Cu-ZnO-ZrO2甲醇水蒸气重整催化剂的原位Raman表征

应用显微Raman光谱对Cu-ZnO-ZrO₂(Zr 24%,w)催化剂催化甲醇水蒸气重整(SRM)反应进行原位表征,并将结果与相同催化剂上的甲醇合成(MS)反应进行对比,结果表明:在SRM反应时,催化剂表面出现四个宽峰,其中544.8和652.8cm^-1分别为CuO-ZnO和ZrO₂的Raman吸收峰,而1361.8 cm^-1为HCOO-Cu对称伸缩振动吸收峰,在1590.3 cm^-1附近的谱峰归属于甲酸物种中OCO的不对称伸缩振动.在由CO-CO₂-H₂合成气合成甲醇时,在1350 cm^-1和分别在1550,1585,1595cm^-1出现两个甲酸根表面物种和甲酸盐的振动吸收谱带.因此,在Cu-ZnO-ZrO₂催化剂上的甲醇合成和甲醇水蒸气重整存在相同的甲酸根中间体,这一结果将有助于对甲醇合成和甲醇水蒸气重整反应机理的理解.     

高功率准分子激光沉积类金刚石膜的结构及性能

采用高功率和高频率准分子激光器在高真空及H₂和N₂气氛下沉积类金刚石膜.利用Raman光谱和电子衍射方法分析了膜的微结构.Raman光谱呈典型DLC膜的特征,G峰位于1528cm^-1,D峰位于1327cm^-1,为一大的肩峰,电子衍射图象呈多晶电子衍射特征,可观察到5个同心圆环,由此计算出的面间距与金刚石(111),(200),(220),(331)和(332)面间距相符.红外吸收光谱测量结果表明,在Ge片上单面镀类金刚石膜具有明显的红外增透效果,在1000～3000cm^-1范围内红外透过率达到55%以上.用原子力显微镜和SEM观察了表面形貌,用显微硬度计和显微划痕仪测试了膜的硬度与附着力.     

镁热还原法制备圆片状氮化硼多晶微粉

采用三氧化二硼(B₂O₃)、氯化铵(NH₄Cl)和镁粉为反应物, 以三氧化二铁(Fe₂O₃)为催化剂, 利用镁热还原法在700～850 ℃下反应, 制备了氮化硼多晶微粉. X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明, 产物为六方相, 晶格常数a=0.2499 nm, c=0.6682 nm. 产物的红外光谱中在790和1380 cm^-1处出现了六方氮化硼的特征吸收峰. 利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察到产物为圆片状颗粒, 平均直径约为0.9 μm, 平均厚度约为100 nm. 讨论了Fe2O3的存在对产物形成的影响.     

超高分子量聚乙烯的红外光谱的特性研究

研究了超高分子量聚乙烯(M_w>1×10⁵)的红外光谱-温度特性.3条非晶谱带(1368、1352和1304cm^-1)的吸收强度均随温度升高而增大,但都比普通分子量聚乙烯增加的小,尤以高于140℃更甚.分子链中次甲基的近程构象序列分布随温度的变化不受分子量的影响,但旁式构象序列分布则随温度升高而增大.升温和降温过程的红外光谱均表明1352和1304cm^-1两谱带随结晶状态的变化比1368cm^-1更敏感.     

I2-1-己烯复合物电子转移振动重组能的共振拉曼强度分析

获得了I₂-1-己烯复合物的吸收横截面和绝对共振拉曼横截面.用约270 nm光激发导致复合物的I-I伸缩振动模和C-C伸缩振动模等拉曼基频、泛频及其组合频强度的共振增强.采用含时波包理论的简单模型定量确定I₂-1-己烯复合物的光致电子转移振动重组能和均质展宽.总振动重组能3 744 cm^-1分布于4个振动模,贡献最大是I-I伸缩振动v₁₃,其值为2 490 cm^-1,约占总振动重组能的2/3.其次为C-C伸缩振动v₄₆,其值为1 170 cm^-1,约为总振动重组能的1/3.剩余2%的振动重组能是由烷基CH₃和CH₂的扭转振动v₃₆和v₂₄贡献.     

食品中苏丹红Ⅰ和辣椒红的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱与激发-发射矩阵荧光光谱鉴别

利用表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱及激发-发射矩阵(EEM)荧光光谱对食品中非法添加剂苏丹红Ⅰ和合法食品添加剂辣椒红进行了定性分析和检测. SERS光谱结果表明, 苏丹红Ⅰ在低波数区域分子的扭转振动信号增强比较明显; 而辣椒红在1521和1158 cm^-1处拉曼信号增强效果比较明显; EEM荧光光谱结果表明, 苏丹红Ⅰ的乙醇溶液在P₁(λ_ex=285 nm, λ_em=345 nm)和P₂(λ_ex= 335 nm, λ_em=548 nm)处有2个明显的荧光特征峰; 而辣椒红的乙醇溶液有3个特征荧光峰, 分别为P₁(λ_ex=545 nm, λ_em=580 nm), P₂(λ_ex=560 nm, λ_em=665 nm)和P₃(λ_ex=608 nm, λ_em=672 nm).     

一种高效窄带蓝色荧光粉Ba3Y2B6O15:Bi3+及其应用研究

目前,高效窄带荧光粉的研发对于白光发光二极管(WLED)向高性能液晶显示器背光源的应用至关重要.本工作采用高温固相法制备了一种高效窄带蓝色荧光粉Ba₃Y₂B₆O₁₅:Bi³⁺,并对其结构和性能进行了表征和计算.计算表明,Ba₃Y₂B₆O₁₅的带隙较宽,为4.67 eV,宽的带隙为高效率荧光粉提供了保障. Ba₃Y₂B₆O₁₅:0.5%Bi³⁺(0.5%为摩尔分数)的发射光谱峰值在409nm,半峰宽仅为2168cm^-1 (36.2nm),属于窄带蓝光发射.Ba₃Y₂B₆O₁₅:0.5%Bi³⁺的内量子效率高达93.8%,色纯度也高达98.9%,其热稳定性能...     

含氮杂冠醚和核酸碱基双亲聚合物的合成及性能

设计合成了含氮杂冠醚和胸腺嘧啶的双亲聚合物聚[N,N-二乙氧基-1,10-二氮杂-18冠-6-5-甲基-胸腺嘧啶-异酞酸酯](PCTSE). 用SEM观测到其在水溶液中自发聚集成直径为150~220 nm的纳米球; 用动态光散射测得PCTSE纳米球水溶液的粒径分布主要集中在130~240 nm, 用FTIR研究了PCTSE/腺嘌呤中胸腺嘧啶与底物腺嘌呤的分子识别作用, 结果表明, 聚合物中胸腺嘧啶环上C₄=O伸缩振动峰从1670 cm^-1位移至1664 cm^-1, 表明胸腺嘧啶与腺嘌呤间形成了氢键. 变温红外光谱表明, 该峰又随温度的升高逐渐向高波数位移, 最后位移到识别前的1670 cm^-1处, 表明所形成的氢键断裂.     

密闭高压法合成桥连金属四苯基卟啉多聚物

采用密闭高压法合成出一系列桥连金属四苯基卟啉多聚物[M(TPP)L]_n[M＝Fe(Ⅲ),Co(Ⅱ),Mn(Ⅱ),Cu(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ);L＝吡嗪,咪唑,联吡啶].通过固体紫外反射、光电压和红外等方法予以表征.在固体紫外反射和光电压光谱中,金属卟啉聚合物的Soret带均发生了显著蓝移.在红外光谱中,单体Co(TPP)(pyz)₂在1598cm^-1处显示一个强吸收,而聚合物[Co(TPP)(pyz)]_n在1600cm^-1附近仅有极弱的吸收,单体在3482,3423,2921,2854,1004,792和611cm^-1处出现的强吸收在聚合物中接近消失,说明此聚合物与单体相比对称性增加,而单体在1644,1353和1070cm^-1处的吸收分别向高场方向位移13,25和15cm^-1.实验中还发现,对于不同中心金属离子,反应完成的时间不同,时间由短到长的顺序为:Co(Ⅱ)＞Fe(Ⅲ)＞Ni(Ⅱ)＞Cu(Ⅱ)＞Mn(Ⅲ);不同桥连配体反应完成的时间由短到长顺序是联吡啶＞吡嗪＞咪唑.     

丙烯酸酯紫外光固化材料表面的XPS研究

分别在不同的固化氛围(空气和氮气)下对配方相同的双酚A环氧丙烯酸树脂进行紫外光固化,得到了具有不同表面能的固化膜.利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS),在不同的掠射角(60°和90°)下表征了固化膜样品的元素组成、电子结合能、相对含量以及表面官能团类型.结果表明:不同的固化环境会导致材料表面能的差异.与空气下固化的材料相比,氮气下固化的材料表面C_1s和O_1s原子的结合能均向低结合能方向位移,且低结合能的C—C/C—H含量大于前者的含量,而相对高结合能的CO和C—O含量均小于前者.在空气下固化时,其表面高结合能的单键氧含量大于氮气下固化的材料表面.材料表面与基材所形成的界面间的原子结合能以及原子各种结合状态的相对含量也不同.如在氮气下固化时,材料表面C_1s原子的结合能为286.62eV,而玻璃界面的结合能为287.48eV,且两面中C_1s和O_1s原子5种结合状态的相对含量都有差异.材料自身组分在固化过程中的迁移,使固化膜中C_1s和O_1s的原子浓度由表及里存在一定的梯度分布.CO和C—O等基团含量从表面到本体逐渐增多,而C—C/C—H含量从表面到本体逐渐减少.     

C_(60)离子束撞击固体表面的坍塌沉积(Ⅰ)共焦显微拉曼光谱研究

为了研究C60的结构特性，我们最近在实验中将加这后的C60离子束沉积在固体表面，对其沉积后的形态进行了共焦显微拉曼光谱的表征．在记录的光谱中已检测不出C60原有的特征谱问，说明C60离子在高速憧击固体表面后，已经完全失去了原有的球状构型．C60的t）［R实验在自制的串级飞     

C60离子束撞击固体表面的坍塌沉积(I)共焦显微拉曼光谱研究

Raman spectroscopy was applied to characterize the species deposited from the mass-selected C60 ion beam which was accelerated to 900 eV. The substrates for the deposition were (0001) surface of highly oriented pyrolitic graphite and (111) surface of gold crystal. The species do not exhibit the Raman scattering features of buckminsterfullerene, but displays peaks at 1585 and 1332 cm-1 instead. The former peak is the chararteristic Ranan peak of hexagonal graphite, and the latter can be attributed to the amorphous carbon in sp3 hybridization. The result reveals that C60 was collapsed to form a new phase when it collides on the solid surface.     

二苄基二硫的晶体拉曼光谱、红外光谱和正则坐标计算

Allum等人~[1]在研究一系列含S—S键化合物的振动光谱时曾给出二苄基二硫在810—400 cm~(-1)范围内的经验谱带指定。本文报道了二苄基二硫的晶体拉曼光谱(40—3100 cm~(-1))和红外光谱(70—3100 cm~(-1)), 在苯与烷烃力场的基础上做了正则坐标计算。综合这多方面的信息, 对于180 cm~(-1)以上的全部红外及拉曼谱带给出了指认。同时对取代苯的力场作了分析讨论。     

红外反射光谱法在金属表面光洁度表征中的应用

本研究利用傅里叶变换红外反射光谱技术,通过对比不同光洁度的金属表面红外反射光谱图,建立了利用傅里叶变换红外反射光谱表征金属表面光洁度的方法,本文从红外反射光谱图4000cm-1～600cm-1、3400cm-1～2600cm-1波段的斜率及4000cm-1、3000cm-1、2000cm-1波数处的反射率两方面进行考察,结果表明,斜率和某一波数处的反射率均能用来表征金属表面的光洁度,且具有较高的准确性。     

SF6在低温Ar基体中的红外光谱研究

Infrared spectra of SF_6 trapped in cryogenic matrix of argon have been measured. Five peaks are observed at the frequencies of 938.51, 938.05, 937.55, 939.82 and 936.22 cm~(-1) for the v_3 mode. Varying the concentration of SF_6 in argon matrix and diffusion studies indicate that the 937.55 cm~(-1) peak is due to SF_6 aggregate and the others arise from monomer. The changes in relative intensities with annealing show that there are at least three different trapping sites for monomeric SF_6 in argon lattice. The result that the increase in intensity of the peak at 938.03 cm~(-1) parallels the decrease in that of the peak at 938.51 cm~(-1) implies a temperature-induced-change in the site population.     

Catalytic synthesis and photoluminescence of gallium nitride nanowires

Single crystalline wurzite GaN nanowires were successfully synthesized on the NiO catalyzed alumina substrate through a simple thermal chemical vapor deposition method. The mixture of Ga and GaN powder was used as the source material of Ga for synthesizing GaN nanowires. The diameter of nanowires ranged 50–60 nm and the length was about hundreds of micrometers. The nanowires were single crystal with hexagonal wurzite structure. The peaks of Raman spectra of GaN nanowires appeared broadened and asymmetric compared with those of bulk GaN. PL spectra under excitation at 325 nm showed a strong emission at 3.315 eV from near band-edge transition and a broad weak emission at 2.695 eV related to deep level defects.     

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering and polarized photoluminescence from catalytically grown CdSe nanobelts and sheets

We have successfully fabricated single-crystalline CdSe nanowires, nanobelts, and sheets by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method assisted with laser ablation. The synthesized CdSe nanostructures have hexagonal wurtzite phase as characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). CdSe nanobelts can range in length from several tens to a hundred micrometers, in thickness from 40 to 70 nm, and a tapered width which is approximately 3 microm at one end and tapers off to approximately 100 nm at a catalytic gold particle. Both selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopic (HRTEM) measurements show that the single-crystalline hexagonal belts and sheets grew along the [0.1-1.0] direction with side surface of +/-(0 0 0 1) and top surface of +/-(2 -1 -1 0). While the growth mechanism of nanobelts complies with a combination of vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) and vapor-solid (VS) processes, the formation of sheets is primarily based on the VS mechanism. For comparison, the phonon modes of CdSe nanobelts and bulk powder have been measured by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and normal Raman scattering (NRS) spectroscopies with off- and near-resonant excitations. A blue-shift of 2.4 cm(-1) for the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon of CdSe nanobelts, relative to bulk CdSe, is attributed to a lattice contraction in the belt structure, which is confirmed by the XRD measurement. Room-temperature microphotoluminescence (PL) at approximately 1.74 eV from single CdSe nanobelts shows a 3-fold enhancement compared to that from bulk CdSe powder and displays a partial polarization dependence of emission angles.     

INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF CONFORMATIONAL DEFECTS OF POLYBENZAMIDE

Theoretical results of normal coordinate analysis of polybenzamide performed with two conformational isomerized models, the cis trans and the all-trans conformation, have been adopted to examine a number of infrared spectra of films of the polymer treated in a subsequent annealing process and a cooling process. It shows, in this investigation, that two sets of infrared spectral profiles around 1400 cm~(-1) and 900 cm~(-1) behave quite attractively. Their spectral behaviours have been correlated to the conformational defect variation in samples, and reasonably predicted by the normal coordinate calculation.     

铜电极上CN-、SCN-电化学行为的现场红外反射吸收光谱研究

本文用循环伏安法和现场红外光谱方法研究了铜电极上CN~-和SCN~-的电化学行为。对于0.5mol~(-1)L~(-1)NaCN+0.5 mol L~(-1)NaF/Cu体系, 电极电势在-1.60至0.30 V(相对SCE)范围内, 2030—2230 cm~(-1)范围内可得到三个吸收峰, 位置分别为2076, 2094和2170 cm~(-1)。2076和2170 cm~(-1)峰分别对应于溶液中CN~-和表面沉积难溶化合物CuCN。2094 cm~(-1)峰是吸附态CN~-和溶液中配合物Cu(CN)_3~2二物种的红外吸收叠加。对于0.5 molL~(-1)NaSCN+0.5 molL~(-1)NaF/Cu体系, 在上述电势范围内可得到2060, 2177和2170 cm~(-1)三个红外吸收峰, 分别对应于溶液中的SCN~-, 吸附态的SCN~-和表面难溶化合物CuNCS。     

Structural and optical properties of Na doped ZnO nanocrystalline thin films synthesized using sol–gel spin coating technique

Sodium (Na) doped Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films have been deposited on a glass substrate by the sol–gel spin coating method. Effect of doping with various percentages of Na at a particular annealing temperature of 500 °C is studied. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), micro-photoluminescence, Raman and Polarized Raman spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction and micro-Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of Na substitution in zinc oxide and the wurtzite structure of the lattice is retained. An enhancement of resonant Raman scattering processes as well as longitudinal optical phonon overtones up to the fifth order were observed in the micro Raman spectra. The similar values of depolarization ratios obtained from Polarized Raman studies recommend no change in the symmetry. Photoluminescence showed a strong emission peak in the near UV at 3.2 eV and negligible visible emission.