La2/3Ca1/3MnO3/Eu2CuO4/La2/3Ca1/3MnO3磁性隧道结的制备与表征

采用磁控溅射,紫外线光刻和离子束刻蚀制备了La2/3Ca1/3MnO3lEu2CuO4/La2/3Ca1/3MnO3磁性隧道结.通过对获得的磁性隧道结的Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性测量,发现非线性的Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性,显示结样品的隧穿特性.有趣的是发现在电极材料La2/3Ca1/3MnO3的金属-绝缘体转变温度(Tp)以下,Ⅰ-Ⅴ曲线出现一个跳变.随着温度降低,开始出现跳变的临界电流增大,但是跳变都发生在同样的电压下～209mV.当电流增大或减小在跳变点附近出现回滞.这一跳变只发生在铁磁金属态,表明这是一个磁性相关联的效应,可能对应一种新的磁性开关过程.虽然,目前对这一现象背后的物理机理还不清楚,但是,这一现象有可能在未来自旋电子学器件方面具有潜在的应用价值.     

Kinetics of the phase transition in crystals PbIn1/2Nb1/2O3–PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3–x PbTiO3

The time dependences of the optical transmission, velocity of sound, and elastic constants at room temperature in a number of the [001]-oriented PbIn_1/2Nb_1/2O₃–PbMg_1/3Nb_2/3O_3–x PbTiO₃ single crystals with the compositions lying both far from the morphotropic phase boundary and in its vicinity have been investigated. The analysis of the data obtained has been carried out. It has been shown that, in all the studied crystals, phase transitions induced by an electric field occur in two stages: the first stage is an incubation period associated with a small increase in the polarization of a part of the sample being in the glass phase, and the second phase (after the incubation period τ) is a rapid increase in the polarization and the formation of a long-range order. It has been found that the time τ depends on how close is the temperature of measurements to the Vogel–Fulcher temperature T _f . The closer is the temperature of measurements to the Vogel–Fulcher temperature T _f , the weaker is the electric field required to be applied to the sample in order to induce a ferroelectric phase. It has been demonstrated that the phase state of the studied crystals is unstable, which manifests itself in a strong dependence of the incubation period τ on the time between the annealing of the sample and the beginning of the measurements. The stability of the phase state depends on the PbTiO₃ concentration: an increase in the concentration leads to a significant increase in the stability.     

La1/3Sr2/3Fe1-xCoxO3体系中的Co替代效应研究

本文通过对La1/3Sr2/3Fe1-xCoxO3系列样品进行X射线衍射(XRD)和变温电阻率(p～T)、比热(C～T)、磁化率(M～T)等测试,研究了Co掺杂对该系列样品的晶体结构和电热磁性质的影响.结果表明,随着Co掺杂量的增加,晶胞体积单调减小;电阻中电荷有序(charge ordering,CO)的特征逐渐消失.Co含量低的样品随着温度降低发生顺磁-反铁磁(PM-AFM)转变和金属-绝缘体(M-I)转变;Co含量高的样品则在磁转变温度以下表现出团簇玻璃型短程铁磁有序行为,并且在整个测量温区内具有金属导电特性.这些证明Co掺杂引起电子的局域化效应是导致体系电磁和输运行为发生变化的主要原因.     

Electric and magnetic behaviour in double doped La2/3＋4x/3Sr1/3-4x/3Mn1-xMgxO3

The double-doped La2/3＋4x/3Sr1/3-4x/3Mn1-xMgxO3 samples with fixed Mn^3＋/Mn^4＋ ratio equal to 2/1 are investigated by means of magnetism and transport measurements. Phase separation is observed at temperature higher than T^onset c for x = 0.10 and 0.15. For x = 0.10, rather strong phase separation induces drastic magnetic random potential and results in the localization of carriers. Thus, the varlable-range hopping process dominates. For other samples, there is no or only weak phase separation above T^onset c. Thus, thermal activation mechanism is responsible for the high temperature transport behaviour. For x = 0.20 and 0.25, unexpected AFM behaviour is observed at low temperature. All these results are well understood by considering the special role of the ＂double-doping＂.     

(La1-xYx)2/3Ca1/3MnO3体系的正电子湮没研究

为研究超大磁阻材料的掺杂效应,我们测量了(La1-xYx)2/3Ca1/3MnO3系列样品的正电子寿命谱,并结合X射线衍射和电阻温度关系的测量结果,系统地研究了Y掺杂引起的样品局域电子结构和空位型缺陷的变化,并提出了局域电荷转移的观点,解释正电子体寿命的变化.     

La2/3Ca1/3MnO3的巨磁熵效应

本文对超大磁阻材料Ｌａ２／３Ｃａ１／３ＭｎＯ３的巨磁熵效应进行了研究,通过测量不同磁场下的磁化－温度曲线,发现伴随铁磁－顺磁相变有一个大的磁熵变化,这个结果表明钙钛矿锰氧化物可以作为磁致冷技术中的工作物质。     

La2/3Ca1/3MnO3薄膜自旋输运特性研究

本文通过射频磁控溅射法制备了La2/3Ca1/3MnO3(LCMO)薄膜.该薄膜在接近峰值电阻温度Tp(Tp=308K)发生铁磁金属相-顺磁绝缘体相相变.磁场的作用下,电阻温度曲线较无磁场时发生右移,而且Tp点也向高温移动,(H=0.5T时,Tp≈314K;H=1.0T时,Tp≈318K);1T磁场所产生最大的磁电阻值为34%.激光作用下,电阻温度曲线向左移动,Tp变为300K,其最大的光致电阻变化相对值为43.5%.能带理论定性分析表明产生这一不同现象主要是由于eg电子的不同状态引起的.     

La2/3Ca1/3MnO3/Eu2CuO4/La2/3Ca1/3MnO3磁性隧道结的制备与表征

采用磁控溅射，紫外线光刻和离子束刻蚀制备了La_2/3Ca_1/3MnO₃/Eu₂CuO₄/La_2/3Ca_1/3MnO₃磁性隧道结.通过对获得的磁性隧道结的I-V特性测量，发现非线性的I-V特性，显示结样品的隧穿特性.有趣的是发现在电极材料La_2/3Ca_1/3MnO₃的金属-绝缘体转变温度(Tp)以下，I-V曲线出现一个跳变.随着温度降低，开始出现跳变的临界电流增大，但是跳变都发生在同样的电压下～209mV.当电流增大或减小在跳变点附近出现回滞.这一跳变只发生在铁磁金属态，表明这是一个磁性相关联的效应，可能对应一种新的磁性开关过程.虽然，目前对这一现象背后的物理机理还不清楚，但是，这一现象有可能在未来自旋电子学器件方面具有潜在的应用价值. 关键词： 庞磁电阻 磁性隧道结 开关效应     

对靶溅射技术制备的La2/3Ca1/3MnO3/YBa2Cu4O8/La2/3Ca1/3MnO3薄膜中Tc的降低

本文用对靶溅射技术制备了La2/3Ca1/3MnO3/YBa2Cu4O8/La2/3Ca1/3MnO3薄膜.与YBCO单层薄膜相比,由于超导/铁磁系统中的磁性邻近效应,三层薄膜表现出较低的超导转变温度.薄膜的R～T测量曲线显示出超磁阻(CMR)效应和超导转变,预示着超导和铁磁特性共存于LCMO/YBCO/LCMO三文治结构.     

石墨/Li（Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3）O2电池充放电过程中电极材料的XRD研究

利用XRD系统地研究了石墨/Li（Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3）O₂ 18650型锂离子电池充放电过程中正负极活性材料的晶体结构和微结构的变化.已观测到,由于Li原子的脱嵌,使得LiMO₂点阵参数a缩小,c增大,微应变增大,衍射强度比I₁₀₄/I₁₀₁和I₀₁₂/I₁₀₁降低;此外,由于Li原子的嵌入,2H-石墨的点阵参数a和c,以及微应变ε和堆垛无序度P都增加.同时,讨论了活性材料Li（Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3）O₂和石墨在电池充放电过程中的嵌脱锂的物理机理.在充电时,正极Li（Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3）O₂中处于（000）位的Li原子优先脱离晶体点阵,继后才是位于（2/3 1/3 1/3）和（1/3 2/3 2/3）位的Li原子离开点阵.锂嵌入石墨,优先进入碳原子六方网格面间的间隙位置,当负极的堆垛无序度达到一定值后,3R相逐渐析出.当电池满充或过充时,在六方石墨中形成LiC₁₂和LiC₆相.放电时,与上述过程相反,但并非是完全可逆的. 关键词： 锂离子电池 微结构 X射线衍射 嵌脱锂物理机理     

Ferroelectric properties of Pb(Zr1/2Ti1/2)O3–Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics under compressive stress

Effects of compressive stress on the ferroelectric properties of ceramics in PZT–PZN system were investigated. The ceramics with a formula (1−x)Pb(Zr_1/2Ti_1/2)O₃–xPb(Zn_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃ or (1−x)PZT–(x)PZN (x = 0.1–0.5) were prepared by a conventional mixed-oxide method. The ferroelectric properties under the compressive stress of the PZT–PZN ceramics were observed at the stress levels up to 170 MPa using a compressometer in conjunction with a modified Sawyer–Tower circuit. It was found that with increasing compressive stress the area of the ferroelectric hysteresis (P–E) loops, the saturation polarization (P_sat), the remnant polarization (P_r), and the coercive field (E_c) decreased. These results were interpreted through the non-180° ferroelastic domain switching processes.     

Temperature impedance spectroscopy of (1 − x)Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-xLaMg1/2Ti1/2O3 solid solutions

The dielectric properties of (1 ? x)Na_1/2Bi_1/2TiO₃-xLaMg_1/2Ti_1/2O₃ solid solutions (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) were studied over the temperature range 650–1030 K by measuring the impedance spectra over the frequency range 25–10⁶ Hz. The Curie temperature T _C was determined as a function of the composition of the solid solutions. It is shown that T _C decreases linearly with increasing x. The temperature dependences of the dc component (σ_dc) and the polarization component (σ′_ac) of the real part of the conductivity are found. The activation energy for the conductivity σ_dc is shown to increase abruptly as the temperature increases above approximately 770 K for all solid solution compositions. Over the temperature range corresponding approximately to the region of existence of the tetragonal phase of Na_1/2Bi_1/2TiO₃, the polarization component σ′_ac of the solid solutions, as well as that of the pure compound, is anomalously high at low frequencies, which can be due to structural inhomogeneities.     

Relativistic calculations of 3s2 1S0-3s3p 1P1 and 3s2 1S0-3s3p 3P1,2 transition probabilities in the Mg isoelectronic sequence

Using the multi-configuration Dirac-Fock self-consistent field method and the relativistic configuration-interaction method,calculations of transition energies,oscillator strengths and rates are performed for the 3s 2 1 S 0-3s3p 1 P 1 spinallowed transition,3s 2 1 S 0-3s3p 3 P 1,2 intercombination and magnetic quadrupole transition in the Mg isoelectronic sequence(Mg I,Al II,Si III,P IV and S V).Electron correlations are treated adequately,including intravalence electron correlations.The influence of the Breit interaction on oscillator strengths and transition energies are investigated.Quantum electrodynamics corrections are added as corrections.The calculation results are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data and other theoretical calculations.     

Reversal transient laser-induced voltages in La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 films

This paper reports that the transient laser-induced voltages have been observed in La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 thin films on MgO （001） in the absence of an applied current. A peak voltage of - 0.15 V was detected in response to 0.015J pulse of 308 nm laser. It is demonstrated that the signal polarity is reversed when the films are irradiated through the substrate rather than at the air/film interface. Off-diagonal thermoelectricity may support the inversion of the signal when the irradiation direction is reversed.     

Simulation of Temperature-Dependent Resistivity for Manganite La1/3Ca2/3MnO3

The resistivity of the heavy-doped La1/3Ca2/3MnO3 （LCMO） is simulated using a random resistor network model, based on a phase separation scenario. The simulated results agree well with the reported experimental data, showing a transition from a charge-disordered （CDO） state embedded with a few ferromagnetic （FM） metallic clusters to a charge-ordered （CO） state, corresponding to the transition from a high-temperature paramagnetic （PM） insulating state to a low-temperature antiferromagnetic （AF） insulating state. Furthermore, we find that the number of AF/CO clusters increases with decreasing temperature, and the clusters start to connect to each other around 250K, which causes percolating in the system. The results further verify that phase separation plays a crucial role in the electrical conductivity of LCMO.     

0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.3PbTiO3单晶/环氧树脂1-3型复合材料的压电性能研究

模拟了0.7Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-0.3PbTiO₃(PMN-0.3PT)单晶1-3型压电复合材料的性能与单晶体积分数的关系,得出性能最优时压电相的体积分数为64%, 在这一体积分数下,采用切割-填充法,并使用了不同类型的环氧树脂填充制备复合材料.系统地研究了聚合物相对复合材料性能的影响,研究表明,减小聚合物相的刚度系数c和密度ρ有利于提高复合材料的性能,且聚合物相与压电相的结合强度对性能的影响非常明显,制备的PMN-0.3 PT单晶1-3型复合材料的厚度伸缩机电耦合系数k_t高达90.1%,压电系数d₃₃大于1000pC/N,机械品质因数Q_m为10.39,声阻抗Z也大大降低,性能明显优于传统的Pb(Zr_xTi_1-x)O₃(PZT)陶瓷及其1-3复合材料,在压电换能器和传感器中显示出广阔的前景. 关键词： PMN-PT单晶 压电复合材料 压电相 聚合物相     

La2/3Ca1/3MnO3薄膜的光致电阻率变化特性

射频磁控溅射法制备了La2/3Ca1/3MnO3纳米薄膜(LCMO).该薄膜发生FM-PM相变的转变点温度为Tc≈308K(近似为电阻峰值温度Tp);在不同温度下的光电导性质实验表明所制备的LCMO薄膜在连续激光作用时低温段(TTc时,ΔR/R＜0,即光电导效应.调制激光脉冲光响应实验发现,光致信号强度和温度及偏置电流之间存在非线性关系:光致电阻率增大信号极大值为偏置电流的二次函数,而极大值对应的温度和偏置电流成线性关系,同时,光响应有一个截止温度,并且存在最佳光响应偏置电流和温度条件.分析认为LCMO薄膜的光致电阻率变化特性和材料的eg↓自旋电子的状态以及与此相应的小极化子的形成有关.     

Mössbauer studies of PbFe2/3W1/3O3 multiferroics

Mössbauer studies of ceramic samples of the antiferromagnetic perovskite PbFe_2/3W_1/3O₃ have been carried out. It has been established that the temperature of transition to the magnetically ordered state is T _N = 365 K. Iron ions in PbFe_2/3W_1/3O₃ are found to reside in the high-spin Fe³⁺ state. The Fe³⁺ ions occupy inequivalent positions differing in the nearest cation environment, or more precisely, tungsten and iron ions are distributed in a random manner over the sites of the octahedral sublattice. The inequivalent positions arise as a result of the Fe and W ions being statistically distributed over the octahedral sublattice. For T > 0 K, magnetic fields at the nuclei and, hence, the average thermodynamic values of the magnetic moments of Fe³⁺ ions occupying inequivalent positions are different and, at a given temperature, are determined by the number of the nearest magnetic neighbors, with the effective magnetic fields (H _eff) varying differently with temperature. As the temperature is lowered, the fields H _eff level off gradually in response to the effective magnetic fields of iron ions having different numbers of exchange bonds leveling off with decreasing temperature which lowers thermal excitation.     

La2/3Ca1/3MnO3薄膜的光致电阻率变化特性

射频磁控溅射法制备了La_2/3Ca_1/3MnO₃纳米薄膜(LCMO).该薄膜发生FM-PM相变的转变点温度为T_c≈308K（近似为电阻峰值温度T_p）；在不同温度下的光电导性质实验表明所制备的LCMO薄膜在连续激光作用时低温段（Tc）表现为光致电阻率增大效应，即ΔR/R＞0，并在R-T曲线拐点附近取得极大值，（ΔR/R）_max=43.5%；当T>T关键词： 钙钛矿薄膜 光响应 电子自旋 小极化子     

(La1-xCex)2/3Ca1/3MnO3体系的结构和输运性质研究

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