分层两相流曲管的耦合振动建模研究

针对两相流曲管振动的复杂特点,对分层两相流曲管的耦合振动建模进行了专题研究。在前人的基础上,增加了对两相流中气、液两相不同的质量分量和速度的考虑,同时考虑了气相在振动过程中的势能变化,求解出曲管和流体微元的总能量;再通过总能量变分法原理,运用欧拉方程推导出了分层两相流曲管的振动控制微分方程;对微分方程进行量纲归一化处理后,最终得到了简化的分层两相流曲管振动微分方程。采用有限元法对分层两相流曲管振动方程进行求解,并将求解的结果应用到实际算例中,得出了分层两相流曲管的临界流速与曲管直径、管壁厚度、管道内径的关系曲线,还得出了分层两相流曲管的固有频率与流体流速、管壁厚度、管道内径的关系曲线。本文方法可以用于分析曲管中分层两相流、环状流的耦合振动问题。     

输液管道附加支承刚度优化设计

研究液固耦合效应作用下,两端铰支输液管道系统附加支承的刚度和位置优化设计。应用有限元分析方法,建立了输液管道液固耦合振动方程。为有效控制管道结构的振动,利用在管道结构上附(增)加支承的方法,提高输液管道系统的固有频率,预防系统可能发生强烈的耦合振动导致不稳定状态。提出了附加支承最小(临界)刚度的快速计算策略和途径,分别探讨分析了输液管道内液体的流速、附加支承的位置以及第一阶固有频率的目标值对最优支承刚度值的影响。     

两端弹性支承输流管道固有特性研究

输流管道广泛应用于航天航空、石油化工、海洋等重要的工程领域, 其振动特性尤其是系统固有特性一直是国内外学者研究的热点问题. 本文研究了两端弹性支承输流管道横向振动的固有特性, 尤其是在非对称弹性支承下的系统固有特性. 使用哈密顿原理得到了输流管道的控制方程及边界条件, 通过复模态法得到了静态管道的模态函数, 以其作为伽辽金法的势函数和权函数对线性派生系统控制方程进行截断处理. 分析了两端对称支承刚度、两端非对称支承刚度、管道长度以及流体质量比对系统固有频率的影响规律, 重点讨论了管道两端可能形成的非对称支承条件下固有频率的变化规律. 结果表明, 较大的对称支承刚度下管道的第一阶固有频率下降较快; 当管道两端支承刚度变化时, 管道的各阶固有频率在两端支承刚度相等时取得最值; 对于两端非对称支承的管道而言, 两端支承刚度越接近, 第一阶固有频率下降的越快, 而且相应的临界流速越小; 流体的流速越大, 其对两端非对称弹簧支承的管道固有频率的影响更为明显.      

气液两相环状流诱发管道振动模型研究

根据两相流动过程中弹性恢复力、离心力、科氏力、惯性力的平衡关系,并考虑因管道弯曲产生的非线性因素,建立了气液两相环状流诱发两端简支管道振动的模型;采用Galerkin方法对模型进行离散化处理,得到了系统的非线性矩阵方程。通过对方程系数矩阵线性部分的求解,具体分析了不同折算流速以及不同弹性模量下管道前四阶模态的量纲归一化特征值的实部及虚部之间的变化规律。结果表明:当折算液速一定时,随着折算气速的增大,管道系统的前4阶固有频率会不断减小;在不同的折算液速下,随着折算气速的增大,管道系统会呈现不同的状态;管道的弹性模量对管道的振动也有着较大的影响。通过对整个方程的求解,分析了管道横向振动位移的规律。研究结果表明:弹性模量较小时,管道的振动位移情况较为复杂;而弹性模量较大时,在同样的折算流速下,管道在平衡位置做振幅较小的周期性往复运动。     

多跨管道流固耦合振动的波传播解法

采用Timoshenko梁模型提出了求解多跨管道流固耦合振动的波动方法.借助边界处的几何连续条件和力平衡条件,得到了波在固支、简支和自由三种端部条件下的反射模型;建立了波在中间弹性支撑处的散射模型;结合以上散射模型,得到了多跨管道流固耦合振动的频率特征方程;通过计算两端简支管道的临界流速,验证了所建立模型的正确性.最后,计算了一段40m长、七跨管道在三种工况下的前五阶固有频率.计算结果表明:波传播方法具有易于编程、执行效率高和计算精度高的优点.     

分布轴向力作用下隔水管横向自由振动分析

隔水管固有频率的精确计算对保证隔水管的安全使用和防止共振的发生有着极为重要的意义.在分析中,考虑了分布轴向力和顶张力的共同作用,建立了隔水管横向振动力学模型;基于牛顿定律和纵横弯曲梁理论,对微单元受力分析,得到隔水管横向自由振动的四阶偏微分方程;利用分离变量法将四阶偏微分方程简化为四阶变系数常微分方程;采用积分法求解四阶变系数常微分方程,得到隔水管横向自由振动固有频率的解析解.结果表明:(1)分布轴向力作用下隔水管横向自由振动的固有频率和振型,与将分布轴向力简化为集中力作用下隔水管的固有频率和振型有很大差别;(2)顶张力一定时,随着分布轴向力减小,隔水管固有频率增大;分布轴向力一定时,随着顶张力增大,隔水管固有频率增大;(3)采用积分法求解隔水管横向振动特性时,计算精度高,为隔水管的优化设计提供了可靠的理论依据.     

谐激励作用下输流曲管的混沌振动研究

研究了谐激励作用下输流曲管在系统参数区域内的混沌振动．基于牛顿法导出了输流曲管模型的非线性控制方程,并利用微分求积法对此方程在空间域进行离散,导出了输流曲管的非线性动力学方程组．在此基础上,对输流管道的动力响应进行了数值模拟．采用分岔、相平面、时间历程和庞加莱映射图等手段分析发现,在流速和激励频率的参数区域内,系统将可能发生包括混沌振动在内的多种运动形式．系统可经由倍周期分岔或概周期运动通向混沌．分析结果为工程输流管道模型的合理设计提供了参考．     

固—液耦合Timoshenko管道的稳定性分析

根据Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ原理的固－液耦合振同分方程用幂级数法计算了Ｔｉｍｏｓｈｅｎｋｏ管道的固有频率和临界流速。给出了管道前三阶固有频率－流速的关系曲线,分析了转动惯量对该输流管道的稳定特性的影响。计算结果表明,转动一对两端简支的固－液合Ｔｉｍｏｓｈｅｎｋｏ管道的静力失稳没有影响,但对其频率特性和动力失稳有影响。     

管道内差压驱动机器人相关流场数值模拟研究

管道内流场对机器人的驱动力是设计管内机器人外形尺寸的基本依据,本文用数值方法计算了管道内检测机器人所受的差压驱动力。在合理提出一些基本假设后,用一阶迎风和中心差分格式离散管道内检测机器人附近流场的控制方程,用SIMPLE算法求得了不同入口流速下机器人附近的流场分布,以及流场对机器人的驱动力。结果表明雷诺数为1875时,机器人下游流场变为湍流;当雷诺数为60000时,机器人下游流场变为非定常流,出现周期性流动;计算数据还表示驱动力只与管内平均流速有关而与运行压力无关。     

六面体柔性桁架多体结构的模态测试实验研究

采用半正弦冲击波形，通过内力激振的方法对六面体空间柔性格架结构进行了模态实验研究，得到了系统的前四阶固有频率和模态振型。比较实验结果与理论计算结果，二者能够很好的吻合，验证了理论计算方法的正确性。实验结果表明采用内力激振的方法能够有效的激起结构的固有频率，所得的振动参数可为下一步空间柔性格架振动主动控制提供直接依据。     

Research on solid-liquid coupling dynamics of pipe conveying fluid

I.IntroductionSolid-fluidcouplingvibrationproblemofpipesconveyingfluidarepresencegenerallyinthedomainofastronomic,energysources,chemicalindustryetc..Notonlytheoreticallytheproblemhaswideresearchvalue,butpracticallytheproblemhaswideengineeringbackground.Therefore,itisimportantreseachproblemihsciencedomainspang.Thefirstrightequationofsolid-liquidcouplingvibrationofpipeconveyingfluidwaspiovidedbyG.W.Housner,andV.Y.Feodosievil'2].Thebasicfrequencycharacteristicofpipesconveyingfluidwasstudiedre…     

THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIORS OF VISCOELASTIC PIPE CONVEYING FLUID WITH THE KELVIN MODEL

Based on the differential constitutive relationship of linear viscoelastic, material, a solid-liquid coupling vibration equation for viscoelastic pipe conveying fluid is derived by the D'Alembert's principle. The critical flow velocities and natural frequencies of the cantilever pipe conveying fluid with the Kelvin model (flutter instability) are calculated with the modified finite difference method in the form of the recurrence formula. The curves between the complex frequencies of the first, second and third mode and flow velocity of the pipe are plotted. On the basis of the numerical, calculation results, the dynamic behaviors and stability of the pipe are discussed. It should be pointed out that the delay time of viscoelastic material with the Kelvin model has a remarkable effect on the dynamic characteristics and stability behaviors of the cantilevered pipe conveying fluid, which is a gyroscopic non-conservative system.     

Stability analysis of viscoelastic curved pipes conveying fluid

Based on the Hamilton' s principle for elastic systems of changing mass, a differential equation of motion for viscoelastic curved pipes conveying fluid was derived using variational method, and the complex characteristic equation for the viscoelastic circular pipe conveying fluid was obtained by normalized power series method. The effects of dimensionless delay time on the variation relationship between dimensionless complex frequency of the clamped-clamped viscoelastic circular pipe conveying fluid with the Kelvin-Voigt model and dimensionless flow velocity were analyzed. For greater dimensionless delay time, the behavior of the viscoelastic pipe is that the first, second and third mode does not couple, while the pipe behaves divergent instability in the first and second order mode, then single-mode flutter takes place in the first order mode.     

Internal-external resonance of a curved pipe conveying fluid resting on a nonlinear elastic foundation

In this study, the forced vibration of a curved pipe conveying fluid resting on a nonlinear elastic foundation is considered. The governing equations for the pipe system are formed with the consideration of viscoelastic material, nonlinearity of foundation, external excitation, and extensibility of centre line. Equations governing the in-plane vibration are solved first by the Galerkin method to obtain the static in-plane equilibrium configuration. The out-of-plane vibration is simplified into a constant coefficient gyroscopic system. Subsequently, the method of multiple scales (MMS) is developed to investigate external first and second primary resonances of the out-of-plane vibration in the presence of three-to-one internal resonance between the first two modes. Modulation equations are formed to obtain the steady state solutions. A parametric study is carried out for the first primary resonance. The effects of damping, nonlinear stiffness of the foundation, internal resonance detuning parameter, and the magnitude of the external excitation are investigated through frequency response curves and force response curves. The characteristics of the single mode response and the relationship between single and two mode steady state solutions are revealed for the second primary resonance. The stability analysis is carried out for these plots. Finally, the approximately analytical results are confirmed by the numerical integrations.     

具有弹性支承的圆管在内外部流激发下动力特性及实验研究

本文建立了具有弹性支承的圆管在内外部流激发下的力学模型.推导了内部流与静止外部流作用下圆管的耦联振动方程.提出了确定弹性系数的方法.采用振型叠加法分析圆管动力特性问题.对内部流与静止外部流情况下圆管固有频率进行了计算和测量,计算值与实验值吻合较好.另外,对内外流同时激发下圆管的固有频率进行了测量,得到若干对工程实际有用的结论.     

Natural vibrations of a pipeline segment

Transverse natural vibrations of an extended segment of a pipeline conveying a uniformly moving fluid are studied. The mechanical model under study takes into account the pipe and fluid inertia forces and the moment of the Coriolis and centrifugal forces due to the medium motion. It is assumed that both ends are rigidly fixed and the elastic characteristics are constant along the pipe. A mathematical model is developed on the basis of a generalized procedure of separation of variables, and a boundary value problemfor the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions (natural frequencies and vibration shapes) is posed. Ferrari’s formulas are used to solve the fourth-order complex characteristic equation for the wave parameter, and a closed procedure of numerical-analytical determination of roots of the secular equation for the frequencies is obtained. The frequency curves for the firsts two vibration modes against the dimensionless velocity and inertia parameters are constructed. The forms of the observed motions at different times are obtained. Several effects are revealed indicating that there is a dramatic quantitative and qualitative difference between these vibrations and the standard vibrations corresponding to the case of immovablemedium. We discover the absence of a rectilinear configuration of the axis, the variable number and location of nodes, their inconsistency with the mode number, and some other effects.     

Nonlinear dynamics of a pipe conveying pulsating fluid with parametric and internal resonances

In this paper, the nonlinear planar vibration of a pipe conveying pulsatile fluid subjected to principal parametric resonance in the presence of internal resonance is investigated. The pipe is hinged to two immovable supports at both ends and conveys fluid at a velocity with a harmonically varying component over a constant mean velocity. The geometric cubic nonlinearity in the equation of motion is due to stretching effect of the pipe. The natural frequency of the second mode is approximately three times the natural frequency of the first mode for a range of mean flow velocity, resulting in a three-to-one internal resonance. The analysis is done using the method of multiple scales (MMS) by directly attacking the governing nonlinear integral-partial-differential equations and the associated boundary conditions. The resulting set of first-order ordinary differential equations governing the modulation of amplitude and phase is analyzed numerically for principal parametric resonance of first mode. Stability, bifurcation, and response behavior of the pipe are investigated. The results show new zones of instability due to the presence of internal resonance. A wide array of dynamical behavior is observed, illustrating the influence of internal resonance.