2：17型结构Gd—Fe—Co—Ga化合物的结构与磁性

用电弧熔炼的方法制备了Ｇｄ２（Ｆｅ１－ｘＣｏｘ）１５Ｇａ２（０≤ｘ≤１０）和Ｇｄ２（Ｆｅ０８Ｃｏ０２）１７－ｙＧａｙ（０≤ｙ≤８）化合物，通过Ｘ射线衍射和磁性测量手段研究了它们的结构和磁性．实验结果表明它们都是２∶１７型结构的单相化合物．Ｇｄ２（Ｆｅ１－ｘＣｏｘ）１５Ｇａ２的单胞体积Ｖ随Ｃｏ含量的增加单调下降，而居里温度ＴＣ单调上升，１５Ｋ下的饱和磁化强度Ｍｓ随Ｃｏ含量的增加开始时略有增大，在ｘ＝０２时出现极大值，然后单调下降；对Ｇｄ２（Ｆｅ０８Ｃｏ０２）１７－ｙＧａｙ的样品，随Ｇａ含量的增加单胞体积增加，居里温度和饱和磁化强度单调下降．用Ｃｏ替代Ｆｅ，或用Ｇａ替代Ｆｅ和Ｃｏ都能导致Ｆｅ或Ｃｏ次晶格出现室温单轴各向异性，这可能与Ｇａ原子的择优占位有关．     

La1.85Cr0.15Cu1—xFexO4—y的窄能带行为与超导电性关系的研究

用ＳＱＲＩＤ直流磁强研究了Ｌａ１．８５Ｃｒ０．１５Ｃｕ１－ｘＦｅｘＯ４－ｙ（ｘ＝０．０，０．００２，０．００４和０．００６）多晶样品在不同磁场下（Ｈ＝０．０１，０．０３，０．０５Ｔ）正常态的直流磁化率与温度关系和超导转变温的关系呈宽峰行为。随着Ｆｅ掺杂的增多，直流磁化率与温度的关系由宽峰行为迅速转变为Ｃｕｒｉｅ－Ｗｉｓｓ行为。与此同时，超导转变温度也由不掺Ｆｅ的３１．０Ｋ增加到３３．６Ｋ（ｘ＝０．     

La_（1．85）Sr_（0．15）Cu_（1－x）Fe_xO_（4－y）的窄能带行为与超导电性关系的研究

用ＳＱＵＩＤ直流磁强计研究了Ｌａ（１．８５）Ｓｒ（０．１５）Ｃｕ（１－ｘ）ＦｅｘＯ（４－ｙ）（ｘ＝０．００２，０．００４和０．００６）多晶样品在不同磁场下（Ｈ＝０．０１，０．０３，０．０５Ｔ）正常态的直流磁化率与温度关系和超导转变温度与Ｆｅ掺杂含量的关系．实验结果表明，不掺Ｆｅ的样品其直流磁化率与温度的关系里宽峰行为，随着Ｆｅ掺杂的增多，直流磁化率与温度的关系由宽峰行为迅速转变为Ｃｕｒｉｅ－Ｗｅｉｓｓ行为．与此同时，超导转变温度也由不掺Ｆｅ的３１．０Ｋ增加到３３．６Ｋ（ｘ＝０．００２），然后再单调降低．这清楚地表明，载流子浓度才是影响超导的最重要的因素。对于掺Ｆｅ的样品，其正常态直流磁化率Ｘ与温度Ｔ的关系可以用Ｘ＝ａ＋ｂＴ＋ｃ／（Ｔ一Ｔ０）很好地表示．我们认为，式中ａ＋ｂＴ项是由于Ｃｕｄ带泡利硕磁的贡献．增加磁场时，对于同一个接Ｆｅ样品，居里常数Ｃ增大而常数项ａ减小．这是由于掺Ｆｅ的样品在Ｆｅｒｍｉ面存在不满的窄带（ｄｘ２上Ｈｕｂｂｒｄ带），它是产生居里硕磁的原因．增加磁场时，它往高能量方向移动，窄带的电子空得更多，这些电子移向较宽的Ｃｕ杂化带．这样一来，增加磁场时，每个Ｃｕ离子的磁矩增大．而Ｃｕｄ带的Ｆｅ     

La_（2－x）Sr_xCu_（1－y）Fe_yO_4正常态的反常磁性

研究了Ｌａ２－ｘＳｒｘＣｕ１－ｙＦｅｙＯ４（ｘ＝０．１３，０．１５，０．１７和ｙ＝０．０，０．００２，０．００４，０．００６）多晶样品在不同磁场下（Ｈ＝１，３和５Ｔ）正常态直流磁化率与温度的关系和超导转变温度与Ｆｅ掺杂含量的关系．结果表明，不掺杂样品的正常态直流磁化率呈宽峰行为．随着Ｆｅ掺杂量的增多，直流磁化率与温度的关系由宽峰行为变为Ｃｕｒｉｅ－Ｗｅｉｓｓ行为．与此同时，超导转变温度随Ｆｅ掺杂含量的变化而变化．这表明载流子浓度是影响超导的重要因素．对Ｆｅ掺杂样品，其正常态直流磁化率与温度的关系可以用Ｘ＝ａ＋ｂＴ＋ｃ／（Ｔ－Ｔ０）很好的表示．我们认为，其中ａ＋ｂＴ项是带Ｐａｕｌｉ顺磁的贡献．对同一掺Ｆｅ样品，增加外磁场时，居里常数ｃ增大而常数项ａ减小．这是由于在Ｆｅｒｍｉ面存在不满的窄带（ｄｘ２上Ｈｕｂｂａｒｄ带），它是导致居里顺磁的原因．增加磁场时它往高能方向移动，窄带的电子空得更多，这些电子移向较宽的杂化带，导致每个Ｃｕ离子的磁矩增大，而带的Ｆｅｒｍｉ面电子态度减小．我们的实验结果也表明，超导电性与能带结构密切相关．     

铁酸盐的水热氧化晶化法制备及其生成条件研究

研究了空气氧化Ｍ＾２＋（Ｍ＝Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ）和Ｆｅ＾２＋的碱性悬浮液制备铁酸盐ＭＦｅ２Ｏ４的条件，考察了原料配比、ｐＨ值、氧化温度、氧化时间对生成ＭＦｅ２Ｏ４的影响。利用ＸＲＤ及ＳＥＭ检测氧化过程中沉淀物的形态和结构表明，在３４３￣３５８Ｋ和Ｒ＝２ＯＨ＾－／（Ｍ＾２＋Ｆｅ＾２＋）＝１．０、Ｍ＾２／Ｆｅ＾２＋＝０．５（摩尔比）下用３００ｍＬ／ｈ的空气氧化Ｍｘ／３Ｆｅ１－ｘ／３（ＯＨ）２悬浮液     

BaFCl_（x）Br_（1－x）：Sm~（2＋）中_（5）D_2→~（7）F_

本文以ＢａＦＣｌｘＢｒ－１－ｘ：Ｓｍ２＋Ｄ２→７Ｆ０的跃迁几率随ｘ变化为中心对ＢａＦＣｌｘＢｒ－１－ｘ：Ｓｍ２＋体系４ｆ５ｄ带的激发光谱、５Ｄ２→７Ｆ０跃迁的荧光衰减随温度的变化特性、５Ｄ２→７Ｆ０的跃迁几率等进行了研究．从而得出结论：在ＢａＦＣｌｘＢｒ１－ｘ：Ｓｍ２＋中，随Ｂｒ含量的增大，４ｆ５ｄ带与５Ｄ２能级更加接近，使７Ｆ０→Ｄ２的吸收截面增大，从而可能提高在５Ｄ２：能级烧孔的效率．     

ZnCdse－ZnSe多量子阱中的激子发光

在７７－３００Ｋ温度下研究了Ｚｎ（１－ｘ）ＣｄｘＳｅ－ＺｎＳｅ多量子阱（ＭＱＷｓ）的光致发光特性．首次在７７Ｋ，Ａｒ离子激光器的４５７．９ｎｍ激发下，在Ｚｎ（０．６８）Ｃｄ（０．３２）Ｓｅ－ＺｎｓｅＭＱＷｓ中观测到５个发光带，其中三个发光带被归因于不同的激子发射：即ｎ＝１重空穴（ＨＨ）激子；ｎ＝ｌ轻－重空穴（ＬＨ）激子和ｎ＝ＩＨＨ激子同时发射两个纵光学声子的复合发光，并且，；ｎ＝１ＨＨ激子发光可延续至室温．     

（Gd,Y）P5O14：Ce,Tb中Gd的中介能量传递和传递几率计算

研究了稀土五磷酸盐ＧｄｘＹ１－ｘ）Ｐ５Ｏ１４：Ｃｅ０．０１，Ｔｂ０．０２体系中以Ｇｄ＾３＋子晶格为中介的Ｃｅ＾３＋→Ｇｄ＾３＋→Ｔｂ＾３＋的能量传递现象。当ｘ＞０．７，在室温下激发Ｃｅ＾３＋离子可以产生有效的Ｔｂ＾３＋的发光。对ｘ＝１和０时，激发Ｃｅ＾３＋产生Ｔｂ＾３＋的发光，前者的强度约为后者的１０倍。     

La1.85-xSr0.15+xCu1-xMxO4(M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ga, Al)体系的输运性质研究

利用Ｘ－光衍射,电阻率和电势等实验手段,系统地研究了Ｌａ１．８５－ｘＳｒ０．１５＋ｘＣｕ１－ｘＭｘＯ４（Ｍ＝Ｃｒ,Ｍｎ,Ｆｅ,Ｃｏ,Ｇａ ａｎｄ Ａｌ）体系的结构和输运性质。结果表明;所有的三阶离子掺杂都能在较低的掺杂浓度下抑制超导电性,并且引起金属到绝缘体的转变。磁性离子和非磁性离子掺杂引起显著不同的热电势变化,并用ｄ－ｐ杂化态的变化和局域自旋散射来进行分析讨论。     

低补偿度n－Hg＿（1－x）Cd＿xTe的磁致金属－绝缘体相变和相变后的温度激活输运行为

报道了ｘ＝０．２１４组份、低补偿度（Ｋ《１）ｎ－Ｈｇ＿（１－ｘ）Ｃｄ＿ｘＴｅ晶体在０．３─３０Ｋ温度范围，０─７Ｔ强磁场下的横向磁阻、电子霍耳迁移率、霍耳系数测量结果，观测到了磁致金属－绝缘体相变和相变后的温度激活输运行为。分析实验数据，提出：低补偿度、组份：ｘ＝０．２附近的ｎ－Ｈｇ＿（１－ｘ）Ｃｄ＿ｘＴｅ，磁致金属－绝缘体相变（ＭＩＴ）发生的机理是载流子在浅施主杂质态上的磁冻结；发生磁冻结的前提是热冻出（ｔｈｅｒｍａｌｆｒｅｅｚｅ－ｏｕｔ），即首先必须在很低的温度下将导带电子冻出到施主态上。相变后的温度激活输运行为可以表示成Ｒ＿Ｈ（Ｔ）＝Ｒ＿（Ｈ０）ｅｘｐ［ａ／ｋＴ］，它实际上反映了磁冻结在施主上的电子，随温度的升高，逐步热激发到导带的过程，从磁致ＭＩＴ后的激活能初步推知，导带下存在两个浅施主能级。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.