气相色谱-质谱-选择离子监测法测定漱口水中挥发性成分的含量

建立了Listerine漱口水中挥发性成分的GC-MS/SIM定量检测方法。采用HP-5MS 5 Phenyl-Methyl Siloxane(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 m)弹性石英毛细管柱,80℃~250℃程序升温,以联苯作为内标物,采用GC-MS的全扫描方式(Full Scan)和选择离子检测方式(SIM)对漱口水中桉叶油素、薄荷醇、水杨酸甲酯和麝香草酚进行定性和定量分析。桉叶油素、薄荷醇、水杨酸甲酯和麝香草酚线性范围分别为1.15~276μg/m L(r=0.9979),1.23~299.16μg/m L(r=0.9997),1.47~354μg/m L(r=0.9998),1.24~299.4μg/m L(r=0.9989);检出限(LOD)分别为12.4,12.4,11.5,14.8 ng/m L;平均回收率为92%~109%,RSD为4.1%~5.0%。     

Local thermal conductivity of polycrystalline AlN ceramics measured by scanning thermal microscopy and complementary scanning electron microscopy techniques

The local thermal conductivity of polycrystalline aluminum nitride (AlN) ceramics is measured and imaged by using a scanning thermal microscope (SThM) and complementary scanning electron microscope (SEM) based techniques at room temperature.The quantitative thermal conductivity for the AlN sample is gained by using a SThM with a spatial resolution of sub-micrometer scale through using the 3ω method.A thermal conductivity of 308 W/m·K within grains corresponding to that of high-purity single crystal AlN is obtained.The slight differences in thermal conduction between the adjacent grains are found to result from crystallographic misorientations,as demonstrated in the electron backscattered diffraction.A much lower thermal conductivity at the grain boundary is due to impurities and defects enriched in these sites,as indicated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.     

立方相Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2)TiO_3和K_(1/2)Bi_(1/2)TiO_3的电子结构和结构不稳定性的第一性原理比较研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法比较研究了Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3和K1/2Bi1/2TiO3的电子结构、离子位移势能面和Γ声子等性质.结果表明,Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3和K1/2Bi1/2TiO3的电子结构很相似,价带由O 2p电子态主导并包含部分Ti 3d和Bi 6p电子态,导带低能部分由Ti 3d空轨道构成;K取代Na后其Ti—O和Bi—O键的键强略有增加.两者的离子位移势能面也很接近,O离子的偏心位移对结构不稳定性起主导作用,且K取代Na后其作用增强.Γ声子都存在3个软模,分析表明软模主要来自O6基团的振动,K取代Na后A2u软模发生硬化.     

Ti-50.8at%Ni马氏体相变中的电磁特性

研究Ti-50.8at%Ni合金在马氏体-奥氏体相变温度附近的电磁性质.由M-H曲线分析了传导电子的顺磁性以及少量局域电子引起的铁磁性.在M-T曲线中，降温曲线在180K附近有突降，升温曲线在230K附近有突升.在电阻率测量中，降温和升温的ρ-T曲线也有类似的突变.升温过程的质量热容c_p曲线在230K附近出现了由奥氏体相变引起的跳跃.这些实验结果表明，样品的马氏体相变温度约 关键词： TiNi合金 电磁性质 马氏体-奥氏体相变 质量热容     

双抗转基因烟草纯合系的选育及田间试验

为了将双抗转基因烟草推向实用,进行了双抗转基因烟草纯合系的选育。在试验田中利用人工攻毒进行了T1代植物的抗病毒特性的分离试验;在抗性良好的T1植株的后代T2代植物上进行了田间的病毒接种试验和转基因表达的分析,从中选育出双抗转基因烟草纯合系。又于试验田中,在这些纯合系后代T3代上验证了抗病毒特性的遗传稳定性。在转基因表达分析中,发现CMV外壳蛋白基因的表达在翻译水平上受到抑制。     

Electronic and Optical Properties of KNbO3,NaNbO3 and K0.5 Na0.5 NbO3 in Paraelectric Cubic Phase：a Comparative First-principles Study

The structural,electronic and optical properties of KNbO 3 (KN),NaNbO3(NN)and K05 Na0.5NbO3(KNN) in paraelectric cubic phase were calculated employing the plane-wave pseudopotential method based on density functional theory (DFT).The calculated electronic structures of the three crystals show similar features in the valence bands and the lower conduction bands.However,the structures in higher conduction bands differ markedly due to the effect of Na and K atoms.The calculated optical properties reveal that the features of optical spectrum at low energy are dominated by the transitions from O2p valence bands to Nb 4d conduction bands and those at high energy are related to the transitions to K 4s4p and/or Na 3s3p states.Moreover,the optical constants of KNN are approximately the average of KN and NN at high energy.Therefore,the optical properties of KNN in high energy region can probably be altered by changing the ratio of Na/K.     

The electronic structures,Born effective charge tensors,and phonon properties of cubic,tetragonal,orthorhombic,and rhombohedral K0.5Na0.5NbO3： A first-principles comparative study

The electronic structures, Born effective charges（BECs）, and full phonon dispersions of cubic, tetragonal, orthorhombic, and rhombohedral K0.5Na0.5Nb O3 are investigated by the first principles method based on density functional theory.The hybridized states of Nb 4d and O 2p states are observed in the valence band, showing the formation of a strong Nb–O covalent bond which should be responsible for the displacement of Nb and O atoms. The abnormally large BECs of Nb and O indicate the possibility of phase instability induced by the off-center displacement of Nb and O atoms. The phonon dispersions reveal that the ferroelectric instability of K0.5Na0.5Nb O3 is dominated by Nb and O displacements with significant Na characteristics. In addition to the ferroelectric instability, there is also rotational instability coming from the oxygen octahedra rotation around one axis. Moreover, the Γ phonon properties of orthorhombic KNb O3, Na Nb O3, and K0.5Na0.5Nb O3 are also studied in detail.     

不同剂量芬太尼联合丙泊酚在逆行胆胰管造影术中麻醉效果的比较

近年来逆行胆胰管造影术（encoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography, ERCP）已成为临床诊断和治疗胆胰疾病的重要方法,但因患者术前多有焦虑,术中常出现恶心、呕吐及疼痛等不适或难以耐受长时间操作,给检查及治疗带来困难。因此,寻找一种安全可行的麻醉方法对提高患者耐受力、满足临床诊治需要具有重要意义。笔者在脑电双频指数（BIS）监测下比较不同剂量芬太尼联合丙泊酚静脉麻醉对行ERCP患者麻醉效果及呼吸的影响,寻找安全适宜的芬太尼剂量。     

关于连续复利计算模型的辩正

连续复利计算公式推导的基础是复利的分期计算公式,连续复利计算公式又是推导资金流现值计算公式的基础.连续复利计算公式最早出现在数学读物中的时间至少已有80年,现存在于国内外经济管理类许多数学教材中,在工科、文科类用的微积分和其它课程,例如,金融学、投资学、财务管理、技术经济学、工程经济学教材中也有讲述.然而,关于连续复利计算公式的推导和应用举例都是不对的.在连续复利计算公式基础上推导出的资金流现值公式也是不当的.复利分期计算、连续复利计算和资金流现值计算等应当有符合数学和经济规律的新公式.     

Local thermal conductivity of polycrystalline AlN ceramics measured by scanning thermal microscopy and complementary scanning electron microscopy techniques

The local thermal conductivity of polycrystalline aluminum nitride (AlN) ceramics is measured and imaged by using a scanning thermal microscope (SThM) and complementary scanning electron microscope (SEM) based techniques at room temperature. The quantitative thermal conductivity for the AlN sample is gained by using a SThM with a spatial resolution of sub-micrometer scale through using the 3ω method. A thermal conductivity of 308 W/m·K within grains corresponding to that of high-purity single crystal AlN is obtained. The slight differences in thermal conduction between the adjacent grains are found to result from crystallographic misorientations, as demonstrated in the electron backscattered diffraction. A much lower thermal conductivity at the grain boundary is due to impurities and defects enriched in these sites, as indicated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.