阴离子X~-(F~-、Cl~-、Br~-)对中孔分子筛MCM-41合成与性质的影响

在凝胶体系ＮａＸ（Ｆ、Ｃｌ、Ｂｒ）Ｎａ２ＯＡｌ２Ｏ３ＳｉＯ２ＣＴＡＢ（十六烷基三甲基溴化铵）Ｈ２Ｏ中，研究了水热合成中孔ＭＣＭ４１的合成条件。实验证明，在３９８Ｋ下晶化８～１６ｄ，ＮａＸ／ＳｉＯ２介于０．０１～０．０５时，均可合成出ＭＣＭ４１分子筛；ＮａＦ的加入，可以加快ＭＣＭ４１分子筛的晶化速度；ＮａＢｒ的加入，对形成ＭＣＭ４１分子筛有阻碍作用。采用ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ、ＴＧＤＴＡ和Ｎ２吸附对合成样品加以表征，证明合成样品具有介孔分子筛特性。     

钒硅MCM—41沸石分子筛微波合成与表征

以溴代十六烷基吡啶（ＣＰＢｒ）为模板剂,硅溶胶为硅源,用微波辐射的方法成功地合成出了高结晶度的中孔杂原子ＶＭＣＭ－４１分子筛,探讨了微波反应釜压力、微波晶化时间、老化时间等合成因素的影响,确定了合适的配比范围及合成条件。利用ＸＲＤ、ＴＥＭ、ＩＲ等方法对ＶＭＣＭ－４１中孔分子筛的结构作了表征,结果表明钒已进入分子筛骨架     

MCM－41中孔分子筛的合成及其性质

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（ＣＴＡＢ）作模板剂，研究了水热体系中中孔ＭＣＭ－４１分子筛的合成条件。在Ｈ_２Ｏ／Ｓｉ介于１２～１００，Ｓｉ／Ａｌ介于１０～∞，ＣＴＡＢ／Ｓｉ介于０．０８～０．２时，可以合成出ＭＣＭ－４１分子筛。在加入煤油等混合烃的合成体系中，可以合成出孔径大于４ｎｍ的ＭＣＭ－４１分子筛。用ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ、Ｎ_２吸附对合成样品加以表征，证明它们具有典型的中孔分子筛特性。探针反应证明它具有中强酸中心。     

Eu（TTA）3／MCM—41介孔复合体的溶胶—凝胶法组装

利用溶胶－凝胶法将稀土的Ｅｕ（ＴＴＡ）３组装到ＭＣＭ－４１介孔分子筛的孔道中,并初步认定客体分子Ｅｕ（ＴＴＡ）３是以加合物形式包裹于表面活性剂胶束中。该法制得的介孔复合体Ｅｕ（ＴＴＡ）３／ＭＣＭ－４１,用ＸＲＤ、ＨＲＴＥＭ技术证实有短程有序的,规整的六方介孔结构和大小分布均匀的纳米晶粒。对其光致发光和荧光寿命的研究发现,与乙醇溶液中相比,Ｅｕ＾３＋的荧光寿命没有发生改变,但Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ位移却明显增大;复合体中,能量是从主体ＭＣＭ－４１传递到客体Ｅｕ（ＴＴＡ）３上。     

合成温度对中孔分子筛M41S材料结构转变的影响

分别用氮气吸附－脱附测定、激光傅立叶红外（ＦＴＩＲ）、＾２９Ｓｉ和＾２７Ａｌ固态魔角核磁共振（ＭＡＳＮＭＲ）和微分热重（ＤＴＧ）等手段表征了低表面活性剂浓度及低表面活性剂与硅原子摩尔经的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵与硅酸钠体系中不同温度形成的不同中孔Ｍ４１Ｓ和微孔ＺＳＭ－５沸石，研究发现，合成温度从１００℃温度至１３５℃，ＭＣＭ－４１的固体颗粒变细，孔壁厚增加而中孔表面积和体积降低，合成温度从１３５℃提高     

纯硅MCM-41中孔分子筛合成因素的研究Ⅰ.Na~+、K~+阳离子对合成的影响

本文采用表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（Ｃ１６ＴＡＢｒ，以下为１６３１），在（Ｎａ，Ｋ）ＯＨＳｉＯ２Ｃ１６ＴＡＢｒＨ２Ｏ体系中分别利用室温、水热及干粉法进行了纯硅ＭＣＭ４１中孔分子筛的合成，考察了阳离子Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋对ＭＣＭ４１合成及稳定性的影响。通过ＸＲＤ对结晶度的测定，发现ＮａＭＣＭ４１的晶化速率明显高于ＫＭＣＭ４１，而热稳定性和水热稳定性较差，且ａ０值小于后者。同时发现，就合成方法而言，室温法得到的产物具有很高的结晶度，利用水热法合成的样品的热稳定性明显较高，而干法得到的分子筛产品具有优良的水热稳定性。     

MCM-41分子筛的合成及129Xe核磁共振的研究

ＭＣＭ４１中孔分子筛是１９９２年由Ｍｏｂｉｌ公司的科学家Ｋｒｅｓｇｅ［１］等人首次合成的,并在《自然》杂志发表。这种中孔分子筛具有六角形孔径,孔径２ｎｍ～１０ｎｍ,这种分子筛的孔径可以通过水晶模板来控制［２］。已报道的合成ＭＣＭ４１,孔径一般在２．０ｎｍ～３．５ｎｍ,使用的水晶模板一般是单一或两种阳离子季铵盐表面活性剂［３,４］。本论文通过引入第二种扩孔模板,与阳离子季铵盐协同作用,合成了孔径５．２ｎｍ（ＢＥＴ法测）的ＭＣＭ４１。通过氮气的吸脱附,测定了分子筛的比表面和孔径等性质。Ｊ．Ｆｒａｉｓｓａｒｄ…     

MCM—48介孔分子筛的合成研究

利用水热法合成了ＭＣＭ－４８介孔分子筛,通过ＩＲ,ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ,ＸＲＤ,ＸＲＤ,ＴＥＭ,Ｎ２吸附等方法对产物进行了表征,并系统地研究了晶化温度、晶化时间、凝胶组成等对合成ＭＣＭ－４８介孔分子筛的影响。     

MCM—41介孔分子筛合成研究：Ⅱ.微波辐射合成法

采用微波辐射技术合成了ＭＣＭ－４１介孔分子筛,并用ＸＲＤ,ＳＥＭ,ＩＲ,ＮＭＲ和吸附等表征手段考察了其晶化过程,晶体形貌和稳定性等特点,结果表明,微波法合成ＭＣＭ－４１分子筛时诱导期极短,晶化速度很快且在晶化后期无转晶现象;微波法合成的ＭＣＭ－４１试样的吸附容量较低,但具有较强的耐热及水热稳定性和抗酸碱能力。     

MCM—41介孔分子筛合成研究：Ⅰ.水热合成法

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为附加试剂合成了ＭＣＭ－４１介孔分子筛,并用ＸＲＤ,ＳＥＭ和ＩＲ等表征手段考察了晶化时间、晶化温度、物料组成和附加试剂用量等对其晶化过程的影响。结果表明,ＭＣＭ－４１介孔分子筛的晶化诱导期较长,在晶化后期存在着转晶现象,而且有一较适宜的晶化温度,物料组成和附加试剂用量范围。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).