悬浮体制样石墨炉原子吸收光谱法直接测定食品中的Cu、Zn、Mn

本文提出以PTFE作为化学改进剂，悬浮体制石墨炉原子吸收光谱法（GFAAS）测定食品中痕量Cu、Zn、Mn的新方法，对GFAAS测定Cu、Zn、Mn的条件进行了优化。在选定的实验条件下，测定Cu、Zn、Mn的特征捏分别为3．1pg,0.8pg和1．8pg。采用水溶液工作曲线法直接分析了食品试样中的痕量Cu、Zn、Mn，其测定结果参考值相一致，本方法无需任何化学前处理，灵敏，简便，快速。     

聚丙烯腈微球预富集分离微柱与FAAS联用测定痕量Cd(Ⅱ)和Zn(Ⅱ)

将自制的聚合物微球填充到玻璃柱制备了2.5cm×4 mm i.d.预富集分离柱,并将其与火焰原子吸收光谱(FAAS)法联用,测定了其对Cd2和Zn2+的动态吸附,建立了测定溶液中痕量Cd2+和Zn2+的预富集分离-FAAS方法;优化了对Cd2+和Zn2+的吸附富集与洗脱条件,在室温下,溶液pH为5～6,上样和洗脱液流速...     

流动注射-速差动力学分析研究meso-四(3-氯-4-磺基苯)卟啉光度法同时测定铜锌

本文研究了多种金属离子与meso-四(3-氯-4-磺基苯)卟啉的显色反应动力学特性。利用Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)与其它金属离子之间反应速率上的差异,建立了一种选择性同时测定Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)的流动注射分析法,不经分离同时测定桃叶样品中的铜、锌,结果满意。     

用卟啉显色剂测定多组分的研究 Ⅳ.多元线性回归法同时测定铁(Ⅲ)、铜(Ⅱ)、锌(Ⅱ)

本文研究了meso-四-(4-磺酸基苯基)卟啉与Fe(Ⅲ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)的共同显色条件。提出了用多元线性回归法计算程序同时测定Fe(Ⅲ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)的方法。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定Zn镀层质量厚度及计算谱线选择问题研究

用X射线荧光光谱法测定了Fe基上Zn镀层的质量厚度；研究了厚度不同时选用不同谱线计算对测定结果的影响，发现在镀层质量厚度较小时（约〈14mg／cm^2）测量Zn元素的Kα线，质量厚度较大时选择Zn的Kα和Fe的Kα线共同计算，用纯元素和相似标样校正测定结果之间的偏差最小；用纯元素作校正标样测定了3个标准样品的Zn镀层质量厚度，计算结果与标准值符舍得较好。     

水溶性卟啉试剂微分分光光度法同时测定痕量Cu(Ⅱ)和Zn(Ⅱ)

本文研究了四-(4-三甲铵苯基)卟啉微分分光光度同时测定痕量Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)的方法,灵敏度高,表观微分摩尔吸光系数分别达7.8×10~5和1.26×10~6。方法选择性好,操作简便,可用于水样、纯硝酸、盐酸和纯稀土试样中痕量Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)的测定。     

人发中锌的光度分析近况

从光度法测定人发中Zn(Ⅱ）的重要显色剂出发,对近年来人发中Zn(Ⅱ）的光度测定进展作一综述。     

高灵敏度分光光度法测定痕量 Zn(Ⅱ) 的研究

研究了 Zn( ) - SCN-- Rh B- PVA高灵敏度显色反应体系 ,建立了光度法测定矿泉水中痕量 Zn( )的新方法。结果表明 ,在盐酸介质锌 -罗丹明 B络合物的表观摩尔吸光系数为 1 .58× 1 0 6L·mol-1·cm-1,Zn( )的质量浓度在0～ 2 .0 μg/ 50 m L范围内服从比尔定律。本方法已用于测定饮用水中总 Zn     

缺Zn症患儿微量元素水平的样本特征分析及其临床补Zn治疗的评价

测定了150例缺Zn症患儿及健康儿发样中的Zn、Ca、Mg及Fe四元素水平．采用主成分分析法．将高维空间中的样本点映射到低维空间中来观察，研究其样本特征，评价临床补Zn治疗措施．结果瑶明：缺Zn症患儿体内缺Zn是病理的主要方面，但往往同时伴有其它微量元素水平偏低现象，临床缺Zn症状的表现可能为多种元素综合效应的反映．因此临床治疗不能单纯考虑朴Zn，还应结合患儿体内其他元素水平的具体情况，考虑其他元素的补给．治疗才能奏效显著．     

微波消解-HR-CS FAAS法快速顺序测定老抽中金属元素

建立微波消解-高分辨连续光源火焰原子吸收光谱法快速顺序测定老抽中Ca,Fe,Mg,Zn的方法。实验选择微波消解作为样品前处理方式,研究了乙炔流量和燃烧器高度对测定结果的影响,通过实验分别确定了测定Ca,Fe,Mg,Zn的最佳参数。在此条件下,快速顺序测定老抽中Ca,Fe,Mg,Zn的质量浓度分别为8.0,31.4,415.8,4.9 mg/L,加标回收率为96.2%~105.2%,精密度(RSD)为0.7%~2.1%。该方法为食品中多元素快速顺序检测提供了科学依据。     

Microwave plasma torch analytical atomic spectrometry

The microwave plasma torch (MPT), as a relative new source, has found extensive use in atomic spectrometry. In this review, the fundamental features and characteristics of the MPT are summarized and compared with other kinds of analytical atomic sources, such as the more popularly used inductively coupled plasma (ICP), the direct current plasma (DCP), as well as other kinds of microwave plasmas (MWPs). Since the MPT offers some attractive features, it has been used as an excitation source for atomic emission spectrometry (MPT-AES), including the atomic emission detection (AED) for gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC) and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). Also, it has been used either as an ionization source for atomic mass spectrometry (MPT-AMS) or an atomization source for atomic fluorescence spectrometry (MPT-AFS). The historical development and recent improvements in these MPT atomic spectrometric techniques are evaluated with emphasis on the analytical advantages and limitations. In addition, the future research directions and the application prospects of MPT atomic spectrometry (MPT-AS) are discussed.     

电热蒸发进样低功率MPT—AES测定铜,锌,镉的研究

微波等离子体炬(MPT)是一种具有类似ICP炬管结构的新型等离子体光源,该光源的基本性质已进行了详细的研究。本文采用自制的低功率MPT为激发光源,以氧为工作气体,用微型电热蒸发装置进样,测得铜、锌和镉的检出限分别为3.3、1.4和1.7ng/mL。考察了碱金属元素对铜、锌和镉发射信号的影响,该方法应用于钢样中铜的测定,结果较好。     

微波诱导等离子体离子化检测器的研究——气相色谱法同时测定甲醇和水

本文采用带自制的微波诱导等离子体离子化检测(GC-MIPID)的气相色谱,以氩气为载气和工作气体,对甲醇和水的同时测定进行了详细研究。方法灵敏度优于氢火焰离子化检测器和热导池检测器,并且解决了用单一检测器难以同时测定甲醇和水的问题。方法已用于乙醇中甲醇和水的测定。文中还对MIPID的离子化机理作了初步的探讨。     

Determination of precious metals in geological samples by continuous powder introduction microwave induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry after preconcentration on activated carbon

A novel method was developed for analysing geological materials for Au, Ag, Pd and Pt by continuous powder introduction microwave induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry (CPI-MIP-AES). The preconcentration of the trace metals on activated carbon (AC) was performed before conducting MIP-AES measurements in order to obtain accurate and precise analytical results. The method proposed is based on the selective sorption of precious metals that are subsequently introduced to the plasma as a dry particulate aerosol consisted of analytes collected on the sorbent. The technical design and operating conditions of the novel sample introduction system based on the fluidized-bed concept has been optimized. The microwave excitation source with integrated rectangular cavity TE₁₀₁ and vertically positioned plasma torch has been used. The signal stability proved to be adequate for sequential mode of measurements due to the vertical plasma configuration as well as the MIP-AES system compatibility with the CPI technique. Calibration was done using home-made standards obtained by sorption of metals of interest from standard solutions on activated carbon. Precision is typically 1-4% relative standard deviation at the 1 μg g⁻¹ level. Under measurement conditions the detection limits for Ag, Au, Pd and Pt were 24, 43, 57 and 550 ng per 1 g of AC, respectively. The proposed procedure was used for Au, Ag, Pd and Pt determination in the platinum ore SARM-7 as well as Au and Ag in the Chinese soil GBW-07405 certified reference materials. The standard addition technique was used and recoveries revealed that the proposed method shows good accuracy and precision.     

Multielement Analysis of Whole Blood Using a Capacitively Coupled Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer

A capacitively coupled microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometer (CMP-AES) has been evaluated as a means for the direct analysis of several of the primary and trace elements in whole blood. A tungsten filament spiral electrode was used with the CMP, and whole blood samples were deposited on the electrode and subsequently dried, ashed, and atomized. The emission was measured with a spectrometer and a charge-coupled-device detector. A sample size of only 2 μl was required and the time for each sample run was under 4 min. This method has a wide dynamic range, allowing the determination of both the primary elements in blood and elements present in trace quantities. Potassium, sodium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, and zinc were studied. Good linearity was observed and the concentration levels obtained for these elements were consistent with literature values. The primary advantages of this method are that no sample pretreatment or dilution is required, the instrument cost is low, and the method is capable of simultaneous multielement analysis on small, discrete samples.     

Efficient and Novel Synthesis of Benzoxazole Derivatives in the Presence of Zinc Dust Under Solvent-Free Conditions

A mild and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of 2-cyclic amine-substituted benzoxazole derivatives using zinc dust under microwave irradiation in the absence of solvent is described. A comparative study was performed under conventional and microwave heating conditions. Zinc dust can be reused several times after reactivation. The significant feature of this method is the isolation of the pure product by simple workup in a short reaction time with high purity.     

Synthesis of zinc oxide powders in plasma–solution systems

A new method is proposed for the synthesis of powdered zinc oxide with the use of a plasma–solution system. The chemical and phase compositions and the morphology of the synthesized powders have been determined. It has been found that the calcination of powders obtained in the plasma–solution system leads to the formation of ZnO.     

电热蒸发进样微波诱导等离子体原子吸收光谱法测定银和镉的研究

研究了以常压低功率氩微波诱导等离子体（ＭＩＰ）为原子化器的原子吸收光谱法（ＡＡＳ）测定银和镉。采用电热蒸发（ＥＴＶ）,浓Ｈ２ＳＯ４吸收去溶的进样方法。考察了微波前向功率,载气流量,去溶电压,去溶时间,蒸发电压,酸度对银,镉测定的影响。方法已用于试样分析。     

亚稳态能量转移发射光谱法测定锌的研究

本文提出了一种测定锌的亚稳态能量转移发射光谱法。以氮气为工作气体,利用微波放电产生活化氮余辉,采用电热蒸发微量进样装置进样。考察了各实验参数对测定锌的影响,在472.2nm处测定锌,检出限为2.3ng。对实际样品中锌的测定取得了令人满意的结果。并讨论了氧对活化氮余辉的影响。     

Atomic emission spectroscopy for the on-line monitoring of incineration processes

A diagnostic measurement system based on atomic emission spectroscopy has been developed for the purpose of on-line monitoring of hazardous elements in industrial combustion gases. The aim was to construct a setup with a high durability for rough and variable experimental conditions, e.g. a strongly fluctuating gas composition, a high gas temperature and the presence of fly ash and corrosive effluents. Since the setup is primarily intended for the analysis of combustion gases with extremely high concentrations of pollutants, not much effort has been made to achieve low detection limits. It was found that an inductively coupled argon plasma was too sensitive to molecular gas introduction. Therefore, a microwave induced plasma torch, compromising both the demands of a high durability and an effective evaporation and excitation of the analyte was used as excitation source. The analysis system has been installed at an industrial hazardous waste incinerator and successfully tested on combustion gases present above the incineration process. Abundant elements as zinc, lead and sodium could be easily monitored.