发展PBL模式改革药学专业的分析化学课堂教学

PBL教学是以问题为基础的教学模式,将PBL教学模式应用到分析化学课堂教学中,有助于提高学生发现问题、分析问题和在实践中解决问题的能力。对发展PBL模式用于药学专业的分析化学课堂教学进行了探讨,提出了可以在教学及考核阶段从教学内容和课堂教学方式上应用PBL模式,结合多媒体、网络、CAI等现代化的教学手段,促进分析化学课堂教学的改革,培养具备创新能力的药学专业大学生。     

PBL教学法在高职药学专业有机化学教学中的应用

在高职药学专业有机化学的教学中采用PBL教学法,教学过程设计主要分为:教师课前设置问题,学生查找资料,分组讨论,学生评价,教师总结5个步骤。与传统教学法相比,PBL教学法具有能够激发学生学习兴趣,培养其自主学习能力,提高分析、解决问题的能力,提升学生整体素质等优点。     

基于问题的教学法在药物化学教学中的应用

药物化学是药学专业和制药工程专业的必修课。为提高教学质量,尝试将基于问题的教学法（PBL）应用于药物化学教学中,构建以学生为中心、发展自主学习的技能的相关教学模式,创设了适合于学生主动参与的新型教学环境,并对相应具体操作模式进行探讨。初步提出了一些评价方法,对于提高师生的教学兴趣,考察PBL教学效果具有指导意义。     

无机及分析化学实验课程中学生创新能力培养探索

无机及分析化学实验课程是化学本科生的必修实验课,在本科生科研能力和创新能力培养中有着极其重要的作用。通过对课程内容、教学形式和开放模式进行改革探索,除加强基本操作和基本技能训练外,通过综合性基础实验和开放实验模式,启迪学生的创新思维,激发学生的创新激情,培养学生的科学素养和探索精神。     

PBL教学法在大学有机化学实验教学中的研究与实践

以苯甲酸正丁酯的合成为案例,将以问题为基础的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)应用于大学有机化学实验教学。实践表明,PBL教学法能够显著增强学生的实验兴趣,培养学生的综合实验能力,提高实验教学质量。     

LBL与PBL结合教学法在血液内科教学应用的效果分析

目的探讨以授课为基础的学习法（1ecture—based learning,简称LBL）和以问题为基础的学习法（Problem—Based Learning,简称PBL）在血液内科见习中的教学效果。方法将2012年及2013年新疆医科大学来我科实习的临床医学专业两个班的学生作为研究对象,分为LBL＋PBL和PBL＋LBL组,两组采用不同的教学方法,通过闭卷考试测试教学效果,采用问卷调查了解学生对教学方式认可程度。结果PBL＋LBL组出科考试成绩优于LBL＋PBL组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,问卷调查显示,PBL＋LBL组学生更认可教学模式在提高学习主动性和学习效率方面的作用。结论PBL＋LBL结合的教学法能充分发挥两种教学法的优势,更加有利于提高教学效果。     

基于区域特色和专业特点的药学分析化学课程改革

为培养更加符合区域特色的应用型药学人才,通过加强基础知识和基本技能的培训、更换实验教学内容、改变理论教学方式、针对不同专业采用不同模块化教学的方式,对分析化学开展全方位的课程改革。经调查,本次课程改革教学效果、学生学习兴趣、创新能力明显提高。     

分析化学理论与实践的融合教学策略——以配位滴定为例

以配位滴定的理论与实验教学为例,基于问题驱动教学法(PBL)教学法,探讨理论与实践相融合的教学策略,培养学生的核心学习能力。     

本科生与研究生环境化学课程教学内容和模式的差异

探讨本科生与研究生环境化学课程教学内容和模式上的差异,提出本科生教学以传授基础理论为主,以污染事件为切入点,强调系统性、趣味性和特色性,采用问题教学法、案例教学法和视频教学法等方法;而研究生教学以归纳总结知识点为主,关注研究热点和前沿问题,强调衔接性、主动性和应用性,采用互动教学法、体验教学法、文献归纳法等方法。     

分析化学经典内容是培养本科生创新能力的源泉

介绍了我们结合分析化学经典内容的讲授引导本科生了解分析化学学科的前沿领域和创新成果,着力激发本科生的创新思维和培养本科生创新能力的一些做法和实例,阐明了分析化学经典内容是培养本科生创新能力的源泉,以及熟练掌握、深刻理解分析化学经典内容对培养本科生创新能力的重要性。     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

化学计量中不确定度评定研究进展

测量不确定度是表征合理地赋予被测量之值的分散性的参数。本文针对化学计量不确定度评定基础模型仅适用于线性模型、概率分布为正态分布或缩放位移t分布等局限,介绍了近年来不确定度评定的研究热点:蒙特卡罗方法(Monte Carlo Method,MCM),不确定度评定的来源、评定概念、评估方法及其发展过程,扩大了测量不确定度评定与表示的适用范围。     

微量钙的测定方法研究进展

介绍了1995-2006年期间测定微量和痕量钙的方法,如电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法、原子吸收光谱法以及离子色谱法等的工作原理和特点,并说明了其测定微量钙的应用领域。并对微量钙的测定技术进行了展望(引用文献55篇)。