高压对大块（PrNd）xAl0．6Nb0．5Cu0．15B1．05Fe97．7-x合金微观结构和性能的影响冰

经配料、熔炼、制粉、成型和烧结后制备了（PrNd）xAl0．6Nb0．5Cu0．15B1．05Fe97．7-x（质量百分比）合金,将该合金分别采用1．5GPa和3．0GPa的压强进行压制,研究了此高压对其显微结构和磁性能的影响．分析发现,该块状合金承受的压强越高,其外观和微观结构破坏越严重,抗弯强度也会降低,但高温抗氧化性能却有一定程度的提高．与没有经过高压处理的磁体相比,经过1．5GPa和3．0GPa高压的样品最大磁能积分别提高了7．69kJ．m^-1和0．94kJ．m^-1,剩余磁通密度分别提高了0．02T和0．01L内禀矫顽力分别提高了20．06kA．m-1和30．33kA．m^-1．结果表明,高压对块状NdFeB烧结磁体的显微结构和力学性能及磁性能均有一定的影响．     

Y2Ba1Cu1O5-δ掺杂对Y1Ba2Cu3O7-δ的超导电性及其晶格结构的影响

本文采用固相反应法成功制备出一系列Y123与Y211的摩尔比为1：x（x=0、0．14、0．27、0．3、0．35、0．4、0．45、0．47、0．5、0．8、1．18）的样品．实验结果表明：在0．35≤x≤0．5范围内,Y123的起始转变温度Tonset临界转变温度Tc以及转变宽度△Tc都在x=0．47出现了拐点,这...     

非掺杂半绝缘LECGaAs的光电流谱

研究了非掺杂半绝缘ＬＥＣＧａＡｓ的非本征室温（３００Ｋ）光电流谱,在０．４－０．７０９ｅＶ范围发现了一个光响应响应宽带Ｍ１。Ｍ１带在０．４６、０．４９、０．５６、０．６５和０．６９ｅＶ处出现五个峰,其中０．４６、０．４９、０．５６和０．６９ｅＶ峰的起始阈值分别为０．４４、０．４７、０．５１和０．６７ｅＶ。本文讨论了Ｍ１带的起源,提出了０．４４、０．４７和０．５１ｅＶ光电阈值与铜受主,ＥＬ３和氧施主     

Ba0.97Ce0.8Ho0.2O3-α陶瓷的离子导电性及其燃料电池性能

用高温固相反应法制备了Ba0．97Ce0．8Ho0．2O3-α钙钛矿型氧化物固溶体,粉末X射线衍射表明,该固溶体为单相．研究了样品在高温下的离子导电性以及氢-空气燃料电池性能,并与BaCe0．8Ho0．2O3-α进行比较．结果表明,在潮湿氢气中、600-1000℃,BaCe0．8Ho0．2O3-α几乎表现为纯的质子导电性;在600-900℃时质子迁移数为1;在1000℃时质子的迁移数为0．99,与BaCe0．8Ho0．2O3-α相同;在600-700℃时Ba0．97Ce0．8Ho0．2O3-α也显示了纯的质子导电性,其质子迁移数为1;但在800-1000℃时Ba0．97Ce0．8Ho0．2O3-α的质子迁移数为0．99-0．96,质子导电性略低于BaCe0．8Ho0．2O3-α．在潮湿的空气中、600-1000℃下,这两个样品均显示了较低的质子和氧离子导电性,Ba0．97Ce0．8Ho0．2O3-α的质子和氧离子的迁移数分别为0．01- 0．11、0．30-0．31,BaCe0．8Ho0．2O3-α的质子和氧离子迁移数则分别为0．01-0．09、0．27-0．33．在潮湿氢气和空气中,Ba0．97Ce0．8Ho0．2O3-α的电导率均高于BaCe0．8Ho0．2O3-α．以Ba0．97Ce0．8Ho0．2O3-α为固体电解质的氢-空气燃料电池的性能高于BaCe0．8Ho0．2O3-α,在1000℃时,前者燃料电池的最大电流密度和功率密度分别为465 mA／cm2和112 mW／cm2．     

双掺杂La0.67+1.33xSr0.33-1.33xMn1-xMgxO3体系的磁性和输运行为

用标准的固相反应法制备了双掺杂La0.67 1．33xSr0．33-1．33xMn1-xMgxO3(x=0．00,0．05,0．10,0．15,0．20,0．25)多晶样品,研究了它们的磁性和输运行为。对x=0．10和0．15,在温度高于Tc^cnset时出现相分离;对x=0．20和0．25,在低温区出现反铁磁行为。低掺杂样品ρ-T关系存在金属．绝缘体相变,高掺杂样品在测量温区内仅显示绝缘体行为。这些奇异现象用M-H关系、ESR曲线和拉曼光谱给予了很好的解释。     

Pr0．45（Ca1-xSrx）0．55MnO3体系调带宽引起的磁相变及电输运性质转变

采用固相法制备了Pr0．45（Ca1-xSrx）0．55MnO3（x=0．0,0．2,0．4,0．6,0．8,1．0）多晶样品．通过测量样品的X射线衍射（XRD）谱、磁化强度-温度（M～T）曲线、电阻率-温度（ρ～T）曲线,研究了Sr^2＋替代Ca^2＋对Pr0．45Ca0．55MnO3体系磁性和电性的影响．实验发现：...     

Mn掺杂LiFeP04的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,计算了不同Mn掺杂浓度LiFel-xMn。P04（X=0,0．25,0．50,0．75）的电子结构．同时采用流变相辅助高温固相碳热还原法制备了LiFel-xMn。P04@=0,0．25,O．50,0．75）材料．理论计算表明：LiFeP04具有Eg=O．725eV的带隙宽度,为半导体材料．通过Fe位掺杂25％的Mn离子可最大程度地减小材料带隙宽度、降低Fe-0键及Li-O键键能,进而提高材料的电子电导率及锂离子扩散速率．实验结果亦表明,当Mn掺杂量0=0．25时,材料具有最优的电化学性能,其具有约为158mAh．g。的放电比容量以及551Wh．kg0的能量密度．理论计算与实验结果非常符合．     

BaF2替代BaO 对钡镓锗酸盐玻璃光学性质的影响

在摩尔分数组成x(BaO),r(Ga2O),r(GeO2)为0．20,0．15,0．65的玻璃中,分别以摩尔分数0．05,0．10．0．15和0．20的BaF2替代BaO,研究了氟化物对玻璃折射率和光吸收性质的影响。结果表明,在玻璃中加入氟化物．玻璃折射率和色散降低,玻璃的紫外吸收边向短波侧迁移,而红外吸收边无明显变化。不含氟化物的氧化物玻璃中含有大量的OH基．这些OH基在2．24μm、2．97μm和4．23μm附近引起光吸收．在含氟化物的玻璃中,2．24μm的吸收峰消失,而2．97μm和4．23μm附近的吸收大大减弱。讨论了各OH基吸收峰的起源,利用计算机技术对2．97μm附近的OH基吸收峰进行了高斯峰分离。玻璃在2．24μm的弱吸收可能来自H2O分子的一个伸缩模和两个振动模的结合(p 2ρ)．4．23μm吸收带是由与非桥O形成强氢键的OH基(T-OH…O^--T)伸缩振动引起,而中心位于2．7～3．2μm的OH吸收带为受不同程度氢键影响的OH基伸缩振动吸收．这些吸收带叠加导致OH吸收带出现非对称性加宽,吸收中心随玻璃中OH含量不同发生移动。     

钼盐涂覆－塞曼无火焰原子吸收法测定肿瘤患者血清中的微量镍

用钼盐涂覆石墨管，使ＧＦＡＡＳ测镍灵敏度大幅度提高，加入偏钒酸铵和镧为基体改进剂，消除干扰，特征质量为２４．８４ｐｇ／０．００４４Ａ．Ｓ．加标回收率９４．９７～１１１．１５％。标准偏差０．０３０９，ＣＶ８．１３％。     

LPCVD氮化硅薄膜室温高强度可见光发射

在５．０ｅＶ的激光激发下,在室温下ＬＰＣＶＤ氮化硅薄膜可发射高强度可见荧光,其峰位位置分别为２．９７,２．７７,２．５５,２．３２,２．１０和１．９０ｅＶ的六个ＰＬ峰,建立了其可见荧光发射的能隙态模型,并初步讨论了其发光机制．     

PMD统计模型的改进

对于PMD的研究,分段模型是较优的选择.原始模型经过数学推导, 可转化为迭代模型.转化后的模型物理意义明晰,在直观上便于看出PMD随光纤分段增加的累积过程,具有较强的移植性.理论分析指明了数值方法产生误差的缘由,给出了实用数值计算的迭代模式,对于PMD补偿具有指导意义,同时使计算变得简洁.     

氢化物发生ICP-AES法同时测定纯净水中的砷和汞

本文建立了氢化物发生ICP－AES法同时测定纯净水中砷和汞的方法,检出限分别为As1.7ug/L-Hg0.1ug/L,方法精密度（RSD）为As 3.46%,Hg2.85%,回收率为As92%-110%,Hg90-113%。     

INHOMOGENEOUS WAVES IN ANISOTROPIC POROUS LAYER OVERLYING SOLID BEDROCK

The problem of propagation of inhomogeneous waves in anisotropic porous layered medium is studied using transfer matrix. Firstly, transfer matrix for an anisotropic porous layer is derived. Biot's poro-elastic theory is incorporated to model the acoustics of anisotropic porous layer. The interface between porous layer and elastic half-space is considered as imperfect and modified boundary conditions are applied for this more realistic situation. The theory of transfer matrix is used to derive the analytical expression for the surface impedance. Numerical computation of results is done for different degrees of bonding in the low as well as high-frequency range. In the first case, which is relevant to geophysical studies, the surface impedance is predicted for low-frequency range and surface impedance for second model is computed in high-frequency range. It is observed that loose bondedness is accompanied by the loss of energy at the interface. The technique of transfer matrix is utilized to compute the surface impedance in both cases. The role of surface impedance in seismological studies and in the study of composites is discussed.     

Quantum theory of transverse galvano-magnetic phenomena

A quantum theory of electrical conduction in crosfsed electric and magnetic fields is given for the limit of very weak scattering. A density matrix formulation of the problem is used, and an arbitrary scattering mechanism is considered. The theory is found to be completely equivalent to theories given earlier by and by and .

Formulae are given for the resistivity in the quantum limit for both longitudinal and transverse orientations of electric field, for degenerate and non-degenerate statistics, and for several different scattering mechanisms. The oscillatory conductivity is calculated for acoustical and ionized-impurity scattering mechanisms. Formulae obtained for the quantum transport effects are in disagreement with the formulae of and of . The discrepancy is attributed to unwarranted approximations in those authors' treatments of scattering.     

On the stability of a self-similar spherical bubble of a scalar Higgs field in de Sitter space

An exact generalized discontinuous solution of the spherical-bubble type is obtained for a scalar Higgs field in de Sitter space. It is shown that the radius of such a generalized bubble evolves in accordance with one of the exact solutions to a dynamical problem considered previously for the bubble radius in the thin-wall approximation, where the bubble-wall thickness is negligible in relation to the bubble radius. Both the generalized solution and the self-similar bubble-type solution that was obtained earlier for the Higgs field in de Sitter space are studied for stability: it is shown that the former is stable, while the latter is unstable in this space. A physical interpretation of the reasons for the instability of the self-similar solution is given.     

The Generation of Current in Tokamaks by the Absorption of Waves in the Electron Cyclotron Frequency Range

The theory of current generation due to the absorption of high-frequency waves is developed for the case in which the propagation of the waves is described in the geometrical optics approximation. An expression for the current generated is obtained which is similar in fornn to the expression for the rate of energy deposition. This expression is incorporated in a toroidal ray tracing code to study current generation due to the absorption of waves in the electron cyclotron frequency range. The dependence of the current generated on temperature and angle of injection for the joint Naval Research Laboratory-Oak Ridge National Laboratory experiment on ISXB is studied.     

An analytic study of the friedel criterion in disordered magnetic states in transition metals in the presence ofS-D hybridisation,using the cluster bethe lattice approach

In this paper we present a new theory for including both short range order and long range order simultaneously in the well known cluster Bethe lattice method for binary alloys. We have used this theory for obtaining the Friedel criterion for the appearance of magnetic moments in disordered states using the single band Hubbard model. This is followed by a study of this criterion in a two-bands-d hybridised Hubbard model, which is considered as a simulation of real transition metals. A new technique for solving this problem in the Bethe lattice network is presented, which yields an analytic solution for the critical correlation strength in the presence of hybridisation and short range order. It is found that in all cases hybridisation tends to diminish the tendency for magnetisation, which is in accord with physical expectations.     

On the theory of nonlinear response in a nonideal plasma

A theory of nonlinear response is developed for studying nonlinear phenomena and nonlinear transport processes in nonideal Coulomb systems. Temporal plasma echo and transformation of waves in a nonideal Coulomb system are studied on the basis of the theory of nonlinear response to mechanical perturbations. General constraints imposed on nonlinear response functions are considered, and the model for determining quadratic response functions is formulated. The conditions for the emergence of temporal plasma echo and wave transformation are determined. It is shown that these nonlinear effects in a nonideal plasma can be initiated by ultrashort field pulses. A theory of transport is developed for determining the Burnett transport properties of a nonideal multielement plasma. A procedure is proposed for comparing the phenomenological conservation equations for a charged continuous medium and equations of motion for the operators of corresponding dynamic variables. The Mori algorithm is used for deriving the equations of motion for operators of dynamic variables in the form of generalized Langevin equations. The linearized Burnett approximation is considered in detail. The properties of the matrices of coefficients of higher-order derivatives in the system of conservation equations in the linearized Burnett approximation, which are important for hydrodynamic applications, are discussed. Various versions of the theory of nonlinear response are compared.