Li—Ni—La—O系复合氧化物催化剂上甲烷氧化偶联的研究

考察了Ｌｉ－Ｎｉ－Ｌａ－Ｏ系催化剂的组成、结构及反应条件对甲烷氧化偶联反应活性的影响。在７８０℃、ＣＨ４：Ｏ２：Ｎ２＝２：１：７、空速１５０００ｈ＾－１时，Ｃ２烃收率可达２５．８％。ＸＲＤ、ＩＲ、ＸＰＳ及ＳＥＭ等的结构分析表明，在ＬｉＬａ１－ｘＮｉｘＯ２催化剂中，当０．１≤ｘ≤０．９时，该催化剂由ＬｉＮｉＯ２和Ｌａ２Ｎｉ１－ｙＬｉｙＯ４－λ两相组成，ｘ＜０．３时出现了ＬｉＬａＯ２相，Ｌａ２Ｎｉ１－     

Ni/Al2O3催化剂上甲烷部分氧化制合成气

本研究了Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的表面特征以及其与ＣＨ４部分氧化制合成气反应性能的关系。ＴＰＲ，ＸＲＤ和评价结果表明，催化剂Ｎｉ组分含量在９．０％时反应性能最佳，反应过程中催化剂表面上部有部分镍氧化物在５２０～５４０℃就还原，反应条件实验表明，在１１．５２×１０＾５ ｍｌ．ｇ＾－１下，随着反应管外控制温度的升高，ＣＨ４转化率，ＣＯ和Ｈ２选择性及收率增加，在７００℃下，随着原料气空速的增加，ＣＨ４转     

Ni／Al2O3催化剂上甲烷部分氧化制合成气

研究了Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂对甲烷部分氧化制合成气的反应性能．结果表明，催化剂在其活性组份Ｎｉ为１０％时反应性能最好．条件实验表明，在６００～９００℃范围内，甲烷转化率和ＣＯ、Ｈ２的选择性随温度升高而增加；转化率和选择性在甲烷空速≤１．５×１０５ｈ－１时基本不变，空速＞１．５×１０５ｈ－１时，转化率和选择性有所下降．随着压力的增加（０．０５～０．４０ＭＰａ），转化率和选择性下降．ＳＥＭ和化学分析结果证明在反应过程中，Ｎｉ组份存在烧结和流失现象．     

甲烷部分氧化制合成气的研究

考察了镍基和钴基催化剂催化甲烷在自放热条件下部分氧化制合成气。结果表明，在较高的空速条件下，反应一旦引发即可停止供热，仅靠反应自身放出的热量就能维持反应的继续进行：Ｎｉ／Ｌａ２Ｏ３催化剂中的镍负载量大于１０％后，镍负载量对催化活性无明显的影响；ＣＨ４的转化率及Ｈ２和ＣＯ的选择性均随空速和反应温度的增加而提高；对Ｎｉ／ＺｒＯ２和Ｃｏ／ＺｒＯ２催化剂，反应进行到６－１２ｈ时，ＣＨ４转化经最高；但对Ｎｉ     

甲烷部分氧化制合成气反应中催化剂积炭的研究(英文)

Ｎｉ／Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３催化剂上甲烷部分氧化制合成气反应是在固定床流动反应装置上进行的。考察了催化剂的床层温度、反应压力、空速和原料气配比对催化剂积炭产生的影响。实验结果表明,积炭速率随催化剂床层温度的升高而降低,当温度低于７０℃时,积炭速率骤增：积炭总是发生在催化剂床层的下段;若空速超过３．０×１０~５ｈ~（－１）,积炭速率随空速增加而明显降低。从ＦＴＩＲ实验结果可知,吸附在Ｎｉ／Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３催化剂表面上的ＣＯ,一部分歧化生成了ＣＯ_２和Ｃ。综上所述,催化剂表面积炭主要来源于以下两个反应： ２ＣＯ→Ｃ＋ＣＯ_２,ＣＯ＋Ｈ_２　＝ Ｃ＋Ｈ_２Ｏ     

Ni/Al2O3催化剂上甲烷部分氧化制合成气反应机理

用变应答／质谱在线检测技术研究了Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂上甲烷部分氧化制合成气的反应要理，研究结果指出，在常压９７３Ｋ条件下，Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂上甲烷部分氧化制合成气按直接氧化机理进行，Ｈ２和Ｃ烛甲烷部分氧化的一次产物，其主要反应可表示如下：１．ＣＨ４＋ｘＮｉ－ＮｉｘＣ＋２Ｈ２，２．Ｏ２＋２Ｎｉ－２ＮｉＯ，３．ＮｉｘＣ＋ＮｉＯ－ＣＯ＋（ｘ＋１）Ｎｉ。     

甲烷部分氧化制合成气Ⅳ．镍铜催化剂的反应性能及影响因素的考察

对镍铜甲烷部分氧化催化剂的制备化学研究表明，在Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＳｉＯ２、ＭｇＯ、ＴｉＯ２、Ｙ型分子筛等载体中，具有较好氢溢流功能的Ａｌ２Ｏ３所担载的镍铜催化剂，有最佳的反应性能，载体的产物溢流功能对反应中合成气的生成是有利的．对于ＮｉＯ－ＣｕＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂，组分Ｃｕ的最佳含量是Ｃｕ／Ａｌ＝０．２／４（原子比），Ｎｉ／Ａｌ（原子比）在１／４－１．５／４范围内催化剂均保持最佳的反应性能，此时，甲烷转化率为９８．１％，对ＣＯ、Ｈ２的选择性分别达９７％、１００％．制备方法对催化性能影响的结果显示，以（ＮＨ４）２ＣＯ３为沉淀剂的共沉淀法，是制备ＮｉＯ－ＣｕＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的最佳方法．ＮｉＯ－ＣｕＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的甲烷部分氧化性能在４００－５００℃间有一突跃，并在７００℃时达到最佳值；过高的反应气空速对ＣＯ、Ｈ２的选择性是不利的     

甲烷氧化偶联制乙烯La2O3—BaO体系催化剂稳定性的研究

研究了甲烷氧化偶联制乙烯高选择性Ｌａ２Ｏ３－ＢａＯ体系催化剂的稳定性．在８００℃、ＣＨ４空速１００００ｈ－１、ＣＨ４／Ｏ２＝８．０～８．３的条件下，催化剂稳定运转了５００ｈ，ＣＨ４转化率和Ｃ２选择性分别为≥１８％和≥８０％．ＸＲＤ和ＸＰＳ分析表明，该催化剂物相稳定，表面Ｌａ／Ｂａ原子浓度之比随反应时间的增加而稍有增加，有利于催化剂活性和选择性的稳定．     

Ni／Al2O3上甲烷二氧化碳氧气转化制备合成气的研究

在固定床流动反应装置上，从活性组分的负载量，载体的焙烧温度、反应温度，空速等几个方面考察了Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂对ＣＨ４－ＣＯ２－Ｏ２转化制备合成气的催化活性，发现采用１１００℃焙烧的γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体制备的镍负载量为９．１７ｗ％的Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂。     

氧化镍中非化学计量氧在乙烷氧化脱氢中的作用

以纯ＮｉＯ为模型催化剂考察了乙烷氧化脱氢（ＯＤＨＥ）性能，发现非化学计量氧的存在与反应的活性及选择性密切相关．ＴＧＡ研究结果表明，５００℃制备的样品具有ｘ≈６％的非化学计量氧．Ｈ２ＴＰＲ结果表明，非化学计量氧与晶格氧的可还原性明显不同；Ｏ２ＴＰＤＭＳ又把非化学计量氧区分为两个氧物种，Ｏ－２和Ｏ－（或Ｏ２－２）．脉冲试验结果表明，非化学计量氧对ＯＤＨＥ制乙烯是选择性反应的活性氧物种，晶格氧是完全氧化反应的活性氧物种．一旦催化剂中非化学计量氧耗尽并动用晶格氧时，催化剂便有Ｎｉ０生成，表现出自催化性能，使反应活性迅速提高，但产物均为ＣＯ２，ＣＯ，ＣＨ４等完全燃烧或裂解产物．为保持有较高的乙烯收率，反应处于稳态时Ｎｉ必须处于高价态．电导测定结果表明，优良的ＯＤＨＥ催化剂应有Ｐ型半导性．     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.