荷移反应及其在分析化学中的应用：（四）双氢氯噻嗪测定方法研究

本文研究了双氢氯噻嗪与四氯苯醌之间的荷移反应.结果表明:在碱性水醇介质中双氢氯噻嗪与四氯苯醌形成1:1络合物,其λ_(max)=335nm,摩尔吸光系数ε=3.65×10~4L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),相对标准偏差为1.2％(n=10)。应用拟定的方法测定药物制剂含量与药典方法一致。回收率在95％以上。     

荷移反应-紫外分光光度法测定尿酸

本文采用紫外分光光度法研究了尿酸与四氰乙烯之间的荷移反应。尿酸与四氰乙烯可以形成淡绿色的荷移配合物,其配合比为1∶2。在测定波长395 nm处,该配合物的表观摩尔吸光系数ε=6.24×104L.mol-1.cm-1,方法线性范围为5.7×10-7~5.7×10-6mol.L-1。应用本法测定了人体代谢物中尿酸的含量,回收率为96.4%~110.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.98%(n=7)。     

磺胺胍与四氯苯醌的荷移反应

研究了磺胺胍与四氯苯醌之间的荷移反应。在碳酸钠 碳酸氢钠缓冲溶液中磺胺胍与四氯苯醌能形成淡紫色荷移配合物。配合物的最大吸收波长为540nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为2.45×103L·mol-1·cm-1,线性范围为0～50mg·L-1,其配合比为1∶2。应用拟定的方法测定磺胺胍制剂的含量,平均回收率为99.5%,RSD为0.38%(n=6),可用于实际样品的分析。     

高锰酸钾-甲醛-尿酸化学发光体系的研究

在甲醛存在下,高锰酸钾与尿酸能够发生化学发光反应,产生很强的化学发光。据此采用流动注射技术,建立了一种利用高锰酸钾甲醛尿酸化学发光体系测定尿酸的化学发光分析法。方法的检出限为6×10-6 g/L;相对标准偏差为1. 8% (4. 0×10-4 g/L尿酸,n=11 );线性范围为2. 0×10-5 ~5. 0×10-3g/L。本法用于人体尿液中尿酸的测定,结果令人满意。并探讨了反应机理。     

表面活性剂增稳荷移光度法测定头孢拉定

采用分光光度法研究了头孢拉定与四氯苯醌的荷移反应。以正丙醇为介质,于pH 9.00的硼砂缓冲液中,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠为增稳剂,四氯苯醌和头孢拉定形成1∶1型稳定的荷移络合物,最大吸收波长在363 nm处,线性范围为1.8×10-6~2.0×10-8mol/L,检出限为9.6×10-9mol/L。方法用于药物制剂中头孢拉定含量的测定,平均回收率为98%。     

司帕沙星与茜素红荷移反应的研究

采用紫外分光光度法研究了π电子受体茜素红与电子给予体司帕沙星的荷移反应。确定了反应条件,建立了一种快速简便灵敏准确测定司帕沙星的荷移分光光度法。结果表明,司帕沙星与茜素红在(4+6)乙醇-水介质中,室温条件下即可形成1∶1稳定的荷移络合物,该络合物的最大吸收波长为530 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为4.8×103L.mol-1.cm-1,司帕沙星药物质量浓度在6~160mg/L范围内服从比尔定律,r=0.9991。当该法用于片剂中司帕沙星的测定时,回收率为99.75%~100.00%,相对标准偏差为1.4%(n=10)。     

胶束增稳荷移反应紫外分光光度法测定洛美沙星

提出了一种基于胶束增稳荷移反应测定洛美沙星的紫外分光光光度法 ,研究了在阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基吡啶 (CPB)胶束体系中电子给体洛美沙星与电子受体四氯对苯醌之间的荷移反应产物的紫外光谱性质。发现CPB对洛美沙星与四氯对苯醌的荷移反应络合物有显著的增稳效应。洛美沙星的浓度在0 .8～ 5 4mg L范围内符合比尔定律 ,r =0 .9994。在测定波长 32 3nm处 ,络合物的表观摩尔吸光系数为 3.5 6×10 - 4L·mol- 1 ·cm- 1 。本方法用于片剂中洛美沙星含量的测定 ,其回收率为 97.8%～ 10 0 .5 % ,相对标准偏差为0 .9%～ 2 .4 %。     

四氯苯醌与磺胺类药物荷移反应的研究

研究了电子接受体:四氯苯醌(TCBQ)与电子给予体:磺胺嘧啶(SD)、磺胺二甲嘧啶(SM_2)和磺胺甲基异(口恶)唑(SMZ)之间荷移反应的条件、机理和3种荷移络合物的稳定常数及摩尔吸光系数.用拟定的方法测定磺胺嘧啶片剂中SD和复方新诺明片剂中SMZ的含量,结果令人满意.2 实验部分2.1 仪器与试剂751-G分光光度计(上海分析仪器厂)、722型分光光度计(上海第三分析仪器厂)、电恒温水浴(重庆试验设备厂)、酸度计(萧山市科学仪器设备厂).3.6×10~(-3)mol/L、7.2×10~(-4)mol/L SD、SM_2、SMZ标准溶液,3.0×10~(-3)mol/L TCBQ乙醇溶液,0.1mol/L硼砂缓冲溶液(pH=9.0).2.2 实验方法 取适量试样溶液(SD≤20 mg/L、SM_2≤52 mg/L、SMZ≤33 mg/L)于10 mL刻度比色管中,依次加入TCBQ试液(SD为2ml、SM_2和SMZ为1.4mL)和硼砂缓冲溶液(SD为5mL、SM_2和SMZ为4mL),用水稀释至刻度,摇匀后于50±2℃水浴中分别保温120min、60min和80min;取出冷至室温,以试剂空白为参比,用1cm比色皿于波长356nm和365nm处测定吸光度.     

化学发光法测定药物中的洛美沙星

利用洛美沙星对碱性luminol H2 O2 Cr3 + 化学发光体系有较强的抑制作用 ,建立了一种测定洛美沙星药物的新方法。线性范围为 5 .16× 10 -10 ～ 9.0 3× 10 -6mol/L ;平均回收率为 95 %～ 10 5 % ;检出限 (3δ)为 1.84× 10 -10 mol/L ;相对标准偏差为 0 .92 % (n =6 ,Cs =5 .16× 10 -10 mol/L)。用于胶囊、片剂和针剂中洛美沙星的测定 ,结果令人满意。     

艾司唑仑荷移反应及分析应用

采用紫外分光光度法研究了π电子受体四氯对苯醌 (TCBQ)与电子给予体艾司唑仑的荷移反应 ,结果表明 ,TCBQ与艾司唑仑在pH 8.2的BR缓冲溶液中能形成稳定的荷移反应络合物 ,吸光度显著增强。据此建立了测定艾司唑仑的简单、快速、准确和灵敏的方法。艾司唑仑浓度在 0 .2～ 3 .2mg/L范围内符合比尔定律。r=0 .9992。荷移络合物在 3 1 6nm处的表观摩尔吸光系数为 8.5× 1 0 4L·mol-1·cm-1。方法用于片剂中艾司唑仑含量的测定 ,其回收率为 99.2 %～ 99.7% ;相对标准偏差为 0 .7%～2 .1 %。     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物的合成及表征

三茂基镧系化合物和苯并三氮唑在四氢呋喃中反应,合成了7个未见文献报道的含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物,经元素分析、IR和MS测定,从有关数据推测了这类配合物的可能结构。