KNO3／Al2O3和K2CO3／Al2O3的强碱性研究

采用ＣＯ２－ＴＰＤ及Ｈａｍｍｅｔｔ批示剂法测定了ＫＮＯ３／Ａｌ２Ｏ３及Ｋ２ＣＯ３／Ａｌ２Ｏ３样品的碱量和碱强度。当ＫＮＯ３，Ｋ２ＣＯ３的负载量低于其单层分散阈值时，能在ＡｌＯ３均匀分布并产生强度为１８．４的强碱位；高于其单层分散阈值后则能生成强度为２７．０的超强碱位。     

类钠CrⅩⅣ-FmXC离子3s^2S1／2-3p^2P1／2，3／2的跃迁计算

用多组态HFR方法系统地计算了高剥离粪钠CrⅩⅣ-FmXC离子（Z=24-100）单电子组态的能级，相应谱线的跃迁波长，跃迁概率和振子强度，在已有实验的基础上，用自编的Fortran程序对HF计算的3p^2P1／2,3／2能级结果进行了最小二乘拟合计算，从而预测计算了CrⅩⅣ-FmXC离子3s^2S1／2-3p^2P1／2,3／2跃迁的谱线波长。计算结果与已有的实验值均符舍得很好，尤其是与最近测量的实验值相当一致：而与其他理论预测值也基本吻合。     

YCO／CeO2／LaAlO3夹层膜的界面研究

用俄歇电子能谱结合透射电子显微镜对磁控溅射法制备的ＹＢＣＯ／ＣｅＯ２／ＬａＡｌＯ３夹层膜中的元素在各层间的扩散行为进行了研究。结果表明，ＣｅＯ２作为一种缓冲层，能够阻挡住基底ＬａＡｌＯ３中元素向ＹＢＣＯ膜的扩散和ＹＢＣＯ膜中元素向基底的扩散，基本身向ＹＢＣＯ膜中的扩散也不多。ＴＥＭ的分析表明，ＣｅＯ２能保持完好的晶格结构，在其上能得到结构完整的高质量ＹＢＣＯ膜。     

La2／3—xYxCa1／3MnO3系统中Y掺杂效应研究

实验上探讨了Ｙ３＋离子掺杂对Ｌａ２／３－ｘＹｘＣａ１／３ＭｎＯ３（０＜ｘ＜０．２）单相样品的结构及其输运性质的影响．结果表明，随着Ｙ的掺杂，晶胞参数收缩，从顺磁性半导体到铁磁性金属的转变温度Ｔｃ明显降低，而巨磁阻效应却大大提高．为了探讨其物理起因，我们对Ｔｃ温度以上的导电机理通过定量分析电阻随温度的变化而得以研究，结果表明，载流子的迁移遵从跳跃方式而不是热激活形式，在此基础上对Ｙ掺杂作用进行了讨论．     

A Quantum Monte Carlo Study on Mixed-Spin Chains of 1／2-1／2-1-1 and 3／2-3／2-1-1

The ground-state and thermodynamic properties of quantum mixed-spin chains of 1/2-1/2-1-1 and 3/2-3/2-1-1 are investigated by a quantum Monte Carlo simulation with the loop-cluster algorithm. For 1/2-1/2-1-1 chain, we find it hastwo phases separated by an energy-gap vanishing point in the ground-state. For 3/2-3/2-1-1 chain,the numerical results show two energy-gap vanishing points isolated by different phases in its ground-state. Our calculations indicate that all these ground state phases can be understood by means of valence-bond-solid picture, and the thermodynamic behavior at finite temperatures is continuous as a function of parameter α=J2/J1.     

La2／3Ca1／3—xSrxMnO3系列锰氧化物材料的Rietveld结构分析

用固相反应法制备了La2/3Ca1/3-xSrxMnO3系列样品，利用Rietveld方法精修晶体结构，结果表明，当x≥0.15时，样品由正交结构（Pnma)转变为六方结构（R－3c)。本文详细介绍了Rietveld精修方法并分析了Sr^2 ,Ca^2 对材料结构的影响。     

（La2／3Ca1／3）（Mn（3—x）／3Gax／3）O3体系巨磁电阻效应和电特性的研究

采用固态反应法制备了（Ｌａ２／３Ｃａ１／３）（Ｍｎ（３－ｘ）／３Ｇａｘ／３）Ｏ３（ｘ＝０．００，０．１０，０．１５，０．２０，０．３０）体系的系列样品。通过系统地测量其零场和１．６特斯拉（Ｔ）磁场下样品的电阻率－温度关系以及一定温度下磁电阻率与磁场的关系，发现随Ｇａ＾３＋替代量的增加其磁电阻率峰和电阻率峰均向低温方向移动，磁电阻率峰值增大，并伴生磁电阻率峰展宽效应。作者认为，上述结果是由于Ｇａ＾３     

Y稳定的ZrO2基体上YBa2Cu3O7／SrTiO3／YBa2Cu3O7异质外延三层…

采用磁控溅射方法在（１００）ＹＳＺ基底上沉积了ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７／ＳｒＴｉＯ３／ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７异质外延三层膜。利用交流磁化率和四引线电阻测量的方法确定了三层膜的超导性能，利用Ｘ射线衍射和透射电子显微镜研究了三层膜的结构特征。研究结果表明，膜层的结晶质量较好，临界转变温度Ｔｃ在８３．５Ｋ和８６．７Ｋ之间。ＹＢＣＯ膜层中的绝大多数甚至全部）晶粒为ｃ取向，在有些膜中只存在少量的ａ或ｂ取向的ＹＢＣＯ晶     

Simulation of Anisotropic Resistivity for Mixed-Phase Manganite La2／3Ca1／3MnO3 Thin Films

We utilize the random network model based on phase separation scenario to simulate the conductive behaviour and anisotropic characteristics of resistivity for La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 (LCMO) thin films. The simulated results agree well with our experimental data, showing a metal-to-insulator transition from a high-T paramagnetic (PM) insulating phase to a low-T ferromagnetic (FM) metallic phase in both the untilted film deposited on a (001) SrTiO3 (STO) substrate and the tilted film grown on a vicinal cut STO substrate. It is found that the resistivity of the tilted sample is higher than that of the untilted one, displaying prominent anisotropic characteristics. The studies reveal that the tilting not only decreases the conduction of the FM domains, but also increases the activation energy of the PM regions, inducing the enhancement of resistivity. All those results suggest that the intrinsic inhomogeneity in the phase separation system plays a significant role in the electrical conductivity and the resistive anisotropy is related to the structure of the crystal lattice.     

Anomalous magnetostrictive effects in （La1—xTbx）2／3Sr1／3 MnO3

A series of (La_{1-x}Tb_x)_{2/3}Sr_{1/3}MnO_3 polycrystalline samples has been studied by means of x-ray diffraction, magnetostriction, and thermal expansion measurements. It has been found that this series undergoes a phase transition from a rhombohedral to an orthorhombic form at the doping level x≈0.20 at room temperature accompanied by an anisotropic magnetostriction up to －50×10^{-6} under a magnetic field of 1T. The linear and volume magnetostrictions vary with chemical composition, even change sign. At T=80K, the magnetostrictions for the samples of x=0.20 and 0.40 exhibit different behaviours. The sample of x=0.20 has positive volume and linear magnetostrictions and a negative anisotropic magnetostriction, while the sample of x=0.40 has an opposite behaviour. The magnitude of volume magnetostriction for both the samples is essential (～10^{-4}) at T=80K under a magnetic field of 4T. We conclude that these anomalous effects are due to the charge delocalization and the structural phase transition between orthorhombic and rhombohedral forms induced by the applied magnetic field.     

Oscillation conditions of cw simultaneous dual-wavelength Nd：YAG laser for transitions 4F3／2-4I9／2 and 4F3／2-4I11／2

The operating condition of a cw simultaneous dual-wavelength Nd:YAG laser for both {}^4F_{3/2}-{}^4I_{9/2} (quasi-three-level system) and {}^4F_{3/2}-{}^4I_{11/2}(four-level system) transitions is studied. According to this condition, the cw simultaneous dual-wavelength at 1.06μm and 946 nm in Nd:YAG crystal has been realized experimentally through an adaptive coating design of the cavity mirrors. A total power output of 2.5W of the dual-wavelength at 946nm and 1.06μm has been achieved with an optical conversion efficiency 14.3%. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.     

Al2O3／MgO／C复合微粒子光学散射截面的计算

本文用米氏方法导出了三种组分构成的均匀球形复合微粒子光学散射截面的计算公式，并计算了复合微粒子Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＭｇＯ／Ｃ在特定红外光波波长下的光学散射截面。给出了复合微粒子中不同组分的介质层厚度与散射截面的关系曲线，最后对结果作了简单讨论。     

溶胶—凝胶法制备CH3SiO3／2—SiO2孤立膜

采用溶胶凝胶法,以２０％正硅酸乙酯／８０％甲基三乙氧基硅烷为先驱体,通过控制溶胶过程及选择合适的成膜参数,并以一种疏不性膜为可分离载体,制备得到了大尺寸的,厚度可达５０￣１０００μｍ的无支撑孤立膜。研究了制膜过程中正硅酸乙酯对抑制结晶沉淀及成膜行为的影响。采用ＡＦＭ观察了膜的表面形貌,采用ＸＲＤ对结晶沉淀进行了结构分析。     

La_（2／3）Ca_（1／3）MnOz薄膜中的巨磁阻效应

采用直流磁控溅射法在ＺｒＯ２（１００）衬底上首次成功地制备了Ｌａ２／３Ｃａ１／３ＭｎＯｚ薄膜，Ｘ－射线衍射结果表明该膜具有良好的（１００）择优取向，并首次观察到十分明显的巨磁阻效应，在６个特斯拉磁场下，室温时的磁阻比为６％，而７８度Ｋ时竟高达２５００％，文中还对磁阻比的磁场关系作了简单的讨论。     

Ni／Al2O3催化剂上CH4／CO2重整反应积碳的研究

采用Ｘ光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）和脉冲反应技术考察了９７３Ｋ下经不同方法处理后的Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂表面的积碳，单独用ＣＨ４或ＣＯ处理后的催化剂在２８３．６ｅＶ左右出现了一个新的Ｃｌｓ峰，可归属为金属碳化物，对ＣＨ４，ＣＯ处理过的催化剂用ＣＯ２处理后发现，结合能约为２８３．６ｅＶ的Ｃｌｓ峰强度明显降低，但由ＣＯ处理的催化剂的积碳的活性不如由甲烷生成的积碳活性好，ＣＯ歧化反应可能是导致镍催化剂失活的主要     

共沉淀法制备纳米多晶La2／3Sr1／3MnO3及其低场磁电阻性质

利用共沉淀法制备了纳米多晶La2/3Sr1/3MnO3粉体,并研究了相应烧结陶瓷的相结构、显微形貌、电性质以及磁电阻效应.样品中存在高密的晶界,对电子的疏运过程产生明显的散射作用,从而使得样品具有较大的电阻值,并且只有当烧结温度大于800℃时才出现金属绝缘体温度相变.样品的磁电阻是低场磁电阻效应,源于晶界处电子的自旋极化隧穿.烧结温度越低的样品,其磁电阻越大.     

p=2U／3V系统的态函数形式

给出了压强ｐ、内能Ｕ和体积Ｖ满足ｐ＝２Ｕ／３Ｖ的系统的态函数形式。并据此讨论了理想 玻色气体、理想费米气体和通常的理想气体的状太民方程不同的热力学原因。