双激光脉冲打靶形成Gd等离子体的极紫外光谱辐射

高端芯片制造所需要的极紫外光刻技术位于我国当前面临35项"卡脖子"关键核心技术之首.高转换效率的极紫外光源是极紫外光刻系统的重要组成部分.本文通过采用双激光脉冲打靶技术实现较强的6.7 nm极紫外光输出.首先,理论计算Gd¹⁸⁺—Gd²⁷⁺离子最外层4d壳层的4p-4d和4d-4f能级之间跃迁、以及Gd¹⁴⁺—Gd¹⁷⁺离子最外层4f壳层的4d-4f能级之间跃迁对波长为6.7 nm附近极紫外光的贡献.其后开展实验研究,结果表明,随着双脉冲之间延时的逐渐增加,波长为6.7 nm附近的极紫外光辐射强度呈现先减弱、后增加、之后再减弱的变化趋势,在双脉冲延时为100 ns处产生的极紫外光辐射最强.并且,在延时为100 ns处产生的光谱效率最高,相比于单脉冲激光产生的光谱效率提升了33%.此外,发现双激光脉冲打靶技术可以有效地减弱等离子体的自吸收效应,获得的6.7 nm附近极紫外光谱宽度均小于单激光脉冲打靶的情形,且在脉冲延时为30 ns时刻所产生的光谱宽度最窄,约为单独主脉冲产生极紫外光谱宽度的1/3.同时...     

Synthesis of flower-like WS2 by chemical vapor deposition

Flower-like tungsten disulfide (WS₂) with a diameter of 5-10 μm is prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), Raman spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy are used to characterize its morphological and optical properties, and its growth mechanism is discussed. The key factors for the formation of flower-like WS₂ are determined. Firstly, the cooling process causes the generation of nucleation dislocations, and then the "leaf" growth of flower-like WS₂ is achieved by increasing the temperature.     

Rational Design of Two-Dimensional Magnetic Chromium Borides Based on First-Principles Calculation

Two-dimensional(2D) magnetic materials have been experimentally recognized recently,however,the Curie temperatures(TC) of known 2D systems are quite low.Generally,magnetic systems can be seen as constituent magnetic elements providing spins and the non-magnetic elements providing frameworks to host the magnetic elements.Short bond lengths between the magnetic and non-magnetic elements would be beneficial for strong magnetic interactions and thus high TC.Based on this,we propose to combine the magnetic element Cr and the non-magnetic element boron to design novel 2D magnetic systems.Using our self-developed software package IM2 ODE,we design a series of chromium-boride based 2D magnetic materials.Nine stable magnetic systems are identified.Among them,we find that CrB4-Ⅰ,CrB4-Ⅱ and CrBs-Ⅰ with common structural units [CrB8] are ferromagnetic metals with estimated TC of 270 K,120 K and 110 K,respectively.On the other hand,five CrB3 phases with structural units [Cr2B12] are antiferromagnetic metals.Additionally,we also find one antiferromagnetic semiconductor CrB2-Ⅰ.Our work may open new directions for identifying 2D magnetic systems with high TC.     

基于分块压缩感知理论的太赫兹波宽光束成像技术

提出了一种基于分块压缩感知理论的太赫兹波宽光束成像技术。模拟结果显示,该技术可以实现高分辨率、高质量的快速成像。采用连续太赫兹波CO_2气体激光器光源,基于宽光束矩阵调制采样,对不同物体进行了分块压缩感知成像,并与基于单像素随机采样的分块压缩感知方法进行了对比。结果表明,所提技术具有更高的成像稳定性,且其采样过程对不同成像物体的普适性更好。     

A reconfigurable terahertz polarization converter based on metal–graphene hybrid metasurface

A metal-graphene hybrid metasurface polarization converter is designed in this Letter.The unit cell of the hybrid metasurface is composed of a butterfly-shaped structure whose branches are connected by multi-layer graphene sheets.The proposed device can be reconfigured from linear-to-circular polarization to cross-polarization by changing the Fermi energy of graphene.The simulation results show that for three-layer graphene,the device acts as a linear-to-circular polarization converter when EF=0 eV and switches to a cross-polarization converter when EF=0.5 eV.Compared with single-layer graphene,the device with three-layer graphene can maintain the cross-polarization conversion performance under low Fermi energy.Furthermore,two equivalent circuits in the x and y directions are developed to understand the working mechanism of the device.     

高熵合金强韧化理论建模与模拟研究进展

高熵合金因其优异的性能受到广泛关注，如高强度、高硬度、高韧性、高耐磨、高耐辐照、高耐腐蚀、高电阻、高耐热等，有望应用于核能、航天航空等重要领域和重大装备。从高熵合金制备、组织结构以及性能表征等方面开展的实验研究表明其独特的性质依赖于高熵合金高熵效应、晶格畸变和扩散迟滞。在微观尺度以及宏观尺度, 理论模型和数值模拟为研究高熵合金微观机理和力学特性提供了一种方法。建立从高熵合金的微观结构与变形机理到宏观独特力学性能的联系是一个多尺度的科学问题。最近，基于实验观察结果，采用多尺度的理论与模拟方法（第一性原理、分子动力学、离散位错动力学、晶体塑性有限元、微结构依赖的理论模型），研究了高熵合金层错能、弹性模量、扩散系数以及相稳定性，揭示了高熵合金变形与强韧化机制。本文综述多尺度计算在高熵合金力学性能和变形行为方面的研究进展，并对高熵合金在原位变形实验、高通量技术以及机器学习方面的研究进行简要展望。     

过程中孕育思想 活动中促进理解——“指数函数及其性质”教学设计

一、教材分析普通高中课程标准实验教科书(人教A版)数学1中§2.1.2“指数函数及其性质”使学生系统地学习了函数概念及其表示、函数的基本性质,掌握了指数与指数幂的运算性质,以及研究函数的一般思路之后,学习的第一个重要的基本初等函数,是“基本初等函数(Ⅰ)”这一章的重要内容.学习了“指数函数及其性质”,学生可以进一步深化对函数概念的理解与认识,从而得到较系统的     

喷流冷却复合陶瓷薄片激光器的热特性仿真分析及实验研究

为分析喷流冷却复合陶瓷薄片激光器的热特性,设计用于冷却复合陶瓷薄片的喷流冷却系统.利用湍流换热理论和计算流体动力学仿真方法建立喷流冷却复合陶瓷薄片激光器的流固耦合热仿真模型,定义评价其冷却能力和冷却均匀性的定量参数.根据该仿真模型得到喷流冷却系统的最优设计参数,并进行实验验证.使用163孔喷板,流量为0.2kg/s,入口温度为20℃,在1200 W泵浦时获得359 W激光输出功率,并测得复合陶瓷薄片上表面的最高温度为92℃.激光输出功率与复合陶瓷薄片上表面温度均与泵浦功率呈近似正线性关系,且温度的实验值与仿真值相符度较高.