（ＮＯ３）３·Ｂ－１２－Ｃ－４（ＲＥ＝Ｐｒ，Ｇｄ，Ｙｂ，Ｌｕ），ＲＥ（ＮＯ３）３·Ｃｙ－１２－Ｃ－４（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ，Ｌｕ）．研究了它们的ＩＲ及１ＨＮＭＲ性质，并测定了四种单晶的结构．用ＩＮＤＯ法计算了Ｌｕ（ＮＯ３）３·Ｂ－１２－Ｃ－４，Ｌｕ（ＮＯ３）３·Ｃｙ－１２－Ｃ－４的电子结构．结果表明．Ｂ－１２－Ｃ－４与希土的配合物稳定性按Ｐｒ，Ｇｄ，Ｙｂ，Ｌｕ顺序减弱，并且Ｃｙ－１２－Ｃ－４与希土的配位能力大于Ｂ－１２－Ｃ－４．发现冠醚分子通过自身不同程度的扭曲，改变冠醚环空穴的大小，实现与不同大小的希土离子的配位作用．     

气相色谱质谱联用仪与微机的数据传输和处理

报道了一种用于气相色谱质谱联用仪和微机之间实现数据传输和处理的方法。方法可更有效地利用质谱仪采集的数据，解决了工作站处理数据的局限性。经数据格式转换，原始数据可以在微机上实现色谱峰再现，从而为色谱条件的优化和定量数据处理创造了条件。     

分析仪器微机数据站

分析仪器微机数据站允许同时从仪器中采集数据,计算结果,井打印出报告。这种新式的系统是把微电子技术与微型计算机技术的最新进展和分析仪器领域的工程经验成功地结合在一起。本文着重讨论数据站的硬件和软件,最后,简单介绍本中心设计与研制的热分析仪微机数据站。     

担载液相催化剂的研究——Ⅴ. 担载液相催化剂的EXAFS表征

本文利用EXAFS(Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure)对铑基担载液相催化剂(Supported Liquid Phase Catalyst SLPC)进行了结构表征。采用球面波理论对SLPC的EXAFS结果进行了多参数拟合。结果表明,在新鲜催化剂上,铑络合物以二聚物形式存在,推测其结构为(PPh_3)_2(CO)Rh-Rah(CO)(PPh_3)_2,Rh-C-O偏离共线分布。在经过羰化反应活化的活性SLPC上,铑络合物为单核的HRh(CO)_2(PPh_3)或Rh(CO)_2(PPh_32)_3。文中还讨论了SLPC的XRD谱。     

On-line application of ion chromatography in a thermal power plant

Complete monitoring of the “condensate-feedwater” cycle in power plants requires reliable automatic methods suitable for very low concentrations of various chemical species. A complete on-line ion-chromatography monitoring system is under development. It comprises an automatic on-line sampling system two Dionex Model QUIC (process instrument) ion chromatographs, an on-line calibration systems, and a data acquisition/processing system. The present model serves for the determination of sodium, chloride and sulfate ions. Detection limits are < 1 μg l^?1 (P = 95%) with liner ranges up to 10 μ l^?1 or about 200 μ l^?1 depending on settings. The importance of statistical evaluation of data is emphasized. The instrumentation was tested for sequential samples from crucial points of a 320-MW thermal power station with satisfactory results. Problems of reliability are discussed.     

Suspended bed chromatography, a new approach in downstream processing

A new technique in downstream processing, suspended bed chromatography has been developed. This hybrid technique exploiting the benefits of batch adsorption and the process advantages of an enclosed column system can be carried out using established contactors and adsorbents. A 44 cm I.D. IsoPak column and the anion-exchange cellulose Express-Ion Exchanger Q were used in the purification of ovalbumin from hen-egg white. After suspension of 16.25 kg Express-Ion Q in 500 l of feedstock containing 5 g protein/l, adsorption was effected by recirculation of the suspension using the IsoPak slurry preparation station. Protein-loaded adsorbent was collected in the IsoPak column unit, where it was washed and protein desorbed using gradient elution at a flow-rate of 300 cm/h. The entire process was complete in under 3 h. With the introduction of pump-packed column systems and the availability of mechanically strong adsorbents suitable for column separations, suspended bed chromatography offers a new approach to downstream processing and provides a less challenging alternative to batch separations.     

Cesium-137 concentrations, trends, and sources observed in Kuwait City, Kuwait

As part of the development support for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), the Prototype International Data Center (PIDC) has been processing radionuclide data since 1995. Radionuclide data received from field stations includes gamma-ray spectra, meteorological data, and state of health (SOH) information. To date over 20 radionuclide monitoring stations have transmitted data to the PIDC. The radionuclide monitoring system collects both aerosol and gas samples. Gamma-ray spectral analysis is performed on the samples to determine if they contain anthropogenic radionuclides indicative of nuclear debris. A key radionuclide monitored by this system is ¹³⁷Cs. Due to the half-life of ¹³⁷Cs (30.17 y), amounts of this radionuclide releases are still present in the soil and atmosphere as a result of past nuclear tests and reactor releases. ¹³⁷Cs from these sources are routinely detected in the prototype CTBT radionuclide monitoring system. Out of the multiple stations that contribute data to the PIDC, the highest ¹³⁷Cs activity concentrations and largest range of concentrations are observed at the Kuwait City, Kuwait station. A special study was conducted to investigate the concentrations, trends, and origin of ¹³⁷Cs in the Kuwait aerosol. This study combines over four years worth of aerosol data, meteorological data and soil sample analysis to explore this matter.     

Full automation of serotonin determination by column-switching and HPLC

Summary A simple, fast, fully automated method for plasma serotonin determination is described. Full automation is obtained by coupling two devices: a sample processing station and a solid-phase autosampler. The sample processing station dilutes the plasma sample and is then connected, on-stream, with the solid-phase autosampler. It firstly fills a loop with all the solvents necessary for the sample clean-up, then, inverting the flow, pumps these solvents through the silica-bonded cation-exchange disposable extraction cartridge positioned on the autosampler. For the elution, the cartridge is switched on-stream with the HPLC analytical column and serotonin is eluted by the HPLC mobile-phase. The HPLC separation is performed by ion-pairing reversed-phase liquid chromatography. The column effluent is completely reduced by an electrochemical reactor and serotonin is detected in an oxidation-mode by a dual-cell electrochemical detector. The plasma sample is 50 l, the plasma sensitivity is 40 ng/l, the retention time is 6 min and the recovery is 95%. The repeatibility, the normal ranges for platelet-poor and for platelet-rich plasma have been established and correlation with manual HPLC calculated.Presented at the 17th International Symposium on Chromatography, September 25–30, 1988, Vienna, Austria.     

Biomonitoring of 137Cs fall-out in Kudankulam coastal waters, Gulf of Mannar, India

Concentration of fall-out ¹³⁷Cs activity was monitored for a period of 3 years in coastline surface, near-shore surface and bottom waters of Kudankulam coast where a mega nuclear power station is being set up. Activity of ¹³⁷Cs was estimated by HPGe gamma spectrometry after chemical processing with AMP (ammonium molybdophosphate). The total ¹³⁷Cs concentration ranged from 1.2 to 1.6 mBq/L in coastline surface waters and between 0.75 and 1.4 mBq/L in near-shore surface and bottom waters. The data set followed a log-normal distribution. An insignificant relationship between ¹³⁷Cs and salinity, temperature and pH was noted. No yearly variation and no variation between surface and bottom waters were observed (p > 0.05) in the concentration of ¹³⁷Cs. The ¹³⁷Cs activity between seasons was found to be significantly different (p < 0.05).     

SigmaPlot在化学实验教学中的应用

介绍了SigmaPlot处理实验数据的方法和结果,并与手工作图的结果进行了比较。结果表明,用SigmaPlot对实验数据作线性回归处理,不仅方便快捷,减少数据处理的误差,而且可提高分析结果的准确度。