基于修正偶应力理论和微分变换法的输流微管自由振动

考虑黏性流体在微管道内作层流运动，给出了黏性流体在微圆管中的速度分布方程。利用修正偶应力理论和Euler梁模型建立细长微管模型，根据虚功原理推导输流微管流-固耦合振动方程，应用微分变换法计算微管道系统的固有频率。通过与有限差分法求解结果对比，证明微分变换法具有较高的精度。随后，研究了流体黏性、微管材料内禀特征尺寸和预应力对固有频率的影响。最后，分析了流体临界流速与预应力的关系。数值结果表明：在流体平均速度相同的条件下，考虑流体黏性时微管各阶固有频率偏低，并且平均速度越大，这一趋势越明显。     

高超声速全动舵面的热气动弹性研究

根据分层求解原理对考虑舵轴及舵轴与机身间隙影响下的高超声速飞行器全动舵面进行了热气动弹性分析. 采用计算流体力学（CFD）方法求解N-S 方程计算舵面周围的热环境,在该温度分布下根据结构壁面温度计算热流,应用傅里叶（Fourier）定律确定结构热传导过程及其内部温度分布,进而分析结构考虑热应力和温度对材料属性的影响下的模态固有特性,结合基于CFD 技术的当地流活塞理论,在状态空间中对舵面进行了热气动弹性分析. 结果表明,气动加热效应改变了结构的固有频率以及弯扭耦合频率之间的间距,进而改变了结构的颤振速度和颤振频率;随着热传导的进行,结构固有频率和颤振频率先快速减小后基本保持不变,弯扭耦合频率之间的间距和颤振速度则先快速减小后略有上升;舵轴及舵轴与机身间隙的存在对舵面的固有频率、颤振频率、颤振速度都产生了影响,使其最大下降了6%.      

圆直管内层流振荡流的摩擦特性

研究了在谐波压力梯度作用下圆管内层流振荡流的流速分布形态、断面平均流速、驱动功率损耗及摩擦特性，并对管内单方向定常流的范宁摩擦系数公式进行扩展，建立了用于管内振荡流的摩擦系数计算式。摩擦系数理论计算结果与实验显示了较好的一致性。     

STUDY ON AEROTHERMOELASTICITY OF A HYPERSONIC ALL-MOVABLE CONTROL SURFACE

根据分层求解原理对考虑舵轴及舵轴与机身间隙影响下的高超声速飞行器全动舵面进行了热气动弹性分析. 采用计算流体力学（CFD）方法求解N-S 方程计算舵面周围的热环境,在该温度分布下根据结构壁面温度计算热流,应用傅里叶（Fourier）定律确定结构热传导过程及其内部温度分布,进而分析结构考虑热应力和温度对材料属性的影响下的模态固有特性,结合基于CFD 技术的当地流活塞理论,在状态空间中对舵面进行了热气动弹性分析. 结果表明,气动加热效应改变了结构的固有频率以及弯扭耦合频率之间的间距,进而改变了结构的颤振速度和颤振频率;随着热传导的进行,结构固有频率和颤振频率先快速减小后基本保持不变,弯扭耦合频率之间的间距和颤振速度则先快速减小后略有上升;舵轴及舵轴与机身间隙的存在对舵面的固有频率、颤振频率、颤振速度都产生了影响,使其最大下降了6%.     

串联式扭转减振器各级固有频率的测试计算

采用实验测试的方法获得各级扭转减振器的传递函数等信息, 对于各种不同的测试方法分别推导了不同模型下各级减振器固有频率的计算公式; 比较了不同测试方法各级扭转减振器固有频率的计算值和精确值. 结果表明, 对于不同的模型, 各级减振器固有频率的计算值和精确值是一致的, 或存在较小的误差.     

外部爆轰加载过程中金属圆管断裂实验研究

利用脉冲X光照相技术和高速摄影对HR 2抗氢钢圆管在外部爆轰加载下的压缩过程进行了动态诊断。X光照相观察到抗氢钢圆管在压缩过程中管壁内出现了宏观裂纹 ,回收破片具有显著的剪切断裂特征 ,金相分析观察到了绝热剪切带及微孔洞与微裂纹。对半圆管结构的压缩过程进行了高速摄影 ,直接观测到抗氢钢圆管内壁裂纹萌生与发展的动态过程。由两种动态诊断实验结果对比分析推断 ,抗氢钢圆管在外部爆轰加载压缩过程中 ,裂纹首先在圆管内壁生成。     

微重力状态下旋转对称刚性容器中液体晃动研究

本文研究微重状态下旋转对称刚性容器中液体晃动问题。用摄动迭代法计算静止自由液面,精度较高。利用微幅晃动条件,使运动方程线性化,导出了液体晃动固有频率的计算公式。最后,对园柱形容器进行了具体计算。     

圆管流动水击压力波测量及水力计算

为探索水击现象的物理过程和机理,研制了自循环定常流动管路瞬态特性计算机控制试验装置,并利用该装置进行圆管流动水击压力波实验测量。用12只扩散硅压力传感器测定圆管流动水击压力波瞬态分布及最大、最小压力值,由试验数据拟合出水击波波形,揭示了水击压力波传播方式、特性及衰减规律。通过分析随机捕捉测量技术方法,理论上推断出测量数据达到可信精度。在归纳分析试验数据基础上,得出最大压力随关阀时间的关系曲线,对圆管流动直接水击等概念进行了探讨,用数值分析方法拟合出水击最大压力水力计算修正方程式。     

燃气轮发电机组短路故障时的机电耦合分析

为分析短路故障下燃气轮发电机组轴系的扭振特性,建立了系统的机电耦合非线性数学模型,进行了发电机三相短路故障下轴系扭振及扭矩瞬态响应的数值分析。此外,进一步研究了轴系扭转刚度、发电机定子电阻值、励磁电流初始值等参数对发电机出口端三相短路时系统瞬态扭振的影响。分析结果表明:三相短路时,发电机产生的瞬变电磁转矩的最大值为额定转矩的6倍;电磁转矩在轴系内激发出的瞬态扭矩最大值取决于轴系的固有频率裕度,15%的固有频率裕度时的最大瞬态扭矩较10%的固有频率裕度降低了一倍;而发电机的定子电阻值只改变扭振的衰减时间常数,不改变其最大幅值,电磁转矩最大值和扭转角最大值近似与励磁电流初值的二次方成正比。研究结果可为燃气轮机发电机组轴系的设计提供参考。     

力学复合环境下挠性陀螺仪的动力学分析

为研究分析挠性陀螺仪在过载振动复合环境下附加误差形成的机理和建立误差补偿模型,从结构分析入手,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立陀螺仪的实体模型和有限元模型,计算陀螺仪的章动频率,并与实验测量值进行比较,验证了模型的正确性;对挠性陀螺仪在过载-振动复合环境中的动力学特性进行分析研究,得到了各节点轴向位移,结合施加的载荷即可以计算得到陀螺仪的漂移角速度;同时通过模态分析计算得到陀螺仪的固有频率及相应振型.     

固—液耦合Timoshenko管道的稳定性分析

根据Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ原理的固－液耦合振同分方程用幂级数法计算了Ｔｉｍｏｓｈｅｎｋｏ管道的固有频率和临界流速。给出了管道前三阶固有频率－流速的关系曲线,分析了转动惯量对该输流管道的稳定特性的影响。计算结果表明,转动一对两端简支的固－液合Ｔｉｍｏｓｈｅｎｋｏ管道的静力失稳没有影响,但对其频率特性和动力失稳有影响。     

输液曲管平面内振动的波动方法研究

采用Flügge曲梁模拟弯曲管道,推导了管内流体的加速度,在总体轴线不可伸长假定的基础上建立了曲管平面内振动的动力学方程;采用波动方法,获得了曲管内振动波的传播和反射矩阵,提出了计算曲管平面内振动固有频率的数值方法。算例分析中,通过计算两端固定半圆形曲管的临界流速并与已有文献结果对比,验证了本文方法的正确性。最后,计算了两端固定半圆形曲管在四种不同流速下的前四阶固有频率,结果表明,管内流速的增大会降低管道的固有频率,当流速增大到某一特定值时,管道的一阶固有频率消失。     

Nonlinear dynamics of a pipe conveying pulsating fluid with parametric and internal resonances

In this paper, the nonlinear planar vibration of a pipe conveying pulsatile fluid subjected to principal parametric resonance in the presence of internal resonance is investigated. The pipe is hinged to two immovable supports at both ends and conveys fluid at a velocity with a harmonically varying component over a constant mean velocity. The geometric cubic nonlinearity in the equation of motion is due to stretching effect of the pipe. The natural frequency of the second mode is approximately three times the natural frequency of the first mode for a range of mean flow velocity, resulting in a three-to-one internal resonance. The analysis is done using the method of multiple scales (MMS) by directly attacking the governing nonlinear integral-partial-differential equations and the associated boundary conditions. The resulting set of first-order ordinary differential equations governing the modulation of amplitude and phase is analyzed numerically for principal parametric resonance of first mode. Stability, bifurcation, and response behavior of the pipe are investigated. The results show new zones of instability due to the presence of internal resonance. A wide array of dynamical behavior is observed, illustrating the influence of internal resonance.     

Analysis of coupled-mode flutter of pipes conveying fluid on the elastic foundation

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Nonlinear Forced Vibration of Cantilevered Pipes Conveying Fluid

The nonlinear forced vibrations of a cantilevered pipe conveying fluid under base excitations are explored by means of the full nonlinear equation of motion, and the fourthorder Runge-Kutta integration algorithm is used as a numerical tool to solve the discretized equations. The self-excited vibration is briefly discussed first, focusing on the effect of flow velocity on the stability and post-flutter dynamical behavior of the pipe system with parameters close to those in previous experiments. Then, the nonlinear forced vibrations are examined using several concrete examples by means of frequency response diagrams and phase-plane plots. It shows that, at low flow velocity, the resonant amplitude near the first-mode natural frequency is larger than its counterpart near the second-mode natural frequency. The second-mode frequency response curve clearly displays a softening-type behavior with hysteresis phenomenon, while the first-mode frequency response curve almost maintains its neutrality. At moderate flow velocity,interestingly, the first-mode resonance response diminishes and the hysteresis phenomenon of the second-mode response disappears. At high flow velocity beyond the flutter threshold, the frequency response curve would exhibit a quenching-like behavior. When the excitation frequency is increased through the quenching point, the response of the pipe may shift from quasiperiodic to periodic. The results obtained in the present, work highlight the dramatic influence of internal fluid flow on the nonlinear forced vibrations of slender pipes.     

Research on solid-liquid coupling dynamics of pipe conveying fluid

I.IntroductionSolid-fluidcouplingvibrationproblemofpipesconveyingfluidarepresencegenerallyinthedomainofastronomic,energysources,chemicalindustryetc..Notonlytheoreticallytheproblemhaswideresearchvalue,butpracticallytheproblemhaswideengineeringbackground.Therefore,itisimportantreseachproblemihsciencedomainspang.Thefirstrightequationofsolid-liquidcouplingvibrationofpipeconveyingfluidwaspiovidedbyG.W.Housner,andV.Y.Feodosievil'2].Thebasicfrequencycharacteristicofpipesconveyingfluidwasstudiedre…     

分析弹性支承输流管道的失稳临界流速

研究了两端弹性支承输流管道静态失稳和动态失稳临界流速. 根据梁模型横向弯曲振动模态 函数，由两端弹性支承的边界条件得到了其模态函数的一般表达式. 根据特征方程具体分析 了弹性支承刚度、质量比、流体压力和管截面轴向力等主要参数对失稳临界流速的影响. 数 值计算结果表明，管道在弹性支承下的动力稳定性比较复杂，在较小的弹性支承刚度和较小 的参数范围内，管道主要表现为动态颤振失稳；在较大的弹性支承刚度和较大的参数作用下， 管道的失稳形式主要表现为静态失稳；并且失稳临界流速随流体压力和管截面轴向压力的增 加而下降，随管截面轴向拉力的增加而上升.     

THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIORS OF VISCOELASTIC PIPE CONVEYING FLUID WITH THE KELVIN MODEL

Based on the differential constitutive relationship of linear viscoelastic, material, a solid-liquid coupling vibration equation for viscoelastic pipe conveying fluid is derived by the D'Alembert's principle. The critical flow velocities and natural frequencies of the cantilever pipe conveying fluid with the Kelvin model (flutter instability) are calculated with the modified finite difference method in the form of the recurrence formula. The curves between the complex frequencies of the first, second and third mode and flow velocity of the pipe are plotted. On the basis of the numerical, calculation results, the dynamic behaviors and stability of the pipe are discussed. It should be pointed out that the delay time of viscoelastic material with the Kelvin model has a remarkable effect on the dynamic characteristics and stability behaviors of the cantilevered pipe conveying fluid, which is a gyroscopic non-conservative system.     

Fluid structure interaction of cantilever micro and nanotubes conveying magnetic fluid with small size effects under a transverse magnetic field

Micro and nanotubes have found major application in fluidic systems as channels for conveying fluid. In some micro and nanofluidic applications such as drug delivery, a transverse magnetic field can be used to guide the fluid flow by generating an axial force in the flow direction. An important issue in the design of micro and nanofluidic systems is the structural vibration caused by the fluid flow. In the current study, we investigate the effect of transverse magnetic field on the vibration of cantilever micro and nanotubes conveying fluid by considering the small size effects. We couple the nonlocal Euler–Bernoulli beam model with Navier–Stokes theory to determine a fluid structure interaction (FSI) model for the vibration analysis of the system. We modify the FSI governing equation by driving a velocity correction factor to consider the effect of transverse magnetic field on the fluid flow’s pattern through the tube. Then, we use the Galerkin’s method to obtain the frequency diagrams for the instability analysis of the system. We show that the transverse magnetic field can have a substantial effect on the dynamics of tube conveying fluid by increasing the system’s natural frequencies and critical flow velocity which contributes to the flutter instability. We also discover that although the transverse magnetic field plays a crucial role on dynamics of microstructures, its effect on the dynamics of nanotubes is not significant and can be ignored.     

STABILITY AND MODE EVOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF A CANTILEVERED FLUID-CONVEYING PIPE ATTACHED WITH THE LUMPED MASS 1)

本文主要研究通过调控集中质量对悬臂输流管稳定性和振动模态特性的影响规律,为输流管动力学性能的可控性提供理论指导和实验依据. 首先基于扩展的哈密顿原理,建立了含集中质量悬臂输流管的非线性动力学理论模型. 基于线性动力学特性分析,研究发现集中质量沿管道轴向位置变化对输流管发生颤振失稳的临界流速有重要影响.并通过伽辽金前四阶模态截断处理线性矩阵方程式,定性地分析了集中质量位置与质量比的变化对于输流管稳定性影响的变化.实验结果表明, 输流管的颤振失稳模态随集中质量位置的变化发生了转迁. 此外,基于动力学理论分析, 发现集中质量比值对失稳临界流速也有重要的影响,且主要取决于集中质量的安装位置. 基于非线性特性,进一步分析了集中质量对输流管振动幅值的影响. 实验和理论研究发现,集中质量位置从固定端向自由端变化时, 输流管振幅表现出先增大后减小趋势,且振动模态也从二阶转迁到三阶.本研究有望为输流管振动驱动应用提供理论支撑与指导意义.