离子液体均匀提取-高效液相色谱法测定参附注射液中4种单酯型乌头碱的含量

摘要 采用离子液体均匀提取-高效液相色谱法测定了参附注射液中苯甲酰乌头碱（BA）、苯甲酰新乌头碱（BM）、苯甲酰次乌头碱（BH）和苯甲酰脱氧乌头碱（BD）的含量,通过优化离子液体的用量,样品溶液的pH值,提取时间和盐浓度等参数,确定最佳提取条件为：pH为中性,盐浓度为5%,采用0.058g的[C6Mim][ BF4]和0.26g的 NH4PF6作为提取剂,提取1min,可有效地将目标物从5mL注射液中提取出来。在此实验条件下测得四种单酯型乌头碱的检测限分别为45.5（BM）,19.8(BA),26.3(BH)和12.2(BD)μg L-1,对参附注射液样品进行分析,加样回收率范围在93.74-107.91%,RSD值均小于4.34%。     

复方中药四逆汤中乌头碱类二萜生物碱的电喷雾串联质谱研究

利用电喷雾串联质谱方法不经柱分离而直接分析复方中药四逆汤中二萜生物碱的组成,乌头碱类二萜生物碱在质谱条件下形成质子化分子,一种生物碱对应一个分子离子峰.检测到了苯甲酰单酯型、双酯型和脂类生物碱等18种二萜生物碱,其中苯甲酰中乌头原碱等单酯型生物碱是四逆汤中的主要生物碱成分.     

RP-HPLC法测定黑顺片中6种酯型生物碱的含量

建立黑顺片中6种酯型生物碱含量的高效液相测定方法。采用岛津C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈–四氢呋喃(体积比为25∶15)为流动相A,以0.1 mol/L乙酸铵溶液(每1 000 m L加冰乙酸0.5 m L)为流动相B梯度洗脱,流量为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为235 nm,柱温为35℃。苯甲酰新乌头原碱、苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱、乌头碱进样量分别在0.222~4.430,0.060~1.119,0.144~2.878,0.015~0.297,0.025~0.496,0.011~0.229μg范围内与色谱峰面积线性呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r均大于0.999 5,检出限分别为2.10,2.70,2.20,2.60,1.60,3.10 ng,样品在12 h内稳定。苯甲酰新乌头原碱、苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱、乌头碱的加标回收率分别为98.7%~102.2%,98.6%~102.3%,99.0%~101.9%,102.0%~97.3%,102.1%~98.3%,95.7%~103.5%,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为2.5%,2.5%,2.2%,2.3%,2.2%,1.7%(n=6)。该方法简便,测定结果准确、可靠,可为黑顺片的质量评价和质量控制提供参考。     

离心超滤质谱筛选川乌中与人血清白蛋白相互作用的乌头类生物碱

采用离心超滤质谱技术从川乌总生物碱提取物中筛选与人血清白蛋白相互作用的乌头类生物碱成分,并用LC-MSn技术对筛选出的活性成分进行了分离鉴定.结果表明,从川乌总生物碱中筛选并鉴定出9种与人血清白蛋白存在相互作用的乌头类生物碱:苯甲酰新乌头原碱、苯甲酰乌头原碱、10-OH-中乌头碱、中乌头碱、10-OH-乌头碱、乌头碱、次乌头碱、脱氧乌头碱和3,13-脱氧乌头碱.     

HPLC测定植物性农药——0.25%乌头总碱乳油中的乌头类生物碱

 选择十八烷基键合相柱 ,以甲醇 水 氯仿 三乙胺 (体积比为 6 8∶32∶2∶0 1)混合溶液为流动相 ,用高效液相法测定了一种植物性农药 0 2 5 %乌头总碱乳油中的乌头生物碱。实验结果表明中乌头碱、乌头碱及次乌头碱与其他杂质能够得到很好的分离。以安宫黄体酮作内标物 ,用峰面积比测定各生物碱含量 ,在其线性范围内分析结果准确 ,回收率高 (>92 % ) ,重现性好 (RSD <3 2 % ) 。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定尿样中4种痕量的乌头类生物碱

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)结合中空纤维微萃取(HF-LPME)同时检测尿样中痕量的乌头碱、次乌头碱、新乌头碱和滇乌头碱等4种生物碱的方法。采用HF-LPME对尿样进行提取、纯化和富集,富集倍数达102～301。同时采用电喷雾电离(ESI)、多反应监测(MRM)进行含量测定,显著提高了尿液中乌头类生物碱的检测灵敏度,4种乌头类生物碱的定量限达到0.01～0.1 ng/L,可大大延长中毒患者尿样中乌头类生物碱的检测时间窗。方法验证结果表明,尿液中乌头碱、新乌头碱和滇乌头碱在0.01～10 ng/L、次乌头碱在0.1～100 ng/L范围内线性关系良好,提取回收率为80.2%～109%,相对标准偏差小于4.6%。该方法适用于乌头类生物碱中毒案件的检测,为痕量乌头类生物碱分析提供了灵敏的分析方法。     

近红外光谱法快速测定附子中6个生物碱的含量

应用近红外光谱(NIRS)技术结合偏最小二乘(PLS)和最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)建立了附子中多指标成分的快速无损检测方法。选取38批样品建立了同时测定附子样品中6种成分含量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)方法;通过采集附子样品的NIRS图,分别采用PLS和LS-SVM建立了各个成分HPLC测定值与NIRS图的定量校正模型。所建立的苯甲酰新乌头原碱、苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱、乌头碱、单酯型生物碱总量和双酯型生物碱总量LS-SVM模型的相对预测偏差(RPD)分别为3.3、3.2、4.1、7.7、8.8、7.6、4.0和8.6;验证集相关系数(rpre)分别为0.9486、0.9475、0.9668、0.9909、0.9946、0.9969、0.9669和0.9927,且LS-SVM模型优于PLS模型,说明NIRS模型验证集与HPLC测定值具有良好的非线性关系,模型预测效果良好。采用NIRS技术结合LS-SVM模型可以快速对附子中的上述6个生物碱含量以及单酯型生物碱总量和双酯型生物碱总量进行检测,方法操作简便,对控制附子中的生物碱含量具有一定的指导作用。     

大孔树脂对麻黄细辛附子汤生物碱成分静态吸附及解吸附性能研究

采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定麻黄细辛附子(MXF)汤复方水提液中盐酸麻黄碱、盐酸伪麻黄碱、苯甲酰新乌头原碱、苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱含量,考察了4种大孔树脂(HPD–100,HPD–722,HPD–400,HPD–600型)对5种生物碱的静态吸附、解吸附性能,筛选出分离纯化麻黄细辛附子汤中生物碱的最佳树脂。结果显示,HPD–722型树脂对5种生物碱的吸附过程稳定且吸附量大,具有较高的解吸附率(87.26%),优于其它3种树脂。HPD–722型大孔树脂适用于富集麻黄细辛附子汤中的生物碱类化合物。     

人血清白蛋白生物色谱柱的性能研究及应用于铁棒锤中活性成分的筛选

以大孔硅胶为基质,采用羰基咪唑法合成了人血清白蛋白(HSA)生物色谱填料。详细评价了该填料对药物的分离性能,温度和pH对药物保留的影响。结果表明,该种生物色谱填料的分离性能优良,可以在短时间内基线分离4种药物分子。用HSA色谱柱对铁棒锤中有效成分进行了分离,通过LC-MS分析结果显示,该色谱柱可以分离出其中4种活性成分(脱乙酰去氧乌头碱、苯甲酰脱氧乌头碱、乌头原碱、16-O-去甲基乌头次碱)。     

基于UPLC/Q-TOF-MS分析附子半夏配伍相反的物质基础

利用超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用技术(UPLC/Q-TOF-MS)分析附子半夏药对配伍相反的物质基础,从化学成分层次阐释其配伍相反机制.基于UPLC/Q-TOF-MS建立附子半夏药对配伍后生物碱类成分的化学指纹图谱,通过主成分分析法和正交偏最小二乘判别法分析药对配伍在合煎过程中的生物碱类成分的含量变化,找出差异变化显著的化学成分.结果表明正离子模式时附子半夏药对合煎液中次乌头碱,中乌头碱,乌头碱,去氧乌头碱,10-OH-中乌头碱,10-OH-乌头碱等的含量明显增高,而中乌头原碱,去乙酸中乌头原碱,去乙酸次乌头原碱,苯甲酰乌头原碱,苯甲酰次乌头原碱,10-OH-苯甲酰中乌头原碱等含量降低.附子半夏药对配伍应用时双酯型二萜生物碱的含量明显增高,而单酯型二萜生物碱的含量明显降低,这可能是附子半夏药对配伍相反作用的物质基础.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.