金银花不同部位中绿原酸和木犀草苷含量的测定

利用HPLC法测定金银花不同部位中绿原酸和木犀草苷。采用ODS-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-水(0.03 mol/L磷酸)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速:1.0 mL/min,检测波长:350 nm,柱温:室温。绿原酸浓度在0~0.4 mg/mL内与峰面积呈良好线性关系(r2=0.999 6),回收率为101.9%~105.2%,相对标准偏差为3.18%(n=6)。木犀草苷浓度在0~0.1 mg/mL内与峰面积呈良好线性关系(r2=0.999 1),平均回收率为100.5%~104.0%,相对标准偏差为3.42%(n=6)。结果表明:金银花、芽等部位绿原酸和木犀草苷的含量较高。     

水龙骨中没食子酸与鞣花酸的含量测定

以Spursil C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm)、甲醇-0.1%磷酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱、流速1.0 mL/min、检测波长255 nm和柱温30℃为色谱条件，建立了HPLC法测定水龙骨中没食子酸与鞣花酸含量的方法。结果表明：没食子酸在浓度为0.5～5.0 mg·L^-1的范围内(r=0.999 9),鞣花酸在质量浓度为6.944×10^-3～69.44×10^-3μg的范围内(r=0.999 8)与峰面积呈良好的线性关系；没食子酸和鞣花酸平均加样回收率分别为104.21%和101.52%,RSD值分别为4.51%和3.83%;按外标法测得水龙骨中没食子酸含量(n=6)为26.83μg·g^-1,鞣花酸含量(n=6)为62.18μg·g^-1。该测定方法易操作、稳定性及重复性好，为水龙骨药材质量研究提供科学依据。     

HPLC法测定党参中烟酸和党参炔苷的含量

建立HPLC法同时测定党参中烟酸及党参炔苷含量的方法。采用Syncronis AQ色谱柱(250 mm×4.6mm,5μm),以乙腈(A)–0.2%磷酸水溶液(B)作流动相进行梯度洗脱,流量为1 mL/min,紫外检测波长为285 nm,柱温为30℃,烟酸和党参炔苷可在24 min内实现与其它成分良好分离。烟酸的质量浓度在9.6~57.6μg/mL范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.999 2),检出限为0.94μg/mL,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.5%(n=6),平均加标回收率为99.5%;党参炔苷的质量浓度在9.92~59.52μg/mL范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.999 6),检出限为0.12μg/mL,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.9%(n=6),平均加标回收率为101.1%。该方法操作简便、快速、准确,具有良好的重复性,可作为党参中烟酸、党参炔苷测定的有效方法。     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定柿叶中齐墩果酸和熊果酸

建立反相高效液相色谱法同时测定柿(Diospyros koki Linn.f.)叶中齐墩果酸和熊果酸的含量.采用Kromasil C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm);流动相:V(甲醇):V(0.2%磷酸水溶液)=87:13;流速:0.8 mL/min;检测波长:210nm;柱温:30℃.齐墩果酸进样量在0.0848～1.696 μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9996,平均加样回收率为101.3%;熊果酸进样量在0.1408～2.816 μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9995,平均加样回收率为99.0%.3批样品测定结果表明,本法可作为柿叶中齐墩果酸和熊果酸含量测定的方法.     

HPLC法测定土圞儿根皮和块根中的西瑞香素

建立高效液相色谱法测定土圞儿根皮和块根中西瑞香素含量的方法。采用Kromasil C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇–0.2%磷酸水溶液(56∶44)为流动相等度洗脱,流量为1.0 m L/min,柱温为35℃,检测波长为345 nm。西瑞香素的质量浓度在20~100μg/m L内与色谱峰面积呈现良好的线性关系,线性相关系数r=0.999 9,方法精密度(RSD)为1.23%(n=6)。根皮样品、块根样品的加标回收率分别为98.8%,98.2%,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为1.30%,2%(n=6)。该方法快速可靠,可用于土圞儿药材的质量控制。     

HPLC法同时测定白花蛇舌草中对香豆酸和熊果酸的含量

建立高效液相色谱法同时测定白花蛇舌草药材中对香豆酸和熊果酸含量的方法。采用Eclipse SB–C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇–0.05%甲酸梯度洗脱,流量1 m L/min,对香豆酸和熊果酸的检测波长分别为310 nm和210 nm,柱温30℃。对香豆酸和熊果酸含量分别在0.001 79~0.028 64 mg/m L和0.021 3~0.340 8 mg/m L范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数r分别为0.999 8,0.999 6。对香豆酸和熊果酸的平均加标回收率分别为98.59%,98.23%,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为0.81%,0.94%(n=6)。样品溶液在24 h内稳定。该方法适用于白花蛇舌草药材中对香豆酸和熊果酸的含量测定。     

青海省唐古特铁线莲中齐墩果酸含量的测定

建立了唐古特铁线莲中齐墩果酸含量测定的HPLC方法。色谱条件:采用Phenomenex Luna C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相:乙腈-0.2%H3PO4(35:65),流速:1 mL/min,柱温:室温(25℃),检测波长:205 nm。齐墩果酸在0.0233～0.7000 mg范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为y=2E+06x+360803,R2=0.9917,回收率RSD为1.7%,并对青海省野生和栽培唐古特铁线莲中齐墩果酸进行了定量分析,结果显示前者平均值为0.1184%,后者平均值为0.0651%。方法可用以测定唐古特铁线莲中齐墩果酸的含量。     

反相高效液相色谱同时测定五味子中五味子醇甲、五味子酯甲和五味子乙素的含量

本文建立了同时测定五味子中五味子醇甲、五味子酯甲和五味子乙素的反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)方法。五味子先经超声提取后用高效液相色谱法测定。色谱柱为Kromasil C18柱(150×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(75∶25,V/V),紫外检测波长220 nm,柱温30℃,流速1.0 mL/min。结果显示,五味子醇甲在0.10~6.0μg范围内(r=0.9998),五味子酯甲在0.13~8.0μg范围内(r=0.9999),五味子乙素在0.03~2.0μg范围内(r=0.9999)线性关系良好。平均回收率五味子醇甲为98.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.4%(n=5);五味子酯甲为97.1%,RSD为1.6%(n=5);五味子乙素为97.7%,RSD为1.1%(n=5)。本法准确、快速、灵敏度高,可用于五味子中有效成分的定量分析。     

内标法测定卡波姆中乙酸乙酯和环己烷的残留量

建立了卡波姆中环己烷和乙酸乙酯残留量的内标GC测定方法.色谱柱:DB-WAX,30 m×0.32 mm×0.25μm;柱温:50℃维持3 min,然后以5℃/min的速度升至120℃,维持15 min.进样口温度:250℃;FID检测器,温度:250℃;进样量:1μL.空白溶液色谱图中,丁酮、环己烷、乙酸乙酯峰处无干扰.环己烷与相邻峰的分离度约为6;乙酸乙酯与相邻峰的分离度约为2.5.环己烷和乙酸乙酯进样量在0.2～1.2 ng范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 2和0.999 8).环己烷平均回收率为101.4%,RSD=1.3%(n=6),乙酸乙酯平均回收率为100.6%,RSD=1.1%(n=6).该方法操作简便,灵敏度高,分离度好,结果准确,重复性也比较好,适合卡波姆中乙酸乙酯和环己烷的含量测定.     

RP-HPLC梯度洗脱法测定桑叶中芦丁和绿原酸的含量

建立了同时测定桑叶中芦丁和绿原酸含量的方法,采用Kromasil C18柱(4.6 mm×250mm,5μm),以甲醇0.5%磷酸的水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱程序为0 min[V(甲醇) V(0.5%磷酸)=30 70]15 min[V(甲醇) V(0.5%磷酸)=30 70]20 min[V(甲醇) V(0.5%磷酸)=50 50]35 min[V(甲醇) V(0.5%磷酸=50 50];流量0.8 mL.min-1;检测波长350 nm;柱温25℃;光电二极管阵列检测器(PAD)。结果表明,芦丁线性范围为0.218~1.962μg,r=0.999 3,样品的平均加样回收率为101.3%,RSD 1.1%;绿原酸线性范围为0.654~5.886μg,r=0.999 7,样品的平均加样回收率为98.2%,RSD 1.1%;绿原酸线性范围为0.654~5.886μg,r=0.999 7,样品的平均加样回收率为98.2%,RSD1.5%。该法快速简便,专属性强,重复性好,可作为桑叶中芦丁的定量分析方法。     

电堆集富集非水毛细管电泳同时测定水杨酸、肉桂酸、阿魏酸和香草酸

建立了同时分离测定水杨酸、肉桂酸、阿魏酸和香草酸的电堆集富集-非水毛细管电泳(NACE)的新方法。运行缓冲溶液为40mmol/L乙酸钠-2.5mmol/L氢氧化钠甲醇溶液,电压-25kV,在225nm波长下紫外检测。对电压、乙酸钠浓度、氢氧化钠浓度、进样时间、样品溶液等因素对电堆集及分离的影响做了系统的研究。水杨酸、肉桂酸、阿魏酸和香草酸分别在1.4~28mg/L、0.40~8.0mg/L、0.7~18mg/L和0.7~30mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999、r=0.9997、r=0.9994、r=0.9997);回收率分别为95.8~99.6%、96.2~98·2%、95.7~105%和98.9~103%,基于3倍信噪比(S/N=3),4种有机酸的检出限分别为0.069、0.051、0.107和0.089mg/L。     

离子色谱法测定乙醛酸中的顺丁烯二酸和乙二酸

采用抑制电导离子色谱法测定高浓度乙醛酸基体中痕量的顺丁烯二酸和乙二酸。将乙醛酸样品稀释至1 000倍体积后,采用高浓度的淋洗液,以高容量色谱柱对样品进行分析。实验结果表明,顺丁烯二酸和乙二酸最低检出限分别为12.7,19.6μg/L,重现性(n=5)分别为1.13%,1.11%,回收率分别为97.9%,94.7%。该方法具有较高的灵敏度,适用于乙醛酸的例行检测。     

Determination of Cyanuric Acid or Trichloroisocyanuric Acid in Air

Abstract

An analytical procedure for measurement of cyanuric acid or trichlor oisocyanuric acid in air has been developed. The procedure involves air sampling with a 37-mm PVC membrane filter, recovery with a phosphate buffer, and analysis by high performance liquid chromatography with a UV detector at 225 nm. The interior surface of the front piece of the cassette filter holder also is analyzed. Average recoveries were 0.98 to 1.00 after fortification of PVC filters with 12- to 412-μg quantities of cyanuric acid. Average recoveries of trichloroisocyanuric acid were 0.83 to 0.98 after fortification of glass surfaces with 12- to 424-μg quantities (these are reasonable approximations for recoveries of trichloroisocyanuric acid from PVC filters). The analyst should ascertain which analyte is present at the sampling site because trichloroisocyanuric acid reacts with water in the phosphate buffer to form cyanuric acid in high yield.     

对氨基苯甲酸的合成研究进展

综述了以对硝基苯甲酸为原料合成对氨基苯甲酸的近期研究进展。并从技术和经济角度讨论了各种合成方法的优点与不足。     

Surface Functionalization of Magnetite Nanoparticles with Sulfonic Acid and Heteropoly Acid: Efficient Magnetically Recoverable Solid Acid Catalysts

New magnetically recoverable solid acid catalysts for acid‐catalyzed reactions were designed via the surface chemical functionalization of silica‐coated magnetite nanoparticles (SCMNPs) with sulfonic acid groups. First, the SCMNPs were covalently functionalized with 3‐aminopropyl groups to achieve Amp‐SCMNPs. Then, reaction of the Amp‐SCMNPs with 1,4‐butane sultone followed by acidification with phosphotungstic acid (HPW) or diluted sulfuric acid produced magnetically recoverable solid acid catalysts, HPW‐ampsul‐SCMNPs and H‐ampsul‐SCMNPs, respectively. Both catalysts were characterized by various physicochemical analyses such as Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) and inductively coupled plasma‐optical emission (ICP‐OES) spectroscopies, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analyses. Finally, the catalytic activities of the prepared catalysts were examined in the esterification of acetic acid with butanol and acetalization of benzaldehyde with ethylene glycol. Excellent catalytic efficiencies were obtained in both cases. The catalysts were consecutively recovered and reused five times without significant loss of their activities.     

以对甲基苯磺酸作为淋洗液用离子色谱法测定酸雨中的有机酸

本文研究了用对甲基苯磺酸作为淋洗液测定液相中HCOO~-和CH_3COO~-的离子色谱条件,该方法对HCOO~-和CH_3COO~-的最低检出限分别为48ppb和93ppb。该方法与用进口的辛磺酸作为淋洗液的方法进行了对比实验,并用于两广实际酸雨样品中甲酸和乙酸的测量。     

Mechanochemical Complexation between Deoxycholic Acid and Salicylic Acid

A complex between deoxycholic acid (DCA) and salicylic acid (SA) was prepared by grinding and coprecipitation methods. The resultant complex was characterized by means of powder X-ray diffractometry, IR spectroscopy and thermal analysis. The stoichiometry (DCA : SA 1 : 1) of the complex obtained by grinding was identical to that obtained by coprecipitation. The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the DCA–SA complex differed from the typical pattern of DCA–guest complexes such as DCA–camphor and DCA–phenanthrene complexes. IR spectra suggested that a different kind of hydrogen bonding was formed in the crystal of the DCA–SA complex, compared with the other DCA–guest complexes. This was in good agreement with data from the crystal structure.     

硝酸氧解法提高泥炭中黄腐酸的产率

硝酸氧解法提高泥炭中黄腐酸的产率;腐植酸;硝酸氧化降解     

Determination of Monochloroacetic Acid and Dichloroacetic Acid for Quality Control of Acetic Acid Chlorination Industry by Ion Chromatography

An ion chromatographic method is described for the purpose of quality control in the process of monochloroacetic acid production. Using 2.5 mM NaOH–10% methanol as eluent, the simultaneous determination of acetic acid, monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, and Cl⁻ was obtained in a single run. Monochloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid showed good linearity in the range 0.1–20 and 0.15–20 μg/ml and correlation coefficients were 0.9999 and 0.9998, respectively. The detection limits (signal-to-noise ratio 3:1) of monochloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid were 17 and 25 ng/ml. This simple, sensitive, and time-saving method can be applied for composition analysis in acetic acid chlorination production.