药物氟哌酸分子模板聚合物的分子识别特性

采用分子印迹技术合成了对药物氟哌酸有高度选择性的模板聚合物。通过 Ｓｃａｔｃｈａｒｄ分析研究了模板聚合物的选择结合特性。结果表明,以甲基丙烯酸为功能单体的模 板聚合物通过离子作用和氢键作用可以形成两类结合位点。用多点结合模型计算两类不同 结合位点的离解常数分别为Ｋｄ１＝２．９×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和Ｋ＝３．２×１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。结合底物的实 验表明,该聚合物对氟哌酸呈现出高的选择性,有明显的开发应用价值。     

药物甲氧苄氨嘧啶分子模板聚合物结合作用及选择性研究

采用分子自组装印迹技术合成了对甲氧苄氨嘧啶有高选择性的模板聚合物受体.通过Scatchard分析、¹HNMR和紫外光谱研究了模板聚合物的选择结合特性.结果表明,模板聚合物主要形成一类等价结合位点,通过协同氢键作用专一地结合模板底物,其离解常数为2.22×10^-4mol/L.底物的选择性结合实验表明,这种聚合物对甲氧苄氨嘧啶呈现高的选择性结合能力.     

药物扑热息痛分子模板聚合物的选择性富集与识别特性研究

采用分子印迹技术合成了对药物扑热息痛有高选择性的模板聚合物。通过Ｓｃａｔｃｈａｒｄ分析研究了模板聚合物的结合特性;研究了模板聚合物的结合动力学。结果表明,以丙烯酰胺为功能单体的模板聚合物比以甲基丙烯酸为功能单体的聚合物具有更高的结合容量。     

利凡诺分子模板聚合物的吸附与识别特性研究

以利凡诺药物为模板分子,α-甲基丙烯酸为功能基单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,选用分子模板技术,合成了一种新的具有类似于酶或药物受体结合部位为结构特征的分子模板聚合物.研究了它对利凡诺和其它底物的吸附特性和选择性识别能力.结果表明,与组成相同的非模板聚合物相比,利凡诺分子模板聚合物有较大的吸附性能和高度的选择性及识别能力.静电作用和氢键在吸附和识别过程中发挥着重要作用.     

植物激素吲哚乙酸分子模板聚合物的分子识别特性

以吲哚乙酸为模板分子 ,4 乙烯吡啶为功能单体 ,采用分子自组装模板技术合成了可识别吲哚乙酸的新型模板聚合物。通过Scatchard分析、介电常数的影响、分析物选择性实验和聚合前溶液的紫外光谱研究了模板聚合物的结合机理和识别特性。结果表明该聚合物具有两种不同的结合位点 :一种是通过离子作用模板自组装产生的选择性结合位点 ;另一种是疏水作用产生的非选择性结合位点 ,且离解常数依次为KD =8.1× 10 - 4 mol L和KD =2 .5× 10 - 2 mol L。在乙腈等一些有机溶剂中对目标分子具有明显的选择性离子吸附作用 ,而在水等介电常数较大的溶剂情况下表现较强的非选择性疏水吸附作用 ,预计可作为良好的吸附结合材料用于复杂植物样品中痕量吲哚乙酸的选择性富集和测定。     

分子模板聚合物在分析化学中的应用

分子模板聚合物是采用分子模板技术制得的带结合功能团和空穴的刚性聚合物。基于它的“记忆效应”，可实现对客体模板分子的选择性识别。该文介绍了模板聚合物在分析化学领域中的应用研究，展现了它的应用前景     

药物头孢氨苄分子模板聚合物水中结合性质的研究

采用分子模板技术合成了以头孢氨苄为模板分子以三氟甲基丙烯酸和４－乙烯基吡啶同时为功能单体的分子模板聚合物。将得到的棒状聚合物研磨过筛后,运用平衡结合实验研究了头孢氨苄分子模板聚合物的结合性质,Ｓｃａｔｃｈａｒｄ分析表明,在所研究的浓度范围内,在聚合物中形成了两类不同的结合位点。头孢氨苄分子模板聚合物与其化学组成相同的非模板聚合物相比,有很高的结合容量。底物选择性实验表明,与其它结构相似的药物相比,     

微球形4-氨基吡啶分子模板聚合物的合成及结合性质研究

利用分子印迹技术,通过沉淀聚合方法合成了对4-氨基吡啶具有选择性结合能力的微球形分子模板聚合物.通过静态结合方法研究了该聚合物的选择性结合能力以及不同溶剂及引发剂的用量对聚合物形态及球状聚合物粒径大小的影响.底物选择性实验结果表明,与结构相似的化合物相比,4-氨基吡啶球形分子模板聚合物对4-氨基吡啶显示出强的选择性.     

农药丙溴磷分子印迹聚合物微球的制备与结合性能研究

采用分子印迹技术,以丙溴磷为模板分子,分别以α-甲基丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺为功能单体,在乙腈溶液中合成了2种对丙溴磷具有选择性结合能力的分子印迹聚合物.紫外光度法研究表明,模板分子丙溴磷与α-甲基丙烯酸之间的作用强于其与丙烯酰胺之间的作用;扫描电镜的研究则表明以α-甲基丙烯酸为功能单体合成的分子印迹聚合物呈微球形,粒径约为0.5 ～2 μm;利用平衡结合实验研究了不同功能单体制备的聚合物对模板分子的结合能力及其对底物的选择性,经Scatchard模型分析,求出了聚合物的最大表观结合量(Qmax)和平衡离解常数(Kd)分别为49.44 μmol/g 和1.05 mmol/L.研究表明以α-甲基丙烯酸为功能单体合成的分子印迹聚合物对丙溴磷表现出更强的结合能力和更高的选择性.     

啶虫脒分子烙印聚合物的识别特性

利用分子烙印技术,以啶虫眯为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂,合成了对啶虫脒具有高度选择性的模板聚合物,通过平衡吸附实验,评价了其对啶虫眯的亲和力和选择性.与空白烙印聚合物相比,对啶虫脒表现了很高的亲和力.Scatchard分析表明,在啶虫脒模板聚合物中存在对啶虫脒有不同亲和力的两类作用位点,高亲和力的吸附位点的离解常数为Kd1=4.68×10-4mol/L,最大表观吸附量QMAX1=18.8μmol/g,低亲和力位点的离解常数为Kd2=7.93×10-3mol/L,最大表观吸附量QMAX2=142μmol/g.通过与啶虫脒类似物质在啶虫脒模板聚合物上的吸附行为比较,表明对啶虫脒具有很好的选择性.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

解决能源问题的新途径——光解水制氢的研究

面对日益枯竭的能源危机,氢能是一种洁净、最有前景的替代能源。目前在各种制氢的方法中光催化分解水制氢的研究最多,光解水过程中催化剂最关键,本文对利用太阳能光解水的途径、提高光催化反应效率以及光催化剂的开发研究进行了综述。