任意多边形网格的欧拉差分格式——流体网格(FLIC)法的推广

一 通常,二维流体力学欧拉数值方法所用的差分网格是等步长的矩形网格。近两年来,[3,6]中的欧拉数值方法也使用了犹如有限元方法使用的三角形网格。但是,在方法的第一步,[6]的格式不保持内能差分守恒律。在[4]中,虽然既考虑了总能量守恒,又考虑到内能平衡,但没有详细考虑网格大小不均的情形。本文将对任意多边形网格建立欧拉差分格式。第一步,格式的总能量守恒差分方程和非散度内能差分方程是等价的。在计算区域中,被划分的网格边数,形状和大小可以不一样。计算网格可以根据具体问题和     

关于非守恒形式差分格式的能量守恒问题

在建立流体力学方程组的差分格式时,对能量方程有两种不同的选择:一种是采用关于总能量(即内能与动能之和)的守恒形式的方程;另一种是采用关于内能的非守恒形式的方程.对于守恒形式的方程,容易建立能量守恒的差分格式(下面称之为守恒形式的差分格式),而对非守恒形式的方程建立的格式(下面称之为非守恒形式的差分格式),则在     

扩充偏微分方程(组)守恒律和对称的辅助方程方法及微分形式吴方法的应用

首先,我们给出了引入伴随方程(组)扩充原方程(组)的策略使给定偏微分方程(组)的扩充方程组具有对应泛瓯即,成为Lagrange系统的方法,以此为基础提出了作为偏微分方程(组)传统守恒律和对称概念的一种推广-偏微分方程(组)扩充守恒律和扩充对称的概念;其次,以得到的Lagrange系统为基础给定了确定原方程(组)扩充守恒律和扩充对称的方法,从而达到扩充给定偏微分方程(组)的首恒律和对称的目的;第三,提出了适用于一般形式微分方程(组)的计算固有守恒律的方法;第四,实现以上算法过程中,我们先把计算(扩充)守恒律和对称问题均归结为求解超定线性齐次偏微分方程组(确定方程组)的问题.然后,对此关键问题我们提出了用微分形式吴方法处理的有效算法;最后,作为方法的应用我们计算确定了非线性电报方程组在内的五个发展方程(组)的新守恒律和对称,同时也说明了方法的有效性.     

大气环流闭合方程组的总能量守恒格式及全球预报误差的严格估计

本文讨论大气环流闭合方程组,由于同时考虑了热传导效应,内摩擦效应及表达动能向内能转化的耗散项,因此符合总能量守恒律,文中对这一方程组建立了加权平均守恒型差分格式,并证明当选择最优参数时,它满足离散形式的总能量守恒律,通常的二次守恒格式是其次优的情况,文中还综合应用了Jessen不等式,Hardy不等式等等,从而严格证明了在一定条件下,存在t₀>0,当t     

三阶Airy方程满足两个守恒律的非线性差分格式

近年来,学者们对发展型偏微分方程设计了一种能保持多个守恒律的数值方法,这类方法无论在解的精度还是长时间的数值模拟方面都表现出非常好的性质.将这类思想应用到三阶Airy方程,即三阶散射方程,对其设计了满足两个守恒律的非线性差分格式.该格式不仅计算数值解,同时计算数值能量,并且保证数值解和数值能量同时守恒.从数值结果可以看出,该格式在长时间的数值模拟中具有更好的保结构性质.     

关于“追赶”法的稳定性

序言 用差分方程逼近常微分方程边值问题,或用隐式差分格式逼近演化型偏微分方程初边值问题时,通常需求解差分方程的两点边值问题.常用的方法是“追赶法”.在[1—4]中,讨论了各种类型的“追赶”法及其稳定性.在这些文章中,或依据系数矩阵特征值的性质,或依据差分方程两点边值问题在C模意义下的性态,来证明“追赶”法的稳定性.关于差分     

三维热传导型半导体问题的特征有限元方法和分析

本文研究三维热传导型半导体瞬态问题的特征有限元方法及其理论分析,其数学模型是一类非线性偏微分方程的初边值问题,对电子位势方程提出Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ逼近;对电子,空穴浓度方程采用特征有限元逼近;对热传导方程采用对时间向后差分的Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ逼近．应用微分方程先验估计理论和技巧得到了最优阶Ｌ＾２误差估计。     

三维热传导型半导体问题的特征混合元方法和分析

本文研究三维热传导型半导体态问题的特征混合元方法及其理论分析,其数学模型是一类非线性偏微分方程的初边值问题,对电子位势方程提出混合元逼近,对电子,空穴浓度方程笔挺表限元逼近;对热传导方程采用对时间向后差分的Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ逼近,应用微分方程先验估计理论和技巧得到了最优阶Ｌ＾２误差估计。     

等熵气体动力学方程组Lax-Friedrichs格式的收敛性(Ⅰ)

§1引言 如所周知,Lax-Friedrichs格式是P.D.Lax对拟线性双曲型守恒律方程组提出的一种有限差分格式。若得到了其相应的差分逼近解的收敛性,这格式不仅提供了证明:整体广义解存在性的一种理想途径,而且能方便有效地直接用来进行整体解的数值计算。在单个守恒律方程情形,O.Oleinik,C.Conway and J.Smoller等证明了这一格式的收敛性,并得到了整体广义解的存在性。然而,对双曲型方程组,特别是气体动力学方程组,Lax-Friedrichs格式的收敛性一直没有什么结果。     

一类半线性对流扩散问题特征-有限体积法H1模误差估计

1引言有限体积法是由Baliga和Patankar提出的一种数值求解偏微分方程,特别是物理学中保持守恒律方程的有效方法．由于其运用原方程的体积积分公式和有限控制体积来离散方程．使方程在控制体积上保持守恒律这一重要的物理特性,自出现以来,有了很大的发展([2-4],[10])．特征线方法([1],[8],[9])则是一种非常适合求解对流占优扩散方程的数值     

NEW FAMILIES OF CENTERS AND LIMIT CYCLES FOR POLYNOMIAL DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEMS WITH HOMOGENEOUS NONLINEARITIES

We consider the class of polynomial differential equations x = -y+Pn(x,y), y = x + Qn(x, y), where Pn and Qn are homogeneous polynomials of degree n. Inside this class we identify a new subclass of systems having a center at the origin. We show that this subclass contains at least two subfamilies of isochro-nous centers. By using a method different from the classical ones, we study the limit cycles that bifurcate from the periodic orbits of such centers when we perturb them inside the class of all polynomial differential systems of the above form. In particular, we present a function whose simple zeros correspond to the limit cycles vvhich bifurcate from the periodic orbits of Hamiltonian systems.     

构造二维双曲型方程完全守恒差分格式的一种方法

§1 许多物理过程(例如气动力学,激光等离子体相互作用,磁流体力学,基本粒子输运等)的数学模型均可写成偏导数形式的二维不定常偏微分方程组:     

UNSTEADY STATE DISPERSION OF AIR POLLUTANTS UNDER THE EFFECTS OF DELAYED AND NONDELAYED REMOVAL MECHANISMS

Abstract In this paper, we present a two‐dimensional time‐dependent mathematical model for studying the unsteady state dispersion of air pollutants emitted from an elevated line source in the atmosphere under the simultaneous effects of delayed (slow) and nondelayed (instantaneous) removal mechanisms. The wind speed and coefficient of diffusion are taken as functions of the vertical height above the ground. The deposition of pollutants on the absorptive ground and leakage into the atmosphere at the inversion layer are also included in the model by applying appropriate boundary conditions. The model is solved numerically by the fractional step method. The Lagrangian approach is used to solve the advection part, whereas the Eulerian finite difference scheme is applied to solve the part with the diffusion and removal processes. The solutions are analyzed to observe the effects of coexisting delayed and nondelayed removal mechanisms on overall dispersion. Comparison of delayed and nondelayed removal processes of equal capacity shows that the latter (nondelayed) process is more effective than the former (delayed removal) in the removal of pollutants from the atmosphere.     

METHOD OF CENTERS ALGORITHM FOR MULTI-OBJECTIVE PROGRAMMING PROBLEMS

In this paper, we consider a method of centers for solving multi-objective programming problems, where the objective functions involved are concave functions and the set of feasible points is convex. The algorithm is defined so that the sub-problems that must be solved during its execution may be solved by finite-step procedures. Conditions are given under which the algorithm generates sequences of feasible points and constraint multiplier vectors that have accumulation points satisfying the KKT conditions. Finally, we establish convergence of the proposed method of centers algorithm for solving multiobjective programming problems.     

Eulerian polynomials and B-splines

An interrelationship between Eulerian polynomials, Eulerian fractions and Euler–Frobe nius polynomials, Euler–Frobenius fractions, and B-splines is presented. The properties of Eulerian polynomials and Eulerian fractions and their applications in B-spline interpolation and evaluation of Riemann zeta function values at odd integers are given. The relation between Eulerian numbers and B-spline values at knot points are also discussed.     

一维粘性守恒律初边值问题粘性激波解的渐近稳定性

本文考虑一维可压缩Navier-Stokes方程有关初边值问题粘性激波解的渐近稳定性,通过L~2-能量估计,证明了在小扰动情况下,粘性激波是稳定的。     

Navier-Stokes方程的数值计算方法研究

前言 计算技术的发展,为数值求解复杂的可压缩Navier-Stokes方程提供了良好的条件.在解决实践中提出的空气动力问题时,我们仍面临很多困难.其一是复杂的几何图形为边界条件的处理带来了麻烦;二是为了得到一组比较满意的定常状态的解,往往需要花费大量的计算机时,即使是解二元问题,机时消耗也非常突出.最后,利用现在广为采用的     

ASYMPTOTIC AND BIFURCATION ANALYSIS OF WAVE-PINNING IN A REACTION-DIFFUSION MODEL FOR CELL POLARIZATION

We describe and analyze a bistable reaction-diffusion (RD) model for two interconverting chemical species that exhibits a phenomenon of wave-pinning: a wave of activation of one of the species is initiated at one end of the domain, moves into the domain, decelerates, and eventually stops inside the domain, forming a stationary front. The second ("inactive") species is depleted in this process. This behavior arises in a model for chemical polarization of a cell by Rho GTPases in response to stimulation. The initially spatially homogeneous concentration profile (representative of a resting cell) develops into an asymmetric stationary front profile (typical of a polarized cell). Wave-pinning here is based on three properties: (1) mass conservation in a finite domain, (2) nonlinear reaction kinetics allowing for multiple stable steady states, and (3) a sufficiently large difference in diffusion of the two species. Using matched asymptotic analysis, we explain the mathematical basis of wave-pinning, and predict the speed and pinned position of the wave. An analysis of the bifurcation of the pinned front solution reveals how the wave-pinning regime depends on parameters such as rates of diffusion and total mass of the species. We describe two ways in which the pinned solution can be lost depending on the details of the reaction kinetics: a saddle-node or a pitchfork bifurcation.     

A STRONG ERGODIC THEOREM FOR SOME NONLINEAR MATRIX MODELS FOR THE DYNAMICS OF STRUCTURED POPULATIONS

A general class of matrix difference equation models for the dynamics of discrete class structured populations in discrete time which possess a certain general type of nonlinearity introduced by Leslie for age-structured populations is considered. Arbitrary structuring is allowed in that transitions between any two classes are permitted. It is shown that normalized class distributions for such nonlinear models globally approach a “stable class distribution” and thus possess a strong ergodic property exactly like that of the classical linear theory of demography. However, unlike in the linear theory according to which the total population size grows or dies exponentially, the dynamics of total population size in these nonlinear models are shown to be governed by a nonlinear, nonautonomous scalar difference equation. This difference equation is asymptotically autonomous, and theorems which relate the dynamics of total population size to those of this limiting equation are proved. Examples in which the results are applied to some nonlinear age-structure models found in the literature are given.     

Elasto-plastic finite element modelling of strip cold rolling using Eulerian fixed mesh technique

An Eulerian fixed mesh finite element technique applicable to metal-forming processes operating under steady-state condition is presented. Different specific features are demonstrated by solving plane-strain rolling problem. The advantage of the Eulerian fixed mesh technique over the updated Lagrangian one in modelling the elastic flattening of rolls is demonstrated. The obtained pressure distribution and the stress field are compared with other numerical and/or experimental results available in the literature with which good agreement is found. It is found that the consideration of the elastic flattening of rolls decreases the difference between the measured and the computed results.