掠出射X射线荧光分析方法

报道了由中国科学院高能物理研究所自行研制的掠出射X射线荧光分析(GEXRF)装置.掠出射X射线荧光分析不仅可以测量薄膜的成分, 而且可确定薄膜的厚度, 密度和化学成分随深度的变化.利用该装置, 在X射线发生器和北京同步辐射装置上, 对硅基体上的金属薄膜(Ni, Ni/Ti)和砷化镓晶体进行了掠出射X射线荧光分析. 所得结果表明, 掠出射X射线荧光分析是一种分析薄膜厚度, 密度等特性的有力工具.     

推广的与时间无关的噪声算法和相关的分支问题

1.引言 优化问题可以归结为求某个实值函数在某一区域内的最小值。假设f(X)是连续光滑函数,求点X~*∈ΩR~n,使 f(X~*)=minf(X)≡f~* X∈Ω其中ΩR~n是有界区域。传统的确定性算法只能得到局部最优解。S.Kirkpatrik,Gelatt和Vecchi提出的模拟退火算法(SA),通过对确定性算法引入噪声,从理论上解决了这一问题。     

Versal unfolding of equivariant bifurcation problems in more general case under two equivalent groups

For the unfolding of equivariant bifurcation problems with two types of state variables in the presence of parameter symmetry,the versal unfolding theorem with respect to left-right equivalence is obtained by using the related methods and techniques in the singularity theory of smooth map-germs.The corresponding results in[4,9]can be considered as its special cases.A relationship between the versal unfolding w.r.t.left-right equivalence and the versal deformation w.r.t.contact equivalence is established.     

ECR离子源束流发射度的实验研究

利用最新自行研制的电扫描发射度探测系统, 在ECR离子源上进行了一系列关于ECR离子源引出束流发射度的研究. 这套电扫描发射度探测系统安装在中国科学院近代物理研究所(兰州)的LECR3试验平台的束运线上. 试验中, 通过测量相关参数, 研究了磁场、微波、掺气效应及负偏压效应等对引出束流发射度的影响. 利用实验所得的结果与关于ECR等离子体和离子源束流发射度的半经验理论, 分析推导了离子源各可调参数与ECR等离子体的直接关系, 这为分析探索ECR离子源的工作机制提供了一定的参考依据.     

SECRAL在18GHz频率下产生强流高电荷态离子束的初步结果

A Superconducting ECR ion source with Advanced design in Lanzhou (SECRAL) was successfully built to produce intense beams of highly charged ions for Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL).The ion source has been optimized to be operated at 28GHz for its maximum performance.The superconducting magnet confinement configuration of the ion source consists of three axial solenoid coils and six sextupole coils with a cold iron structure as field booster and clamping.For 28GHz operation,the magnet assembly can produce peak mirror fields on axis 3.6T at injection,2.2T at extraction and a radial sextupole field of 2.0T at plasma chamber wall.A unique feature of SECRAL is that the three axial solenoid coils are located inside of the sextupole bore in order to reduce the interaction forces between the sextupole coils and the solenoid coils. During the ongoing commissioning phase at 18GHz with a stainless steel chamber,tests with various gases and some metals have been conducted with microwave power less than 3.2kW and it turned out the performance is very promising.Some record ion beam intensities have been produced,for instance,810eμA of O~(7 ),505eμA of Xe~(20 ),306eμA of Xe~(27 ),21eμA of Xe~(34 ),2.4eμA of Xe~(38 ) and so on.To reach better results for highly charged ion beams,further modifications such as an aluminium chamber with better cooling,higher microwave power and a movable extraction system will be done,and also emittance measurements are being prepared.     

SECRAL超导磁体系统的结构分析

An advanced superconducting ECR ion source named SECRAL has been constructed at Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences,whose superconducting magnet assembly consists of three axial solenoid coils and six sextupole coils with a cold iron structure as field booster and clamp.In order to investigate the structure of sextupole coils and to increase the structural reliabilities of the magnet system, global and local structural analysis have been performed in various operation scenarios.Winding pack and support structure design of magnet system,mechanical calculation and stress analysis are given in this paper. From the analysis results,it has been found that the magnet system is safe in the referential operation scenarios and the configuration of the magnet complies with design requirements of the SECRAL.     

PPEKK/PEI共混物的相容性及拉伸性能

作为相容体系 ,聚芳醚酮与聚醚酰亚胺 (ＰＥＩ)共混物体系的研究受到了研究者的重视[1～ 4] .由于现在已商品化的聚芳醚酮基本上都是半结晶型聚合物 ,所以有有关无定型聚芳醚酮与聚醚酰亚胺共混物的研究鲜见报道 .含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳醚酮酮 (ＰＰＥＫＫ)是一种新型耐高温聚合物 ,相比于已经商品化的各种聚芳醚酮 ,ＰＰＥＫＫ除具有优异的综合性能外 ,它最大的特点表现在以下两方面 ,ＰＰＥＫＫ耐热性突出 ,玻璃化转变温度 (Ｔｇ)为 2 4 5℃左右 ,远高于各种商品化的聚芳醚酮 ;ＰＰＥＫＫ为无定型聚合物 ,易溶于多种有机极性溶剂 ,大大的扩…     

纤维排列方式对复合材料总体粘弹性常数的影响

对于金属基或高分子聚合物基复合材料，在特定情况下会表现出明显的粘弹性特性。本文采用Riemann—Liouville形式的分数阶导数模型描述基体的粘性特性，通过渐进均匀化方法给出了预测纤维加强复合材料整体本构关系的解析表达式，给出应用于基体具有Makris粘弹性关系的具体形式。最后，考察了圆截面纤维正方形排列和对角排列时的总体粘弹性弹性常数随纤维比的变化曲线。结果表明，这类复合材料仍具有粘弹性特性，其整体粘弹性本构关系的弹性部分综合了纤维弹性和基体弹性的贡献，粘性部分来自基体粘性的贡献，复合材料具有和基体相同的粘性系数和分数阶。为分析微结构特征对整体特性的贡献，须求解两类局部问题。在相同纤维体积比情况下，正方形排列的总体弹性系数大于正方形对角排列，而粘性常数相反。     

微反应器在合成化学中的应用

微反应器在传质、换热方面具有较明显的优势,可以强化混合和精确控温,还可以大大缩短工艺筛选和工艺放大的周期。 本文着重从液相反应、气相反应和气/液反应3个方面对微反应技术在合成中的应用做了较详细的评述,同时也简略介绍了其在光化学和电化学反应中的应用,并概要介绍了微反应技术现阶段存在的问题。     

Judd-Ofelt光谱分析理论

对Judd-Ofelt光谱分析理论(J-O理论)的发展和应用进行了综述。J-O理论用于分析固体中的稀土离子的吸收、发射光谱,可计算它们的跃迁几率、谱线强度、能级寿命、发射截面等。在J-O理论中考虑J混合后,可使理论和实验结果更好地吻合。采用改进的J-O理论,可较好地对Pr3+光谱进行分析。由TPM方法,可用非极化光透射光谱来分析各向异性晶体的光谱性质,并且对样品的加工无特殊定向要求。对于重叠吸收光谱带,拟合J-O参数时可以近似为一个带进行处理。利用荧光寿命也可对J-O参数进行计算。