双抗转基因烟草纯合系的选育及田间试验

为了将双抗转基因烟草推向实用,进行了双抗转基因烟草纯合系的选育。在试验田中利用人工攻毒进行了T1代植物的抗病毒特性的分离试验;在抗性良好的T1植株的后代T2代植物上进行了田间的病毒接种试验和转基因表达的分析,从中选育出双抗转基因烟草纯合系。又于试验田中,在这些纯合系后代T3代上验证了抗病毒特性的遗传稳定性。在转基因表达分析中,发现CMV外壳蛋白基因的表达在翻译水平上受到抑制。     

Introducing Bt Gene Into Maize With Ovary Injection

It is reported here that Bt toxin gene has been successfully transferred into maize inbred line by ovary injection for the first time both at home and abroad. One transgenic plant (To) has been confirmed by Southern blotting and PCR test, and 71 progenies (T1) from T0 have been obtained through self-pollination. Of these 71 progenies, seven plants demonstrated positive results in the PCR test; four were used to feed Asian corn borer, and certain effect of insect-resistance was observed. The experiments on the ovary injection in Hainan Province have also been repeated, thus providing new chance to the application of genetic engineering to the maize improvement.     

A Density Functional Theory Study on Electronic Structure and Second—order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Some Push—Pull Molecules

Time-dependent density-functional theory(TDDFT)has been applied to calculate the electronic structure and second-order nonlinear optical(NLO) properties of some organic molecules.The two-dimensional(2-D)charge transfer charateristics of calculated molecules were studied and compared with corresponding experimental results.All the theoretical results agree well with the measurement.For 2-D molecule with two-fold symmetry,the dominant charge transfer is off-diagonal,while for three-fold symmetry 2-D molecule,the dominant charge transfer is not only between branches and central group but also among branches.     

STUDY ON THE GENOME OF CAULIFLOWER MOSAIC VIRUS (XINJIANG ISOLATE)——RESTRICTION MAPPING OF VIRION AND CLONED VIRAL DNA

The genomie DNA of CaMV (Xinjiang isolate) was mapped on the virion DNA with anumber of restriction endonueleases by double digestions and partial digestions of one-end~(32)P-labelled fragments. It contained the unique sites of BglI, SalI and XhoI. BamHI andHhaI each cut it at two sites, EeoRI at five sites (three of which were located), Hpa Ⅱ atseven sites, BglⅡ at eight sites, and HaeⅢ at ten sites. The sites of all the enzymes usedabove, as well as HindⅢ which cut at ton sites were also mapped on the cloned CaMVDNA. Virion DNA and cloned viral DNA gave the same results in the number and locationof cleavage sites of the restriction enzymes tested on both DNAs. Like most of the otherisolates, CaMV-Xinjiang isolate has three single-stranded discontinuities. From the diges-tion patterns of SalI, XhoI, EcoRI and HhaI, it is concluded that the restriction map ofCaMV-XJ genome is closely related to that of BKMV isolate from East Germany.     

云南松松塔中两种新木脂素圆二色谱的密度泛函研究

采用梯度校正的密度泛函理论方法,计算了云南松松塔中分离的2种新木脂素的绝对结构为7S,8R的手性结构、电子吸收光谱、电子圆二色谱、红外振动光谱和振动圆二色谱,计算值与实验值相符. 分子轨道和振动模式分析,两种新木质素具有相似的手性光谱. 电荷密度转移对电子圆二色谱具有主要贡献;而振动圆二色谱主要源于分子骨架运动.     

过渡金属体系非线性光学性质计算的ECP基组研究

有效核势(ECP)方法是计算含有过渡金属体系的电子结构及物理性质的有效方法. 本文比较了一系列典型的ECP基组对计算含过渡金属体系非线性光学性质精度的影响. 分别在HF, MP2和DFT理论水平上对过渡金属元素使用不同的ECP基组, 计算了几个过渡金属有机化合物的静态一阶超极化率β₀. 研究结果表明: 使用有效核势计算含过渡金属体系时, 核电子的选取是提高计算精度的前提, ns和np电子应该和nd电子一同作为价电子处理; 对于重原子, 必须考虑自旋-轨道耦合相对论效应. 经过综合评估, 认为使用Stuttgart/Dresden赝势的ECP基组, MHF, 在计算含有过渡金属体系非线性光学性质方面是比较好的基组; Stuttgart RSC 1997和SBKJC VDZ相对而言是较好的基组; 基组Lanl2dz, Hay-Wadt MB (n＋1)和Hay-Wadt VDZ (n＋1)由于没有考虑自旋-轨道耦合, 计算精确度次之; 而基组CRENBL和CRENBS计算的偏差要大一些, 尤其是CRENBS基组由于价电子选择得太少而导致与实验值的偏差最大.     

马铃薯Y病毒基因组3′-端区域的克隆和序列分析

以马铃薯Y病毒(PVY,中国分离株)基因组RNA的cDNA为模板,我们用聚合酶连锁反应(PCR)合成了完整的外壳蛋白(CP)基因及部分3′末端非编码区序列。在5′-引物Y5中引入了限制性酶NcoI位点及起始密码AUG,3′-引物Y3中引入了Sall位点。PCR产物经NcoI及Sall双酶切后克隆入pGEM衍生质粒,并测定了其中一个克隆pPCY6的CP基因的序列,以此克隆的CP基因片段作探针,从cDNA库中钓出相关的几个克隆,并测定了序列,由此我们获得了包含部分NIb基因,全部的CP基因及3′-非编码区共1317个碱基。序列分析表明,该株系CP基因核苷酸序列与0株系同源性(94.2％)较与N株系(89.6％)同源性稍高,但氨基酸序列的同源性差别不大(分别为93.3％及91.8％)。目前我们已将该基因克隆入双元载体pBI121.1,并通过脓杆菌转化马铃薯,以期得到抗PVY的马铃薯工程株。     

芜菁花叶病毒外壳蛋白基因的克隆及其植物表达载体的构建

从感病的萝卜叶片中得到芜菁花叶病毒(TuMV)的分离物,以oligo(dT)为引物,合成了其基因组RNA的互补DNA,并克隆到载体λ-ZAPⅡ中。通过单链cDNA探针杂交和DNA末端序列分析找出含有poly-A尾巴的阳性克隆。我们对一个含有1429个碱基插入片断的克隆进行了序列分析,根据芜菁花叶病毒外壳蛋白分子量的大小和马铃薯Y病毒组蛋白质加工位点氨基酸序列的保守性,确定了外壳蛋白基因的5′末端。利用PCR方法对其5′末端进行改造,加进起始密码ATG和两个限制性内切酶位点。通过基因重组操作,将该基因插入到双元载体pBI121的衍生物pBIN437中,得到芜菁花叶病毒外壳蛋白基因的植物表达载体。     

VIRUS RESISTANCE OF TRANSGENIC TOBACCO PLANTS EXPRESSING TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS COAT PROTEIN GENE

An intermediate expressing vector carrying the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV, Chinese common strain) coat protein (CP) gene was constructed by recombinant DNA techniques. The TMV-CP gene was transferred into the tobacco genome via Ti plasmid and a large number of regenerated plants, including both systemic and local lesion hosts for TMV, were obtained. Southern blot analysis revealed that 1-5 copies of the CP gene were integrated into the tobacco genome. RNA and protein analysis demonstrated that the TMV-CP gene was correctly expressed in the transgenic plants. The abundance of TMV-CP mRNA in total leaf RNA accounted for 0.005-0.01%, while the amount of coat proteins reached 0.05-0.2% of the total leaf soluble proteins. Virus challenge experiments showed that the symptom development of virus infection was markedly delayed and the replication as well as the spread of the virus was significantly inhibited in the transgenic plants expressing the TMV-CP gene. Three of these plants were completely protected afte     

花椰菜花叶病毒(新疆分离物)基因组的研究——病毒粒体DNA和克隆的病毒DNA的限制性内切酶图的测定

本文用混合酶解和一端以~(32)P标记的DNA的部分酶解测定了花椰菜花叶病毒新疆分离物(CaMV-XJ)基因组DNA的限制性内切酶图.它含有BglⅠ,SalⅠ,XhoⅠ的单一切点.BamHⅠ和HhaⅠ各有2个切点,EcoRⅠ有5个切点,HpaⅡ有7个切点,BglⅡ有8个切点,HaeⅢ有10个切点,HindⅢ有10个切点.在病毒粒体DNA和克隆的病毒DNA上这些酶的切点数目和位置是一样的.同其他大多数CaMV分离物一样,CaMV-XJ DNA上也有3个单链不连续区.从SalⅠ,XhoⅠ,EcoRⅠ,HhaⅠ的酶切情况看,CaMⅤ-XJ基因组的内切酶图谱与东德的CaMⅤ分离物BkMⅤ比较接近。