基于Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/聚酰亚胺复合材料的分散固相萃取-液相色谱法测定尿液中儿茶酚胺类神经递质北大核心CSCD

研究通过一种快速、简便的方法制备了聚酰亚胺功能化的二维碳化钛复合材料Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),并用作分散固相萃取吸附剂,结合液相色谱-荧光分析方法对尿液样品中痕量儿茶酚胺类神经递质(CAs)进行分离和分析。利用多种手段对Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/聚酰亚胺的形貌、性质等进行了表征,并详细考察了萃取参数对Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/聚酰亚胺萃取儿茶酚胺类神经递质的萃取性能的影响,结果表明,该复合材料可以通过静电、π-π和氢键作用有效富集目标化合物。最佳萃取条件如下:吸附剂用量为20 mg、样品pH为8.0、吸附时间和脱附时间分别为10 min和15 min、解吸溶剂为醋酸-乙腈-水(5∶47.5∶47.5,v/v/v)。将Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/聚酰亚胺用作分散固相萃取吸附剂与HPLC-FLD联用,建立了一种尿液中CAs的灵敏检测方法,实现了4种CAs物质的定量分析。在最优的条件下,该方法中去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素、多巴胺和异丙肾上腺素的线性范围为1~250 ng/mL,相关系数(r^(2))均大于0.99,检出限LOD(S/N=3)在0.20~0.32 ng/mL之间,定量限LOQ(S/N=10)在0.7~1.0 ng/mL之间,日内精密度相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.7%~1.09%之间,日间精密度相对标准偏差(RSD)在1.73%~4.24%之间,在实际样品中的加标回收率在82.50%~96.85%之间,精密度RSD的范围在2.47%~9.96%之间。基于Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/聚酰亚胺的分散固相萃取-液相色谱法具有萃取速度快、灵敏度高等特点,可以成功用于尿液中CAs的检测分析。     

太赫兹场致液晶双折射效应的研究

液晶材料是信息显示设备中的重要组成部分,其在外场作用下所表现的高双折射特性是其被用于显示的关键条件。利用强太赫兹波作为外场,激发液晶5CB材料的双折射效应。结合太赫兹时域光谱系统通过测量不同偏振的太赫兹波的透过率,研究了太赫兹场致液晶在太赫兹波段的双折射效应。分析了液晶的双折射效应与外场强的变化关系、频率响应特性等方面。研究结果表明在强场太赫兹波激发下,液晶的双折射现象随场强的增大而增大,双折射值与外部场强平方成正比,且液晶5CB对于太赫兹激发的双折射效应存在一定的阈值。     

水沙流中离散颗粒流动应力关系

在已有的基于膨胀体模型、动理论模型和连续介质理论得到的关系式基础上,分析了水沙流中颗粒流动的应力关系应由摩擦应力、滑动应力和碰撞应力3部分组成,并将颗粒弹性恢复系数引入,对颗粒碰撞项进行了修正。根据颗粒碰撞时间间隔T_c和颗粒弛豫时间T_e的对比,提出了颗粒流动进入碰撞惯性区的临界值,即当T_c/T_e<0.02时,水沙流中颗粒流动碰撞作用占优,可忽略摩擦应力和滑动应力,并将提出的临界值与实验资料进行了比较。利用修正后的水沙流中颗粒流动应力关系,对缓槽水沙流动进行了模拟计算,获得了与实测资料一致的结果。     

Real-time and label-free detection of biomolecular interactions by oblique-incidence reflectivity difference method

We successfully conduct the label-free and real-time detection of the interactions between epoxy groups and rabbit IgG and 5' CTT CAG GTC ATG AGC CTG AT 3' oligonucleotide, and between the hybridization of 5' CTT CAG GTC ATG AGC CTG AT 3' and its complementary 3' GAA GTC CAG TAC TCG GAC TA 5' oligonucleotide, by the oblique-incidence reflectivity difference (OI-RD) method. The dynamic curves of OI-RD signals, corresponding to the kinetic processes of biomolecular combination or hybridization, are acquired. In our case, the combination of epoxy groups with rabbit IgG and 5' CTT CAG GTC ATG AGC CTG AT 3' oligonucleotide need almost one and a half hours and about two hundred seconds, respectively; and the hybridization of the two oligonucleotides needs about five hundred seconds. The experimental results show that the OI-RD is a promising method for the real-time and label-free detection of biomolecular interactions.     

Simple and universal method in designs of high-efficiency diffractive optical elements for spectrum separation and beam concentration

Diffractive optical elements(DOEs) with spectrum separation and beam concentration(SSBC) functions have important applications in solar cell systems. With the SSBC DOEs, the sunlight radiation is divided into several wave bands so as to be effectively absorbed by photovoltaic materials with different band gaps. A new method is proposed for designing high-efficiency SSBC DOEs, which is physically simple, numerically fast, and universally applicable. The SSBC DOEs are designed by the new design method, and their performances are analyzed by the Fresnel diffraction integral method.The new design method takes two advantages over the previous design method. Firstly, the optical focusing efficiency is heightened by up to 10%. Secondly, focal positions of all the designed wavelengths can be designated arbitrarily and independently. It is believed that the designed SSBC DOEs should have practical applications to solar cell systems.     

飞秒激光泵浦-探测热反射系统的建立与调试

建立了用来研究超快传热现象的飞秒激光泵浦-探测热反射系统.利用该系统测量并得到了在140fs(飞秒)超短脉冲激光加热下, 50 nm金膜的非平衡电子温升引起的反射信号随时间的变化曲线.由于加热光单脉冲能量密度只有5×10-3mJ/cm2,估算最高温升在10 K以内,这有效地减小了由丁物性参数随温度变化而引起的洪差.论文介绍了在系统的调试过程中,各种因素对实验结果的影响,并对实验结果及数据处理方法进行了讨论.     

超声速后台阶流动/射流相互作用的数值模拟

采用高精度格式求解二维Navier-Stokes方程研究超声速射流与同向超声速后台阶流动相互作用的流场基本结构及规律,分别应用5阶WENO格式、6阶中心差分格式离散对流项和黏性项,时间推进采用3阶Runge-Kutta格式,并应用消息传递接口（message passing interface,MPI）非阻塞式通信实现并行化.分别研究了超声速后台阶流动、超声速射流的基本结构特征,以此讨论和分析超声速后台阶流动/射流相互作用的特征,以及不同来流条件对波系结构、涡结构、剪切层、膨胀扇等的影响,尤其是来流剪切层和射流剪切层的相互作用,形成复杂的波系结构及相互干扰的流动现象.      

在GaAs-Al矩形光栅界面上表面增强二次谐波产生

我们以GaAs-Al矩形光栅界面为例具体推导了二次谐波产生的公式.依据Bloembergen和Pershan关于非线性介质的理论,用微扰论方法求解了麦克斯韦方程.理论公式和数值计算均表明,表面增强二次谐波起源于共振激励表面电磁波.     

Co:BaTiO3纳米复合薄膜的制备及其结构

用脉冲激光沉积技术(PLD)在MgO(100)基底上生长了嵌埋Co纳米晶的BaTiO3复合薄膜. 分别利用x射线衍射(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)以及拉曼光谱(Raman)对薄膜的微观结构、表面 形貌进行了表征. 结果表明该薄膜为c轴取向的四方晶体结构，薄膜表面均匀、致密、 具有原子尺度的光滑性，其均方根表面粗糙度(RMS)达到015nmCo以纳米晶形式嵌埋BaTi O3基体中，呈单分散性均匀分布，其粒径随激光脉冲数的增加而增大. Co：BaTiO3纳米 复合薄膜拉曼峰的强度随钴纳米晶粒径的增加明显减弱，但是峰的宽度逐渐增加. 关键词： Co：BaTiO3 纳米复合薄膜 脉冲激光沉积     

Formation of Interfacial Layers in LaAlO3/Silicon during Film Deposition

We have studied the interracial reactions between amorphous LaAlO3 thin films and Si substrates, using high- resolution transmission electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It has been shown that the interracial layer between LaAlO3 film and Si substrate chemical states show that the ratio of La 4d3/2 to Al 2p is SiLaxAlyOz. The depth distributions of La, Si and Al of the interfacial layer remains unchanged with the depth compared to that of the LaAlO3 film. Moreover, the Si content, in the interracial layer gradually decreases with increasing thickness of the interracial layer. These results strongly suggest that the Al element is not deficient in the interracial layer, as previously believed, and the formation of a SiLaxAlyOz interracial layer is mainly due to the diffusion of Si from the substrate during the LaAlO3 film deposition. With the understanding of the interracial layer formation, ones can control the interface characteristics to ensure the desired performances of devices using high-k oxides as gate dielectrics.