大孔硅胶聚合物键合相的制备及其在蛋白质分离中的应用

大孔硅胶与乙烯基硅烷反应后，再与甲基 丙烯酸羟乙基酯和二乙烯基苯共聚成一种新型分离蛋白质的反相色谱填料。     

硅基高交联磺化PS-DVB离子交换剂的研究

采用活化硅小球与双乙烯基封头剂反应制得乙烯基硅烷键合相,在过氧化苯甲酰诱发下,乙烯基硅烷键合相进一步与苯乙烯(PS)以及二乙烯基苯(DVB)混合单体共聚制得硅基PS-DVB,该硅基PS-DVB共聚物在冰水浴中用氯磺酸磺化制得一种硅基高交联磺化PS-DVB离子交换剂。用红外光谱表征磺化前后及经强碱处理过的离子交换剂,结果发现苯环特征吸收峰的相对强度无明显降低,表明该硅基离子交换剂具有很好的耐酸碱稳定性。用该离子交换剂分离碱性化合物,获得了较好的分离效果。     

环氧乙基硅烷的合成

本文报告用过苯甲酸氧化二甲基二乙烯基硅烷和四乙烯基硅烷的结果.用此法能制得五种新含硅环氧化合物:二甲基乙烯基环氧乙基硅烷、二甲基二环氧乙基硅烷、三乙烯基环氧乙基硅烷、二乙烯二环氧乙基硅烷、乙烯基三环氧乙基硅烷,并研究了其物理性质和化学性质.     

交联聚苯乙烯包覆二氧化锆柱填料的制备与评价

交联聚苯乙烯包覆二氧化锆固定相是在溶液体系中通过自由基引发乙基苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯和乙烯基二氧化锆共聚反应获得。IR和SEM表征这种填料的表面特征，考察了这种交联聚合物包覆柱填料的色谱性能和化学稳定性，并用这种填料分离了苯甲酸酯类和碱性化合物。     

St-DVB微凝胶星型两性接枝共聚物的单分子膜性质研究

用自由基引发苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯(St-DVB)共聚合成了带有大量乙烯基的活性微凝胶,再将此活性胶核与甲基丙烯酸(MMA)共聚制得微凝胶星型两性聚合物,并成功地制备了LB膜,此微凝胶星型两性聚合物LB膜与-般典型LB膜的区别在于它的疏水部分不是长脂链,而是分子量比较大的苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯微凝胶;此疏水的微凝胶核与亲水的聚甲基丙烯酸链在气-液界面上形成类似"浮萍"结构的单分子膜,因而在诸多方面表现出特异性质。     

新型大孔硅质酰胺型聚合物键合相的制备及其对蛋白质的分离

大孔硅胶与乙烯基硅烷反应后,再与甲基丙烯酰胺和二乙烯基苯共聚成一种新型分离蛋白质的色谱柱填料。考察了这种色谱填料对蛋白质的分离能力,认为其具有柱效高、惰性好和分离效率高的优点,聚合物键合相的制备重复性好。并探讨了流动相中离子强度和ｐＨ值对蛋白质分离的影响。     

三烷基氧化乙烯基硅烷的合成

本文报告用过苯甲酸(按照Прилежаев方法)将三烷基乙烯基硅烷中的双键氧化,结果制得两种新化合物,即三甲基氧化乙烯基硅烷和三乙基氧化乙烯基硅烷,产率分别为69％和72％,是具有樟脑气味的透明液体。     

使用聚合物负载的辛可宁类生物碱为相转移催化剂不对称诱导合成[o—乙基,o—取代芳基硫代磷酰氯]

本文以低交联度的氯甲基化苯乙烯—二乙烯基苯共聚物与辛可宁,奎宁生物碱反应,合成了具有手性中心的相转移催化剂,并用它来诱导催化0—乙基硫代膦酰二氯与取代酚的不对称缩合反应,合成了0—乙基,0—取代芳基硫代膦酰氯,为不对称合成有机硫代膦酰胺类化合物提供了一种新的方法,进行了一次有益的尝试。     

使用聚合物负载的辛可宁类生物碱为相转移催化剂不对称诱导…

本文以低交联度的氯甲基化苯乙烯－二乙烯基苯共聚物与辛可宁，奎宁生物碱反应，合成了具有手性中心的相转移催化剂，并用它来诱导催化０－乙基硫代膦酰二氯与取代酚 的不对称缩合反应，合成了０－乙基，０－取代芳基硫代膦酰氯，为不对称合成有机硫代膦酰胺类化合物提供了一种新的方法，进行了一次有益的尝试。     

用线性溶剂化能相关(LSERs)方法评价聚合物包覆钛胶固定相并与相关固定相比较

利用线性溶剂化能相关(LSERs)方法对聚(乙基苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯)包覆钛胶固定相(ES-DVB-TiO₂)的保留行为进行评价,并与聚丁二烯涂覆钛胶固定相(PBD-TiO₂),键合硅胶固定相(ODS)和树脂固定相(PR-1)作了比较,计算出各变最对logk'的百分方差数,发现V₂、Σα₂^H,和Σβ₂^H对logk'有较大的贡献,与聚合物固定相PRP-1近似,因此它们有相似的保留机理,即吸附机理大于分配机理.     

八碳烯和十八碳烯与二乙烯基苯交联聚合包覆二氧化钛固定相的合成及反相色谱性能的评价

分别合成了八碳烯-1以及十八碳烯-1与二乙烯基苯交联聚合包覆二氧化钛固定相,对它们进行了元素分析和漫反射红外光潜的表征,并用这两种填料分离了稠环芳烃、烷基苯、苯胺类碱性化合物、卤代苯.实验证明这种交联聚合包覆崮定相对有机流动相和碱具有高稳定性.最后将两种固定相用于合成药中辛伐他汀和洛伐他汀的分离检测.     

用于磷酸酯和甲基膦酸酯类化合物测定的固相微萃取新型涂层

以羟基硅油和二乙烯基苯为涂层材料 ,采用溶胶 凝胶技术和自由基引发交联的方法制备了一种新型的固相微萃取探头。采用顶空固相微萃取与气相色谱联用的方法模拟检测了水中磷酸酯和甲基磷酸酯类化合物。与商品化固相微萃取探头相比 ,该新型涂层可获得高的萃取效率。甲基膦酸二甲酯、磷酸三甲酯和磷酸三丁酯的最低检测限分别为 0 34,2 2 0和 0 0 1mg/L,相对标准偏差为 3 6 7%～ 6 4 4 % ,线性范围为 1～ 2个数量级 ,方法重现性好 ,回收率为 89 4 6 %～ 90 88%。     

Application of micropellicular poly-styrene/divinylbenzene stationary phases for high-performance reversed-phase liquid chromatography electrospray-mass spectrometry of proteins and peptides

Summary Short columns packed with highly crosslinked 2.3 μm poly-styrene/divinylbenzene (PS/DVB) particles were used for rapid and efficient separation of proteins and peptides by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography at elevated temperatures. Enhancement of the diffusivities of the sample components at elevated temperatures together with the short diffusion pathlength with the micropellicular polymeric stationary phases were responsible for high efficiency, high speed of analysis, and short column regeneration times. Underivatized PS/DVB beads as well as PS/DVB microspheres which have been modified with polyvinylalcohol or octadecyl chains on the surface were synthesized, employed, and compared to HY-TACH-C18, a commercially available micropellicular octadecyl-silica stationary phase, for the separation of proteins, octapeptides and tryptic protein digests. Highest performance was obtained with the silica- and PS/DVB-based octadecyl stationary phases, which exhibited similar column efficiencies but different selectivities for proteins and peptides. The minimum detectability at 214 nm and the maximum loading capacity for ribonuclease A using analytical 30×4.6 mm I.D. columns were 10 ng (0.6 pmol) and 1 μg, respectively. Finally, reversed-phase HPLC with a 60×2 mm I.D. narrow-bore column packed with micropellicular octadecyl PS/DVB was coupled successfully to electrospray mass spectrometry at a flow-rate of 0.15 mL min⁻¹ and on-line full-scan mass spectra for molecular mass determination and identification of proteins in the lower picomol range were obtained.     

原子转移自由基聚合法制备新型亲水作用色谱固定相及其性能评价

以自制的6.0μm单分散大孔交联聚氯甲基苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯(Poly(4-vinylbenzylchloride-co-divi-nylbenzene),PCMS/DVB)微球为基质和引发剂,CuCl和自行合成的三[(2-二甲基氨基)乙基]胺(Tris[2-(dimeth-ylamino)ethyl]amine,Me6TREN)组成混合催化体系,使4-乙烯基吡啶(4-Vinyl pyridine,4-VP)在甲苯中进行原子转移自由基聚合,制得4-乙烯基吡啶聚合物,单体4-乙烯基吡啶的接枝率为8.55%。将该聚合物与正溴丁烷反应制得新型亲水色谱固定相。在亲水作用色谱模式下,流速1 mL/min,乙腈-水为流动相可分离5种芳胺化合物和4种酚类化合物。在离子交换色谱模式下,6 mmol/L Na2CO3-5.5 mmol/L NaHCO3为淋洗液可分别分离5种无机阴离子和4种短链有机酸。结果表明,此固定相对极性化合物和无机阴离子具有良好的分离性能,是一种性能优异的亲水作用色谱固定相。     

Polystyrene immobilized ionenes as novel stationary phase for ion chromatography

Several aliphatic ionenes (2-6-, 6-6-, 10-6-ionene) have been prepared as ion exchangers for the development of novel high-performance stationary phases for anion chromatography (IC). A macroporous polystyrene/divinylbenzene (PS/DVB) resin with adjusted cation exchange capacity was used as support. Therefore the immobilization of ionenes to polystyrene carriers with remaining positive surface charge became possible for the first time. Strong ion-exchange interactions, resulting in high retention times, between the stationary phase and inorganic as well as organic anionic analytes have been observed. The influence of different ionenes on the retention behaviour during the ion chromatographic separation was investigated. Additionally, partly aromatic and polar ionene backbones were prepared and their retention behaviour as anion exchanger was investigated. The highest number of theoretical plates obtained was about 90.000 per meter. The signal asymmetries were generally lower than obtained for surface functionalized anion exchangers.     

聚合物包覆二氧化锆液相色谱固定相的制备与评价

在溶液体系中通过自由基引发长链碳烯-1、二乙烯苯和乙烯基二氧化锆交联聚合反应得到聚长链碳烯-苯乙烯包覆二氧化锆固定相.考察了这种交联聚合物包覆柱填料的色谱性能和化学稳定性,并用这种填料分离了稠环芳烃和碱性化合物.     

Chromatographic selectivity of poly(alkyl methacrylate-co-divinylbenzene) monolithic columns for polar aromatic compounds by pressure-driven capillary liquid chromatography

In this study, divinylbenzene (DVB) was used as the cross-linker to prepare alkyl methacrylate (AlMA) monoliths for incorporating π-π interactions between the aromatic analytes and AlMA-DVB monolithic stationary phases in capillary LC analysis. Various AlMA/DVB ratios were investigated to prepare a series of 30% AlMA-DVB monolithic stationary phases in fused-silica capillaries (250-μm i.d.). The physical properties (such as porosity, permeability, and column efficiency) of the synthesized AlMA-DVB monolithic columns were investigated for characterization. Isocratic elution of phenol derivatives was first employed to evaluate the suitability of the prepared AlMA-DVB columns for small molecule separation. The run-to-run (0.16–1.20%, RSD; n = 3) and column-to-column (0.26–2.95%, RSD; n = 3) repeatabilities on retention times were also examined using the selected AlMA-DVB monolithic columns. The π-π interactions between the aromatic ring and the DVB-based stationary phase offered better recognition on polar analytes with aromatic moieties, which resulted in better separation resolution of aromatic analytes on the AlMA-DVB monolithic columns. In order to demonstrate the capability of potential environmental and/or food safety applications, eight phenylurea herbicides with single benzene ring and seven sulfonamide antibiotics with polyaromatic moieties were analyzed using the selected AlMA-DVB monolithic columns.     

二乙烯苯与乙烯基吡咯烷酮共聚硅质填料的制备及对蛋白质的分离

大孔硅胶基质与二乙氧基甲基乙烯基硅烷反应后，再与二乙烯，乙烯基吡咯烷酮共聚，制得新型反相色谱填料。实验结果表明，该填料对蛋白质的分离性能好，柱效高，速度快，惰性好。为生物大分子的高效液相色谱分离提供了一种新型填料。     

反相浓乳液方法制备聚苯乙烯/二乙烯基苯结构型泡孔聚合物

通过反相浓乳液聚合方法制备了系列聚苯乙烯/二乙烯基苯(PS/DVB)泡孔聚合物.水作为分散相,其分散相体积分数可达90%;苯乙烯单体作为连续相,聚合后构成PS/DVB泡孔聚合物的结构骨架.用扫描电镜系统研究了乳化剂的浓度、分散相体积分数、添加不同沸点的溶剂等对泡孔聚合物断面形态的影响,并考察了泡孔聚合物对水和柴油的吸附情况.结果表明,不同工艺条件下可以制备出不同孔径的泡孔聚合物,加入不同沸点溶剂使得泡孔壁也形成了多孔结构.     

Optimization of headspace solid phase microextraction for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of widely different volatility and polarity terpenoids in olibanum

The aim of this study was the optimization of headspace SPME conditions for trapping diterpenes present in frankincense (olibanum). Diterpenes like cembrenes or incensole and its derivatives are characteristic of olibanum. So in order to detect by SPME the occurrence of olibanum in archeological objects, it appears essential to have the best extraction conditions for these diterpenes that will be in very small quantities. Both sampling time and extraction temperature were studied and five fiber coatings were tested: polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB), carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS), divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) and carbowax/divinylbenzene (CW/DVB). The PDMS/DVB fiber was found to be the most efficient for trapping olibanum characteristic diterpenes, with a sampling time of 1 h and a sampling temperature of 80 degrees C.