Monte Carlo simulation of indoor external exposure due to gamma-emitting radionuclides in building materials

The use of building materials containing naturally occurring radionuclides such as^40K,^238U,^232Th and their progeny, could lead to external exposures to the residents of such buildings. In this paper, a set of models are constructed to calculate the specific effective dose rates（the effective dose rate per Bq/kg of ^40K, the ^238U series,and the ^232Th series） imposed on residents by building materials with the MCNPX code. The effect of chemical composition, position concerned in the room and thickness as well as density of material is analyzed. In order to facilitate more precise assessment of indoor external dose due to gamma-emitting radionuclides in building materials,three regressive expressions are proposed and validated by measured data to calculate specific effective rates for40 K,the238U series and the232 Th series, respectively.     

无机-有机纳米复合材料：有机氮氧自由基/MnPS3夹层物的合成与磁性

合成了一个无机,有机纳米复合物(MPYNN)0.14Mn0.93PS3,即有机氮氧自由基MPYNN(N-甲基吡啶阳离子自由基)的MnPS3夹层化合物.通过X-射线粉末衍射和红外光谱等对其结构进行了表征,根据其0.56 nm的层间距扩大值推测夹层化合物中的客体分子在层间采取了分子平面近乎垂直于主体层的排列方式.通过SQUID测试了所得到的夹层化合物的磁性,结果表明夹层化合物(MPYNN)0.14Mn0.93PS3在10 K以上具有顺磁特性,而在7 K时出现了一个明显的磁相变,表现出自发磁化.     

ACR树脂的热裂解气相色谱-质谱分析

裂解气相色谱一质谱联用法(PGC-MS)在对高聚物的定性,揭示高聚物的结构,如高聚物的单体、高聚物的链节和链节间的连接,以及高聚物中的添加剂和固化剂等的鉴定,尤其是在研究高聚物的结构与性能间的关系方面,具有很大的潜力[1-3].     

中红外波段二阶非线性光学晶体材料研究进展

新型无机红外波段二阶非线性光学晶体材料在光电子领域有着重要的应用，对它们的探索是当前非线性光学材料研究领域的难点和前沿方向之一。本文将材料按组成分成三大类（即经典的ABC₂型黄铜矿结构化合物，硫属元素其他化合物和AMX₃型卤化物），分别就新材料探索、已知材料的单晶生长等综述了近10余年来中红外波段二阶非线性光学晶体材料的研究进展。     

青海省唐古特铁线莲中齐墩果酸含量的测定

建立了唐古特铁线莲中齐墩果酸含量测定的HPLC方法。色谱条件:采用Phenomenex Luna C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相:乙腈-0.2%H3PO4(35:65),流速:1 mL/min,柱温:室温(25℃),检测波长:205 nm。齐墩果酸在0.0233～0.7000 mg范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为y=2E+06x+360803,R2=0.9917,回收率RSD为1.7%,并对青海省野生和栽培唐古特铁线莲中齐墩果酸进行了定量分析,结果显示前者平均值为0.1184%,后者平均值为0.0651%。方法可用以测定唐古特铁线莲中齐墩果酸的含量。     

12C离子束的剂量学研究

研究了L-α-丙氨酸剂量计测量^12C离子辐射的剂量学特性，实验证明丙氨酸剂量计适用于^12C离子辐射的剂量学测量。另外，还研究了^12C离子照射人外周血诱发的染色体畸变（双着丝粒＋着丝粒环）的剂量效应，在0-8．0Gy范围内拟合的最佳回归方程为Y=0．858503D＋0．3615×10^-2D^2。Dosimetric characteristics of L-α-alanine dosemeter used for dosimetry of ^12C ion radiation have been studied. The experimental results indicate that the alanine dosemeter can be used to measure the ^12C ion radiation. In addition, dose effects of chromosome aberration dicentrics and cenric rings were studied after human peripheral blood being irradiated by ^12C ions; the best regression equation, Y = 0. 858 503D ＋ 0. 361 5 ×10^-2D^2, was obtained within 8.0 Gy.     

多孔硅上贵金属的浸入沉积

将多孔硅浸入含贵金属盐的HF溶液20 s, 制备了Ag, Au, Pd和Pt的沉积层. AFM形貌显示, 这4种贵金属都能在多孔硅上直接沉积, 但Pt的沉积量比其他3种少. SEM图及能谱(Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, EDS)分析显示, 沉积层优先生长在孔边上, 孔边上的沉积量约是孔底的4.6倍. 电化学方法分析显示, Pd和Pt, Ag和Au的沉积层分别具有类似的开路电位和交流阻抗特性, 其中Pd层的溶出电流比其他3种大1个数量级, 而阻抗比其他小1个数量级, 说明Pd层与硅基底的结合程度好, 结合界面导电性好.     

特异性抗癌因子——凋亡素

凋亡素是一种抗癌因子, 能以非p53依赖性途径诱导不同类型人肿瘤细胞的凋亡, 不受Bcl 2的抑制作用, 且对正常细胞不起作用。 根据凋亡素的肿瘤特异性, 可将其作为一种极具潜力的抗肿瘤生物制剂, 在人体内大量传递给肿瘤细胞, 有选择性地根除肿瘤细胞。 论述了凋亡素抗肿瘤细胞的作用机理, 并对其应用现状、 前景及进一步研究的主要问题予以简要评述。Apoptin is an anti cancer gene. It can induce p53 independent,Bcl 2 insensitive type of apoptosis in various human tumor cells,and fails to induce programmed cell death in normal cell. Because of having tumor specificity, apoptin can be transferred enough to tumor cell in vivo,selectly kill the tumor as a potential anti tumor biological preparation. In this paper, we provide a brief review on the anti cancer mechanism of apoptin, current status and application prospect, and the main issues in apoptin studies.     

高效液相色谱法测定血样中苯的主要代谢产物

慢性苯中毒是职业中毒的三种常见病之一。本文参照有关文献试验了高效液相色谱法分离测定动物血中的苯主要代谢产物,并就高效液相色谱法的几个关键部分进行了讨论。