具有快速分离效果多道微型气相色谱柱

采用MEMS技术设计了一种多道微型气相色谱柱,运用深槽刻蚀技术(DRIE),对器件刻蚀深400μm,微型色谱柱总长度为50cm,每道宽40μm,4道多道柱。采用静态涂覆法对色谱柱涂覆SE-54固定相。将多道色谱柱与30 m长的安捷伦HP-5毛细管柱多道色谱柱比较,烷烃混合物在两种柱内都被完全分离,混合物在多道柱内的保留时间比在毛细管柱内缩短了两倍,塔板数达到15342 plates/m,是毛细管柱的3倍。多道色谱柱被用于分离苯,甲苯及苯酚致癌组分,所有组分在1 min之内被完全分离。在时间上比之前报道的6 m长微型色谱柱缩短了3倍,实现了快速分离效果。     

生物色谱用于当归中活性成分筛选及分离研究

应用分子生物色谱技术研究了筛选和分离当归中的活性成分。以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯为功能单体,通过原位聚合得到了整体柱基质,用二乙胺活化后,以吸附蛋白的方法得到了以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)为固定相的分子生物色谱柱。当归样品经甲醇提取,0.45μm膜过滤后,以BSA分子生物色谱柱为分离柱,以含2%(体积分数)甲醇的Tris-盐酸缓冲溶液为流动相进行分离,用二极管阵列检测器检测。结果表明:活性组分在BSA上的保留机理是疏水作用、静电作用和特定的与空间结构相关的多种因素的共同作用结果。将BSA柱上的保留组分进行了气相色谱-质谱分析,鉴定了8种成分,包括当归中的主要可挥发性成分(藁本内酯)。     

毛细管色谱切割-反吹法归一化分析汽油中芳烃

发展了一种毛细管色谱切割 反吹方法分析汽油中的芳烃。利用OV 2 3 3 0强极性毛细管预柱将芳烃保留至n C1 0 之后 ,并反吹到非极性毛细管柱中按沸点详细分离分析。从预柱先流出的组分和从分析柱流出的组分都先后进入同一检测器中 ,因此可用响应因子校正的归一化方法定量分析汽油中的芳烃。该方法在15min内完成汽油中苯至C1 0 芳烃的分析 ,结果的重复精度误差≤ 3 % (RSD) ,切割误差± 5s时对分析结果的影响≤ 4% (RSD)。对该方法的装置和部分应用进行了讨论     

气相色谱-质谱结合活数据库法测定煤直接液化加氢改质油中C7C9馏分的组成

采用中心切割二维气相色谱,以PONA色谱柱为一维预分析柱与氢火焰离子检测器连接,以DB-35MS色谱柱为二维分析柱与MS连接,对煤直接液化加氢改质油中C7~C9馏分进行了分离与分析,并将质谱谱库检索和活数据库法相结合对60种组分进行了定性分析。同时采用标准物质和烃类化合物在PONA柱上的保留规律对上述定性结果作了验证。还采用面积归一化方法对油样中各化合物进行了定量分析和碳数分布以及族组成分析,其中C8及C9的化合物含量分别为32.3%和51.7%,主要族组成为环烷烃(77.3%)和正构烷烃(9.63%)。     

聚苯胺/石墨烯涂覆型阴离子交换固定相的制备及表征

该文以聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料为涂覆材料,制备了一种涂覆型阴离子交换固定相。首先以苯胺和石墨烯为原料制备聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料,并通过物理吸附涂覆在聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球表面;然后以聚苯胺中的氮原子为反应位点,通过季铵化制备一系列具有不同交换容量的涂覆型阴离子交换固定相。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和元素分析(EA)对该涂覆型阴离子交换固定相进行表征,结果表明聚苯胺/石墨烯成功地涂覆在微球表面且发生了季铵化。通过分离常规阴离子和有机酸,对自制阴离子交换色谱柱的色谱性能进行评价。结果显示,8次季铵化的聚苯胺/石墨烯涂覆聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯阴离子交换色谱柱对常规阴离子和有机酸呈现良好的分离效果。     

石油高沸馏分的顶替色谱研究

族组分的制备分离是石油高沸馏分分析中必不可少的先行步骤。本文提出采用常规分析色谱柱以顶替色谱模式取代经典柱色谱完成族组分制备分离,不仅提高了分离效率,缩短了分离时间,而且大大减少了溶剂浪费,降低了手工操作劳动强度。文献中已有将反相高效顶替色谱(HPDC)应用于简单亲水样品(特别是生化样品)组分化合物制备分离的报道,而正相HPDC用于分离复     

球等鞭金藻生长抑制物的高效液相色谱分析

采用硅烷化键合相C18反相色谱柱,以V(乙腈)∶V(水)=63∶37为流动相,0.3mL/min恒流洗脱,检测波长UV-235nm等条件,建立了一种利用反相高效液相色谱分析球等鞭金藻生长抑制物的粗提物、Sepha-dexG-15凝胶柱层析分离获得的3个组分、硅胶G薄层层析分离获得的4个组分等8个分离纯化产物中具有抑制活性组分的方法,并确定了具有抑制活性组分的保留时间。通过乙酸乙酯萃取球等鞭金藻老化培养液,得到了具有抑制活性的粗提物;粗提物经SephadexG-15凝胶柱层析分离后,获得3个具有抑制活性的组分;通过硅胶G薄层层析对此3个组分进行分离,在获得的4个组分中,仅有一个组分具有抑制活性。将粗提物与SephadexG-15凝胶柱层析分离获得组分的高效液相色谱进行对比,确定具有抑制活性组分的保留时间在3.827~6.002min范围内;通过与硅胶G薄层层析分离获得组分的高效液相色谱的再次对比,发现仅具有抑制活性的组分Ⅱ(Rf为0.637)中出现保留时间为4.875min的峰,并且相同保留时间的峰同样出现在具有抑制活性的粗提物以及SephadexG-15凝胶柱层析分离获得的3个组分的高效液相色谱中。结果表明:在优化的实验条件下,高效液相色谱中保留时间为(4.872±0.005)min的峰对应的组分正是具有抑制活性的组分。     

二维中心切割气相色谱法测定汽油中芳烃含量

利用二维中心切割气相色谱的原理和切换、反吹技术,将预柱(TCEP)中的待测组分切换到毛细管柱(SE-30)中,建立了汽油中苯、甲苯、C8和C8以上芳烃含量的检测方法。在第一次分析的进样状态下,在待测物质苯从预柱中流出之前,将六通阀切换到反吹状态,这样待测物质苯,甲苯等极性组分被切换至非极性的SE-30毛细管色谱柱中进行分析。在第二次分析的进样状态下,在乙苯流出之前立即将六通阀切换到反吹状态,TCEP柱中的保留组分进入分析柱中进行分析。采用氢火焰离子化检测器(FID),内标法定量,在检测范围内苯,甲苯,邻二甲苯,1,2,4-三甲苯线性关系良好,相关系数(r2)分别为0.9964,0.9981,0.9988和0.9989,对标样进行6次重复实验,相对标准偏差(RSD)都小于2%。     

基于微机电子系统技术高性能气相色谱柱的制备

基于微机电系统(Micro-electro-mechanical systems,MEMS)技术,制作了微型气相色谱柱,并对其性能进行了研究。与传统色谱柱相比,此微型色谱柱具有体积小,分析速度快等特点,适用于在线检测分析与监测。本研究利用深刻蚀技术与动态涂覆固定相的方法,设计制作了0.5,1.0及3.0 m色谱柱,实现了对苯,甲苯和邻二甲苯的分离。其中,3.0 m色谱柱对甲苯和邻二甲苯的分离度达14.3,理论板塔数达6160,分离时间少于200 s。考察了柱长对色谱柱分离性能的影响。此微型色谱柱可广泛应用于家居安全,瓦斯监测以及环境检测等领域。     

后交联法制备大孔吸附树脂及其对灯盏乙素的分离研究

通过种球溶胀法合成的粒径为15μm,交联度为80%的聚(苯乙烯-二乙烯苯)微球(PS-DVB),以三氯化铁为催化剂,通过悬挂双键后交联反应,制备出具有较高比表面积的大孔吸附树脂色谱填料;利用上述色谱填料装填成规格为4.6mm×250mm的色谱柱,对灯盏乙素进行高效液相色谱分离,以分离度、选择因子、柱效和保留时间为考察指标,研究了流动相比例、流动相流速、柱温和进样浓度等对分离过程的影响。在流动相为乙腈:0.4%冰乙酸(27:73,v:v),流速为1.0mL/min,柱温为30℃,进样浓度为300μg/mL的条件下,灯盏乙素和灯盏甲素的分离度为2.20,两组分可完全分离,保留时间为7.1min,为灯盏乙素的大规模制备提供了可能。     

聚二乙烯苯整体柱的制备及其在气相色谱分析中的应用

初步探讨了毛细管整体柱的制备方法及其在气相色谱分析中的应用。以液相色谱用毛细管整体柱作为研究基础,通过改变甲苯和十二醇的比例,使整体柱适用于气相色谱分析。通过二乙烯苯与键合在管壁上的3-(异丁烯酰氯)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(TMP)键合以及其自身的聚合,获得具有牢固结构、良好机械强度的整体柱。将其用于混合溶剂的分析和白酒标样的分析,可直接分析水中低碳醇。与现有的商品柱进行比较,结果表明所制备的整体柱均优于用以对照的商品色谱柱,其中在混合溶剂的分析中,醇类、酯类、酮类和芳烃类的峰形均优于用于比较的多孔层开口管(PLOT)柱;在白酒标样分析中,使得乙醛、甲醇、乙酸乙酯的色谱峰能够分开,比现有的聚乙二醇(PEG-20M)柱的分析方法更为便捷。     

Evaluation of mobile phase, ion pairing, and temperature influence on an HILIC-MS/MS method for L-arginine and its dimethylated derivatives detection

Asymmetric N(G),-N(G)-dimethylarginine (ADMA) increases in diseases such as renal failure, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia. The feasibility and utility of a hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) method for the separation of free L-arginine (Arg), ADMA, and symmetric N(G),-N(G')-dimethylarginine (SDMA) on a typical silica column were explored and the impact of some experimental parameters on the chromatographic behavior of these analytes was investigated. The effect of water and TFA content in mobile phase and of column temperature was investigated during the development of a fast and simple HILIC-MS/MS method that might be suitable for the quantification of free Arg, ADMA, and SDMA in plasma for routine analysis. Our results show that a good compromise between efficiency and peak shape with acceptable retention and total chromatographic run time is achieved using an ACN/water (90:10) mobile phase with TFA% as additive ranging from 0.015 to 0.025% and column temperature ranging from 25 to 30 degrees C.     

奎宁功能化聚乙烯咪唑修饰硅胶亲水相互作用色谱固定相的制备及应用

通过表面自由基链转移聚合和亲核取代反应制备了一种新型奎宁功能化聚乙烯咪唑修饰硅胶亲水色谱固定相(Sil-PIm-Qn)。通过元素分析和红外光谱对该固定相进行表征,并在亲水相互作用色谱(HILIC)模式下对其进行了色谱性能评价。结果表明,该固定相对5种氨基酸、9种磺胺以及10种碱基核苷有较好的分离选择性。实验考察了流动相中有机相乙腈体积分数和水相中乙酸铵浓度对待分离物质保留行为的影响,并进一步对固定相分离的重复性进行了考察,其保留时间的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.08%~2.30%(n=10)。该亲水色谱固定相制备方法简单,并且表现出了优异的亲水色谱分离性能,有望在磺胺类药物及生物样品中碱基核苷等亲水性物质的分离分析中有一定应用。     

制备液相色谱法分离纯化碘帕醇

基于制备液相色谱法,开发与优化了碘帕醇的分离纯化工艺,制备得到高纯度碘帕醇样品。实验首先在分析水平发展碘帕醇的反相分离方法,考察了两种不同键合量的反相C18固定相、柱温和上样量对碘帕醇的保留、分离度和峰形等的影响。结果表明,碘帕醇在键合量为13.7%的反相C18-1分析柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,10 μm）上保留较好,且可与杂质有效分离;柱温升高,碘帕醇保留变弱,和杂质之间的分离度降低,最终选用20~25℃作为分离纯化的温度;上样量增加,碘帕醇出峰时间提前,不利于前杂的去除。在制备水平上,以水和甲醇为洗脱剂,在20℃条件下使用装填C18-1固定相的制备柱（270 mm×50 mm,10 μm）对碘帕醇进行分离纯化,制备的碘帕醇样品的色谱纯度可达98.97%,回收率为93.44%,各项有关物质均符合限量规定。该方法可以在保证高回收率的条件下有效降低杂质水平,为碘帕醇分离纯化生产工艺的开发提供新方法。     

Search on ruggedness of fast gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in pesticide residues analysis

In this study, suitability of fast gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) on a narrow-bore column with a programmed temperature vaporizer for the analysis of pesticide residues in non-fatty food was evaluated. The main objectives were ruggedness and stability of chromatographic system with regards to co-extractives injected. The chromatographic matrix induced response enhancement was found to be strongly dependent on the concentration of residues and is reaching up to 700% compared to the pesticides solutions in a neat solvent. However, the responses of pesticides in matrix-matched standards at different concentration levels do not significantly change during 130 injections. Response enhancement/or decrease is influenced by the sample preparation technique. External calibration with matrix-matched calibration standards should, therefore, provide results with good precision also at the concentration level of 0.005 mg kg(-1). Special attention is given to the performance of the chromatographic column and retention gap with regards to peak widths, peak tailing and different sample preparation methods. During approximately 460 matrix sample injections, the performance of the analytical column was acceptable. GC-MS set-up with 0.15 mm i.d. column can be successfully utilized for the pesticide residues analysis.     

腰果酚键合硅胶固定相的制备及其色谱性能北大核心CSCD

天然产物作为一种绿色低毒、来源广泛、功能位点丰富的单体,已被广泛应用于色谱固定相的研制与开发。该文以天然可再生资源腰果酚为配体,通过一步法开环反应将其接枝到由γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-560)修饰的硅胶上,制备得到腰果酚键合硅胶固定相。利用傅里叶红外光谱、元素分析、热失重分析和N_(2)吸附脱附实验对固定相进行表征,结果表明成功制备了腰果酚键合硅胶色谱固定相。采用Tanaka实验试剂、烷基苯、多环芳香烃、苯酚类化合物和芳香族位置异构体为探针评价其分离性能和保留机制,并与C_(18)柱进行对比。研究发现,腰果酚键合固定相除疏水作用外,还具有π-π和氢键作用。基于上述保留作用,腰果酚键合硅胶固定相对测试探针表现出良好的分离性能。重复进样10次,各探针保留时间的RSD为0.052%~0.079%,峰面积的RSD为0.104%~0.847%,峰高的RSD为0.081%~0.272%,表明该色谱柱具有良好的重复性和稳定性。此外,腰果酚键合硅胶色谱柱对中药喜树果和吴茱萸果的粗提物具有良好的分离性能,验证了其在实际样品分析中的巨大潜力。将天然产物腰果酚用于色谱固定相的制备,为分离纯化喜树碱和吴茱萸提供了新的方法,同时拓展了腰果酚在色谱分离材料方面的应用。     

固相萃取–气相色谱–负化学源质谱法检测水果和蔬菜中的毒杀芬

采用改进的分散固相萃取(QuEchERs)法对样品进行前处理,建立水果和蔬菜中毒杀芬残留的气相色谱–负化学电离源质谱(GC–NCI–MS)检测方法。样品中的毒杀芬由正己烷提取,经吸附剂PSA+GCB净化,在GC–NCI–MS的选择离子扫描模式下进样分析。毒杀芬的色谱保留时间在12.5~18.0 min区间内,采用面积归一化法积分,外标法定量。毒杀芬质量浓度在0.050~2.000 mg/L范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.999 1。分别以蓝莓、黄桃、菠菜为基质,在0.025,0.050 mg/kg添加水平下,毒杀芬的回收率为107.2%~118.1%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为5.5%~8.8%(n=6),定量限为0.025 mg/kg。该方法检测快速,适用于水果和蔬菜中毒杀芬残留的日常检测。     

2,3-聚季铵盐附聚型离子色谱固定相的制备及其在SO42-分析中的应用

以四甲基乙二胺和1,3-二溴丙烷为原料,合成了聚电解质阳离子功能基--2,3-聚季铵盐功能基。以聚苯乙烯为种子,通过种子溶胀法制备了多孔型聚(苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯)微球(PS-DVB),并对其进行磺化。以附聚的方式在磺化的PS-DVB微球上附聚2,3-聚季铵盐功能基,得到附聚型离子交换固定相,通过匀浆法装入色谱柱,并将其用于SO₄^2-的分离分析。SO₄^2-能与其他常见的6种阴离子在8 min内完成分离,实现SO₄^2-的快速测定。其中,SO₄^2-的线性范围为0.5~50 mg/L,线性相关系数r为0.9992;加标回收率在99.2%~101.8%之间;峰面积和保留时间的相对标准偏差分别为2.4%和3.1%;根据信噪比(S/N=3)计算出检出限为0.04 mg/L。结果表明该自制色谱柱适用于复杂基质中SO₄^2-的快速测定。     

Monoliths from poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and dimethacrylate for capillary hydrophobic interaction chromatography of proteins

Rigid monoliths were synthesized solely from poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylates (PEGDA) or poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylates (PEGDMA) containing different ethylene glycol chain lengths by one-step UV-initiated polymerization. Methanol/ethyl ether and cyclohexanol/decanol were used as bi-porogen mixtures for the PEGDA and PEGDMA monoliths, respectively. Effects of PEG chain length, bi-porogen ratio and reaction temperature on monolith morphology and back pressure were investigated. For tri- and tetra-ethylene glycol diacrylates (i.e., PEGDA 258 and PEGDA 302), most combinations of methanol and ethyl ether were effective in forming monoliths, while for diacrylates containing longer chain lengths (i.e., PEGDA 575 and PEGDA 700), polymerization became more sensitive to the bi-porogen ratio. A similar tendency was also observed for PEGDMA monomers. Polymerization of monoliths was conducted at approximately 0 °C and room temperature, which produced significant differences in monolith morphology and permeability. Monoliths prepared from PEGDA 258 were found to provide the best chromatographic performance with respect to peak capacity and resolution in hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC). Detailed study of these monoliths demonstrated that chromatographic performance was not affected by changing the ratios of the two porogens, but resulted in almost identical retention times and comparable peak capacities. An optimized PEGDA 258 monolithic column was able to separate proteins using a 20-min elution gradient with a peak capacity of 62. Mass recoveries for test proteins were found to be greater than 90, indicating its excellent biocompatibility. All monoliths demonstrated nearly no swelling or shrinking in different polarity solvents, and most of them could be stored dry, indicating excellent stability due to their highly crosslinked networks. The preparation of these in situ polymerized single-monomer monolithic columns was highly reproducible. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values based on retention times of retained proteins were all within 2.2%, and in most cases, less than 1.2%. The RSD values based on peak areas were within 9.5%, and in most cases, less than 7.0%. The single-monomer synthesis approach clearly improves column-to-column reproducibility.     

Development and validation of stability indicating RP-HPLC and HPTLC for determination of Niclosamide in bulk and in synthetic mixture

Two simple, specific, sensitive, accurate and precise stability indicating methods were described for quantitative determination of the anthelmintics drug Niclosamide. The first method was high performance liquid chromatographic with the use of a reversed phase hibar^R C-18 column (250 mm × 4.66 mm, 5 μm) and mobile phase of methanol: 1 mM ammonium phosphate buffer (85:15 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. The retention time of drug was found to be 6.45 ± 0.02 min. Quantification of drug was achieved with diode array detection (DAD) at 332 nm. Linear calibration curve was obtained in concentration range 0.01–100 μg/mL with r² value of 0.999. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 0.048 μg/mL and 0.01 μg/ml respectively. The second method involved a high performance thin layer liquid chromatographic. Chromatographic separation was carried out with precoated silica gel G60 F254 aluminum sheets using toluene:ethyl acetate (7:3% v/v) as a mobile phase. Linearity of proposed method was found to be 200–700 ng/band at 332 nm with retention factor of 0.59 and r² value of 0.998. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 36.21 ng/band and 109.7 ng/band respectively. Both the developed methods were successfully validated as per International Conference on Harmonization guideline (ICH). Niclosamide was subjected to different stress conditions. The degraded product peaks were well resolved from the pure drug peak with significant difference in their retention time. Stress samples were successfully assayed by developed high performance liquid chromatographic and high performance thin layer liquid chromatographic method. Statistically analysis proves that there were no statistical significant differences between two developed methods.