Some Properties of Smooth Convex Functions and Newton’s Method

Doklady Mathematics - New properties of convex infinitely differentiable functions related to extremal problems are established. It is shown that, in a neighborhood of the solution, even if the...     

Controlled Formation of β-Si3N4 on Native Oxidized Silicon Wafers in Ammonia Flow

Crystallography Reports - The formation of β-Si3N4 for subsequent growth of AlGaN and GaN heterostructures of silicon wafers has been studied. It is established that the native oxide layer...     

Assessment of Noise Exposure of Sawmill Workers in Southwest,Nigeria

Economic wood processing employs the use of industrial machines for cutting, shaping, milling, and sawing timber, thereby leading to the generation of high levels of noise. Published data from empirical studies have categorized noise as an environmental hazard of global significance. Furthermore, noise exposure limits for different industries and all the industrial machines available has not been formally established as it presently exists in developed nations around the world. Therefore, this study assessed the daily exposure of sawmills workers to noise in Southwestern Nigeria. Reconnaissance surveys were first carried out in Osun, Oyo, Ondo, Ekiti, Lagos, and Ogun States to select sawmills that were fully operational and fit for the study. Two fully functional sawmills in two cities of each State were eventually selected for data collection, making a total of 24 sawmills, while the Circular Machines (CM), Planer Machines (PM), and Band-saw Machines (BM) were the machines in each sawmill considered. Two machines each of CM, PM, and BM were considered in each sawmill, making a total of forty-eight (48) machines each of CM, PM, and BM. Sound data were collected between 7 am and 7 pm each day for six days (between Monday and Saturday) using Extech 407732 sound level meter and all stabilized measurements were taken three times at different intervals. The data collected were in three different periods: Machine No-work Period (NP_m), Machine Idle Period (IP_m), and Machine Working Period (WP_m). A two–way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was carried out at P < 0.05 to determine whether there is a significant difference in the sound level average before and after the break, for both the idle and working periods of the three machines considered. This was also done to determine whether there is a significant difference between the sound level average of the results collected during idle and working periods of the three machines. Noise Pollution Levels (L_np) ranged from 83.20 dB (PM) to 107.65 (BM) and 93.42 (CM and PM) – 116.00 (BM) respectively, while IP_m also gave the least noise pollution level of 95.79 dB and WP_m gave the highest level of 102.88 dB. The results revealed that all the machines’ L_np values in the working period are more than the 90 dB acceptable limit the recommendation value of 90 dB while 89.6% of CMs, 75% of PMs, and 89.6% of BM had their L_np above 90 dB in the idle period respectively. The minimum and the maximum noise dose levels for IP_m, WP_m and overall are 0.09 (BM) and 2.37 (CM), 0.50 (CM), and 4.77 (PM) and 0.69 (BM) and 6.64 (PM) respectively. The study found out that the fundamental contributing factors to the high noise levels in sawmills are poor machine maintenance, use of old and obsolete machines, poor housekeeping strategy, limited space, workers’ negligence, lack of PPE, and lack of occupational safety training. The study recommends that proper workplace practices such as use of personal protective equipment, new and modern machines, training, and occupational safety programmes be implemented in the considered sawmills.     

Effect of Mechanical Stress on the Splitting of Spin Sublevels in 4H-SiC

JETP Letters - The effect of static mechanical strain on the splitting of spin sublevels of color centers based on spin 3/2 silicon vacancies in silicon carbide at room temperature has been shown....     

Operator Interpolation and Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities in Euclidean Spaces

Ukrainian Mathematical Journal - We establish new criteria of compatibility for a linear system of equations (equivalent to the Kronecker–Capelli theorem) or inequalities (equivalent to the...     

Crystallographic Parameters of Special Grain Boundaries in Multicrystalline Silicon

Crystallography Reports - The orientation of grains and the special boundaries formed by them in multicrystalline silicon has been studied by electron backscattered diffraction. It is found that...     

Raman Scattering Study of Natural and Synthetic Compounds Containing Polyene Chains

Doklady Physics - The dependence of Raman spectra of the molecules containing polyene chains on the conjugation length, structure of side and end groups, and isomer type is analyzed theoretically.     

Transformation of the Microwave Resonance Properties of Metastructures with CdS and CdSe at One- and Two-Photon Excitation

JETP Letters - Photonically controlled metastructures containing resonant conducting dipole and chiral elements with CdS and CdSe in gaps have been proposed, implemented, and studied in a waveguide...     

Complexes of Nitrilotriacetic Acid with Amines. Molecular Structures of 2-Ammonioethanol Nitrilotriacetate and Bis{2-Ammonio-2-(Hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-Diol} Nitrilotriacetate

Crystallography Reports - Reactions of nitrilotriacetic acid with 2-aminoethanol, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, and 2,2'-(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylamine) afford the following salts...     

Application of Synchrotron Radiation to Analyze the Friction-Induced Structural and Phase Transformations of Chrome-Nickel Austenitic Steel

Russian Physics Journal -