超导离子源铌三锡六极线圈镜像磁场约束结构的优化设计

中国科学院近代物理研究所正在进行国际首台45 GHz全铌三锡超导离子源FECR(Fourth Electron Cyclotron Resonance)磁体的研制，该离子源磁体线圈由六个铌三锡超导六极线圈和四个铌三锡超导螺线管线圈组成。由于单根超导线绕制异形六极线圈(非标准鞍型)技术难度大，且铌三锡超导性能对应力敏感，为了测试单个铌三锡六极线圈性能能否达到设计指标，基于铝合金壳层结构和Bladder-Key精确预紧技术，设计了镜像磁场约束结构。本工作主要阐述了运用ANSYS参数化设计编程对镜像磁场结构进行优化设计的过程和优化后的镜像磁场结构，确定了室温预应力大小，并给出了线圈经过室温预紧、冷却降温和加电励磁后的最大等效应力。进一步结合实际六极线圈制作公差(±0.1 mm)，分析和评估了公差对镜像磁场结构中六极线圈预应力施加的影响。     

ECR源低能强流高电荷态离子束四维发射度测量仪的研制

为全面研究ECR（Electron Cyclotron Resonance）离子源引出的高电荷态离子束流品质,获取ECR离子源引出离子束流的横向四维相空间分布,提高向加速器的注入效率,中国科学院近代物理研究所研制了一台高精度Pepper Pot型发射度测量仪PEMiL（Pepper pot Emittance Meter in Lanzhou）。根据使用需求,利用KBr晶体喷涂技术取代传统的CsI闪烁体成像技术,解决了束流光斑重叠效应,获得了边界清晰的束流图像;并开发了相应的数据处理分析程序,以分析处理得到的束流横向四维相空间分布。利用PEMiL获得了75 keV,170 eμA的O5+束流横向四维发射度。分析结果表明:PEMiL测量分析后的束流发射度结果可靠性高,荧光屏电荷累积效应造成的发射度差异不超过25%,PEMiL可作为ECR离子源引出离子束流品质诊断的有效装置。     

首次使用核反应法鉴别JUNA深地加速器A/q=2的束流种类

JUNA团队计划利用CJPL所提供的极低本底条件和400 kV高压平台上2.45 GHz ECR离子源产生的毫安量级束流首次在天体物理能区对关键核反应进行直接测量。实验需要10 emA的质子束流和He+束流以及2 emA的He2+束流。使用2.45 GHz离子源产生毫安量级的He2+束流是离子源制造的难点。由于离子源分析磁铁分辨能力有限,无法区分He2+和H+₂离子,本文首次使用核反应法对离子源产生的A/q=2的束流进行了鉴别,结果显示,JUNA项目2.45 GHz ECR离子源无法产生毫安量级的He2+束流。该研究成果为JUNA项目离子源的设计提供了重要的参考依据。JUNA团队另外研制了一台微波频率为14.5 GHz的ECR离子源并成功产生2 emA的He2+束流来满足实验需求。     

电偏转扫描法测量高电荷态ECR源发射度

成功地研制了一套适合于低能离子束流发射度测量的电偏转扫描探测器.对该探测器的原理和结构作了较详细的描述,并给出该探测器对兰州近代物理研究所高电荷态ECR源LECR3引出离子束流发射度的测量结果.典型结果为:在引出高压为15.97kV,引出束流为190μA时,O⁴⁺水平发射度(x方向)为137πmm·mrad,垂直发射度(y方向)为120πmm·mrad(包括90%束流).最后,对测量结果作了一些分析和讨论.     

ECR离子源六极永磁体的设计研究

分别从材料、结构、尺寸等方面全面地研究了Halbach结构六极永磁铁的设计方法.针对个别磁块可能存在的退磁问题给出了相应的解决方案.通过优化结构,使六极磁铁在离子源等离子体弧腔内壁产生的磁场达到最大.用POISSON,PERMAG,TOSCA等多个磁场模拟程序计算模拟了六极磁场的大小与分布,并给出了一些相应的曲线     

2.45 GHz ECR离子源的微波阻抗匹配

ECR离子源的等离子体阻抗对其微波传输与阻抗匹配设计至关重要。在中国科学院近代物理研究所现有的2.45 GHz ECR 质子源上,对等离子体阻抗进行了测量。首先用水吸收负载代替等离子体负载测量得到了所用微波窗阻抗,然后根据质子源测量数据,推算得到了等离子体阻抗。实验结果表明,脊波导输出端阻抗与后续负载不完全匹配,等离子体阻抗随微波功率变化呈非线性。这些结果为ECR离子源过渡匹配和微波窗的设计提供了参考依据。Plasma impedance of an ECR ion source is important for microwave transmission and impedance matching design. Plasma impedance was measured indirectly with the 2.45 GHz ECR proton source at the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. In the test, we got microwave window mpedance by using water absorption load instead of plasma load, and the source plasma impedance was derived from the test data with the 2.45 GHz ECR proton source and microwave window impedance. The experimental results show that ridge waveguide output impedance and the subsequent load does not exactly match, plasma impedance variation is nonlinear with microwave power. The achievedresult is useful in the design of ridged waveguide and microwave window.     

强流ECR离子源引出系统研究

为了提高强流ECR 离子源的引出束流品质,分别设计了1# 和2# 引出系统,利用束流引出模拟软件PBGUNS 对1# 和2# 引出系统进行了质子束流引出与传输的模拟计算,结合实际测得的发射度数据分析引出系统,发现2# 引出系统比1# 引出系统引出束流品质高。对ECR 离子源引出系统的电势等位线分布等参数引起的球差进行了简单数学推导及MATLAB 绘图,并结合1# 和2# 引出系统束流相图模拟结果证明了球差会使引出束流品质有效发射度增长,通过适当加大电极孔径可改善束流聚焦情况,得到了束流光学聚焦较好的束流引出系统设计。To improve the quality of extracted ion beam from a high current ECR ion source, 1# and 2# extraction systems were designed and tested. The PBGUNS code was used to simulate the 1# and 2# extraction systems of proton ion beam. The emittance measurement results with the two different extraction systems were compared and analyzed with the simulation, the conclusion that more high quality beam extracted from 2# system than 1# system was got. The formula derivation of ECR ion source extraction system spherical aberration and MATLAB drawing was done by the analyzing on the distribution of extraction field equipotentials, effective emittance increasing caused by spherical berration was proved by 1# and 2# extraction systems beam phase space simulation result, beam focusing would be improved if electrode hole size increasing appropriately and a general concept on good optics focusing of ion beam extraction system was proposed finally.     

SECRAL等离子体韧致辐射谱的测量

The axial emitted bremsstrahlung spectra were measured on SECRAL(Superconducting ECR ion source with Advanced design in Lanzhou)using an HPGe detector.The spectral temperature T_(spe) was obtained from the linear fit of the spectra in the semi-log present.The evolution of T_(spe) with microwave power and magnetic field configuration is investigated in this paper.     

高压原子物理实验平台和物理研究规划

介绍了高压原子物理平台束流线的主要结构和特点,简要分析了利用高压平台真空原子分子物理研究需求,讨论了开展原子分子物理、表面物理、材料物理和生物物理相关的物理研究的可能性.     

Charge state distribution analysis of Al and Pb ions from thelaser ion source at IMP

A prototype laser ion source that could demonstrate the possibility of producing intense pulsed high charge state ion beams has been established with a commercial Nd:YAG laser (E_max=3 J,1064 nm,8-10 ns) to produce laser plasma for the research of Laser Ion Source (LIS). At the laser ion source test bench,high purity (99.998%) aluminum and lead targets have been tested for laser plasma experiment. An Electrostatic Ion Analyzer (EIA) and Electron Multiply Tube (EMT) detector were used to analyze the charge state and energy distribution of the ions produced by the laser ion source. The maximum charge states of Al¹²⁺ and Pb⁷⁺ were achieved. The results will be presented and discussed in this paper.