批量离子交换层析和凝胶过滤层析在类人胶原蛋白I纯化中的应用

研究了利用批量离子交换层析与凝胶过滤层析相结合的方法纯化类人胶原蛋白I的最佳条件。分别考察了不同离子交换树脂、缓冲溶液pH、离子强度、进料蛋白浓度对批量离子交换的影响,以及不同凝胶过滤介质对凝胶过滤层析的影响。结果表明,采用阴离子交换树脂DEAE52吸附杂蛋白,缓冲液pH为7.0,NaCl浓度为0.2mol/L,进料蛋白浓度为40mg/mL,并采用凝胶过滤介质SephadexG-100进一步纯化后,类人胶原蛋白I的纯度可达到98.2%,总纯化倍数为3.1,总回收率为80.6%。SDS-PAGE分子量分析和N末端氨基酸序列分析均表明纯化后的类人胶原蛋白I与基因设计一致。     

从酵母细胞中分离纯化醇脱氢酶

醇脱氢酶(ADH)用于食品工业，还是酶法测定乙醇或乙醛含量的工具酶。沉淀法和层析法至今仍然广泛用于分离蛋白质和酶。用离子交换层析、亲和层析等方法经过4～5个纯化步骤后，分离纯化ADH和其它蛋白质，纯化倍数可达100多倍。我们从酵母细胞中分离出醇脱氢酶，并通过硫酸铵分段盐析、凝胶层析以及离子交换层析对该酶进行纯化，用较少的步骤得到了相对高的纯化倍数。     

孔雀石绿的磁性免疫层析快速检测方法研究

开发了一种适用于现场快速检测孔雀石绿(MG)的免疫层析试纸条,在超顺磁性纳米微球上偶联MG单克隆抗体作为检测探针,分别将孔雀石绿完全抗原(MG-B SA)和羊抗鼠IgG喷涂于NC膜的T线和C线.结果 发现,T线最佳喷涂量为0.25 mg/mL,抗体最佳偶联量为20 μg,构建的试纸条可在25 min内实现养殖用水及鱼肉...     

氟苯尼考胶体金免疫层析定量检测方法的建立

建立了定量检测氟苯尼考的胶体金免疫层析方法.对胶体金标记抗体时溶液pH和抗体浓度、金标抗体用量、检测线上抗原浓度以及检测时间进行了优化.采用胶体金试纸条读取仪测定试纸条检测线和质控线的信号强度,以标准品的浓度为横坐标,阳性样本和阴性样本的检测线/质控线的信号比值(Bx/B0)为纵坐标建立标准曲线.结果表明,胶体金免疫层析试纸定量检测氟苯尼考的线性范围为0.1~1.5 ng/mL,检出限为0.08 ng/mL,检测时间为15 min.本方法具有简便、快速和可定量等特点,适于大批量样品的现场筛查.     

粮食中百草枯残留的金标免疫层析检测方法研究

采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金,研究胶体金与抗体蛋白的作用过程,确定稳定标记1.0 mL胶体金需8.10μg抗体蛋白,标记体系的最佳pH值为8.5。以金标抗体为分析探针,PQ-h-OVA为竞争抗原,羊抗兔IgG为控制抗体,构建直接竞争胶体金标免疫层析检测体系(GICA)。确定膜上包被抗原的质量浓度为0.50 g/L,点样量为1.0μL/条;金标点样量:5.0μL/条;羊抗兔二抗的最佳包被质量浓度为0.11 g/L,点样量为1.0μL/条。金标试纸条的目测检出限为10μg/L,检测时间约5 min,交叉反应率小于0.10%。方法的重复性和稳定性较好,该试纸条在室温下至少可保存5个月。     

基因工程人表皮生长因子的分离纯化及其浓度的在线检测

在分离纯化快速开拓系统(AKTA explorer 100)中用凝胶(Sephadex G—50 superfine)纯化人表皮生长因子,并在优化的条件下对人表皮生长因子(hEGF)进行定量测定?与经离子交换柱、SDS—PAGE及凝胶图象扫描分析系统的人表皮生长因子标准品间相互印证。结果表明在优化条件下,在SDS—PAGE上可得到与标准样品hEGF一样清晰的单条带,其产品纯度高于94％,检出限可达1μg／mL。该法不仅对人表皮生长因子的在线检测行之有效,而且对其它蛋白质分离的在线检测也具有参考价值。     

λ-卡拉胶有限水解物在蛋白质置换层析分离中的应用研究

λ－卡拉胶经过有限酸水解得到不同平均分子量的组分，选用平均分子量为21kDa的组分，作为蛋白质置换层析的置换制，用于纤维素酶的分离纯化。经过置换层析，使黑色葡萄状穗霉S607发酵液中难以通过常规的分子筛和离子交换层析分离的一个内切酶组分（EGⅢ）和一个β－葡萄糖苷酶组分得到较好的分离。     

芽孢杆菌L4所产角蛋白酶的纯化工艺、理化性质及其应用研究

根据芽孢杆菌L4菌株发酵产生的角蛋白酶的分子量和等电点等特征,分别采用硫酸铵盐析沉淀,Sephadex G-75凝胶过滤、DEAE-cellulose 52离子交换和Sepharose 4B凝胶过滤等色谱层析对其进行分离纯化,经SDS-PAGE检测呈现单一条带,分子量为149kD;变性电泳结果显示,该酶由4个分子量约为37.5kD的亚基组成;采用等电聚焦电泳测得其等电点为7.76,并通过纸层析法初步确认该酶为高甘露糖型糖蛋白;最后通过羊毛水解实验确认该酶具有水解羊毛角蛋白的能力,在羊毛仿羊绒等领域具有一定的应用价值.     

硅胶柱层析法纯化全苯异氰酸酯基β-环糊精

以粒径为0.07～0.05 mm的硅胶为柱填料,研究了全苯基异氰酸酯基环糊精的分离,考察了流动相组成、填料床层、流速、柱温和上样量等因素对分离的影响. 结果表明,硅胶柱层析法纯化全苯异氰酸酯基-β-环糊精的最佳工艺条件:床层高度为32 cm,流动相V(正己烷): V(乙酸乙酯)=2: 1,流速为0.6 mL/min,柱温为30 ℃,最大上样量为0.02 g混和物(溶于2 mL流动相). 在此条件下,先洗脱组分回收率为40.91%,后洗脱组分回收率为50%;总回收率为90.91%.     

铁纳米线/壳聚糖/抗体生物探针的制备和层析检测

以戊二醛为交联剂制备Fe纳米线/壳聚糖复合物,研究其对牛血清白蛋白的吸附性能:缓冲液pH为6.0时,达到最大平衡吸附量,为148.40 mg/g;以Fe纳米线/壳聚糖交联吸附α-HCG抗体制备生物探针,组装层析试纸条,进行免疫层析实验,结果表明:其检测灵敏度为10 IU/L,与市场上销售的胶体金早孕试纸条相比,可以将早孕检测时间提前2～3 d.     

离子色谱法测定水中的高氯酸盐

采用离子色谱法测定了饮用水中痕量的高氯酸盐,以30mmol／LNaOH为淋洗液,1mL／min流量,1000μL进样,在25min内可完成测定高氯酸盐;利用加热浓缩的方法对水样进行前处理,浓缩10倍后进样。结果表明,该法回收率为87．9％,检测限为0．10μg/L,具有实际应用价值。     

强阴离子交换色谱结合分子排阻色谱纯化血清中免疫球蛋白和白蛋白

动物血清中免疫球蛋白和白蛋白的等电点分别约为7.8和4.8,根据它们等电点的较大差别,利用Q SepharoseTM-XL强阴离子交换色谱结合分子排阻色谱同时分离纯化这2种蛋白。以0.02 mol/L pH 8.0的Tris-HCl缓冲液平衡离子交换色谱柱并将已稀释10倍的高免疫的兔血清上样,采用pH分段洗脱。在pH 6.0时以0.3 mL/min低流速洗脱得到高纯度的免疫球蛋白,继续在pH 4.0时洗脱,再辅以Sephadex G-75分子排阻色谱可获得纯度大于95%的白蛋白。对纯化后的蛋白进行活性检测,证明所纯化的免疫球蛋白和白蛋白都保持正常的生物活性。蛋白质含量测定说明免疫球蛋白的纯化回收率达到95%以上,而白蛋白的纯化回收率大于90%。该法简便快速,可同时从动物血清中纯化出保持生物活性的免疫球蛋白和白蛋白,纯化效率高。     

Purification of low-abundance lysozyme in egg white via free-flow electrophoresis with gel-filtration chromatography

As an effective separation tool, free-flow electrophoresis has not been used for purification of low-abundance protein in complex sample matrix. Herein, lysozyme in complex egg white matrix was chosen as the model protein for demonstrating the purification of low-content peptide via an FFE coupled with gel fitration chromatography (GFC). The crude lysozyme in egg while was first separated via free-flow zone electrophoresis (FFZE). After that, the fractions with lysozyme activity were condensed via lyophilization. Thereafter, the condensed fractions were further purified via a GFC of Sephadex G50. In all of the experiments, a special poly(acrylamide- co-acrylic acid) (P(AM-co-AA)) gel electrophoresis and a mass spectrometry were used for identification of lysozyme. The conditions of FFZE were optimized as follows: 130 μL/min sample flow rate, 4.9 mL/min background buffer of 20 mM pH 5.5 Tris-Acetic acid, 350 V, and 14 °C as well as 2 mg/mL protein content of crude sample. It was found that the purified lysozyme had the purity of 80% and high activity as compared with its crude sample with only 1.4% content and undetectable activity. The recoveries in the first and second separative steps were 65% and 82%, respectively, and the total recovery was about 53.3%. The reasons of low recovery might be induced by diffusion of lysozyme out off P(AM-co-AA) gel and co-removing of high-abundance egg ovalbumin. All these results indicated FFE could be used as alternative tool for purification of target solute with low abundance.     

高速逆流色谱双水相体系分离蛋白质

利用多分离柱高速逆流色谱仪,研究了聚乙二醇1000(PEG1000)-磷酸盐双水相体系的固定相保留率及该体系对蛋白质混合物和鸡蛋清样品的分离。以14.0%PEG1000-16.0%磷酸盐体系的上相为固定相,在流速0.6 mL/min和转速900 r/min的条件下,固定相的保留率达到33.3%。在pH 9.2的PEG1000-磷酸盐双水相体系中,细胞色素C、溶菌酶和血红蛋白的分配系数差异最大,采用该pH值的14.0%PEG1000-16.0%磷酸钾盐双水相体系,在流速1.0 mL/min和转速850 r/min的条件下,成功地分离了这3种蛋白质的混合物。鸡蛋清中的主要蛋白质成分卵转铁蛋白、卵白蛋白和溶菌酶在pH 9.2的15.0%PEG1000-17.0%磷酸钾盐体系中也具有最大的分配系数差异。采用该体系,在流速1.0 mL/min和转速850 r/min的条件下,成功地分离了鸡蛋清样品,得到的卵白蛋白、溶菌酶和卵转铁蛋白的电泳纯度分别为100％,100％和60％,收率均大于90％。     

Separation and purification of two taxanes and one xylosyl‐containing taxane from Taxus wallichiana Zucc.: A comparison between high‐speed countercurrent chromatography and reversed‐phase flash chromatography

10‐Deacetylbaccatin III, an important semisynthetic precursor of paclitaxel and docetaxel, can be extracted from Taxus wallichiana Zucc. A process for the isolation and purification of 10‐deacetylbaccatin III ( 1 ), baccatin III ( 2 ), and 7β‐xylosyl‐10‐deacetyltaxol ( 3 ) from the leaves and branches of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. via macroporous resin column chromatography combined with high‐speed countercurrent chromatography or reversed‐phase flash chromatography was developed in this study. After fractionation by macroporous resin column chromatography, 80% methanol fraction was selected based on high‐performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry qualitative analysis. A solvent system composed of n‐hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water (1.6:2.5:1.6:2.5, v/v/v/v) was used for the high‐speed countercurrent chromatography separation at a flow rate of 2.5 mL/min. The reversed‐phase flash chromatography separation was performed using methanol/water as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 3 mL/min. The high‐speed countercurrent chromatography separation produced compounds 1 (10.2 mg, 94.4%), 2 (2.1 mg, 98.0%), and 3 (4.6 mg, 98.8%) from 100 mg of sample within 110 min, while the reversed‐phase flash chromatography separation purified compounds 1 (9.8 mg, 95.6%) and 3 (4.9 mg, 97.9%) from 100 mg of sample within 120 min.     

Exploration and optimization of conditions for quantitative analysis of lignans in Schisandra chinensis by an online supercritical fluid extraction with supercritical fluid chromatography system

An online supercritical fluid extraction with supercritical fluid chromatography system could provide sequential extraction and quantitative analysis of lignans in Schisandra chinensis. Supercritical fluid extraction conditions were optimized at 15 MPa, 50°C, and 4 min with supercritical CO₂ adding 1% methanol; the elution volume and flow rate were set at 6 mL and 2 mL/min to blow extract out of the tank completely. The split‐flow rate was confirmed at 2.5%, which determines injection volume and accuracy of quantitative detection. The factors having negative influences on supercritical fluid chromatography retention in the online system, including sample loading forms and backpressure settings, are discussed in the paper. At last, an extraction‐quantitative method for lignans in Schisandra chinensis was developed, which could be finished within 19.5 min. The total content percentage of four lignans (Schisandrin, Schisandrin A, Schisandrin B and Schisandrol B) in four batches was respectively measured to be 1.42, 1.54, 1.62, and 1.90%.     

Simultaneous analysis of six inorganic anions in urine by double-suppress ion-exchange chromatography

This study is aimed to establish a simple, rapid, and accurate ion chromatography approach for the simultaneous detection of six inorganic anions in urine. Various performance parameters affecting the determination of anions were optimized, including the selection of sample protein precipitation agent, eluent, and flow rate. The final eluent was 3.6 mmol/L sodium carbonate and 12% isopropanol with a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Acetonitrile was used for pretreatment to precipitate proteins, and the volume ratio of urine to acetonitrile was 1:4. The correlation coefficient of the target anion calibration curve ranged from 0.9973 to 0.9999. The limit of detection ranged from 1.50 to 12.0 μg/L, and the method detection limit ranged from 15.0 to 120 μg/L. The standard recovery rate for low, medium, and high concentrations ranged from 90 to 110%. The inter-day and intra-day relative standard deviations were <5%. The method has high accuracy and good reproducibility and is suitable for the separation and determination of anions in urine.     

在线固相萃取-离子色谱法测定4种芳环磺酸盐中的硫酸根离子

建立一种在线固相萃取-离子色谱测定4种芳环磺酸盐中硫酸根离子含量的新方法。将自装填的多孔石墨化碳固相萃取柱应用于离子色谱系统,对样品进行在线前处理。样品经过多孔石墨化碳固相萃取柱基体消除后进入收集环,通过阀切换方式使待测硫酸根离子转入阴离子分析柱和检测系统。固相萃取流路用1.5 mmol/L碳酸钠以0.8 mL/min的流速对基体在线富集,进样量为20μL,分析柱为SH-AC-3(250 mm×4.0 mm)+SH-AG-3(50 mm×4.0 mm)色谱柱,柱温为35℃,在6 mmol/L碳酸钠-4 mmol/L碳酸氢钠条件下等度洗脱,流速为0.8 mL/min。结果表明:硫酸根离子在0.50~20.00 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.998 3,保留时间、峰高和峰面积的相对标准偏差均在0.28%~2.86%之间,方法检出限为0.010 6 mg/L,回收率为91.01%~109.3%,具有良好的线性关系和重复性。整个在线分析过程在25 min之内完成。该方法进样量少、快速、高效。     

高速逆流色谱分离纯化EGCG3"Me的研究

首次采用高速逆流色谱法对经自制聚酰胺初步分离的表没食子儿茶素-3-(3″-O-甲基)没食子酸酯( EGCG3"Me)样品中的EGCG3"Me单体进行分离纯化.结果表明,选择水-甲醇-乙酸乙酯-正己烷(体积比5:2:9:1)为高速逆流色谱分离的两相溶剂系统,上相为固定相,下相为流动相,在主机转速700 r／min、流速2...     

大体积进样离子色谱法检测饮用水中六价铬

建立了离子色谱检测饮用水中的六价铬的分析方法。以AS23柱分离,20mmol／L NaOH为淋洗液,1．0mL／min流量,1mL大体积进样,电导检测。结果表明,方法检测限为0．8μg／L,水样加标回收率在96．0％-102．0％之间,相对标准偏差为4．09％-1．40％;与标准方法二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法结果比对表明,该法检测限低、操作简便、准确快捷,适用于饮用水中六价铬的检测。