锰（Ⅲ）5,10,15-三（五氟苯基）-Corrole配合物的DFT计算

在6-31G*水平上采用DFT(UB3LYP)方法对锰(Ⅲ)5,10,15-三(五氟苯基)-corrole[(TPFC)MnⅢ]及其咪唑轴向配位加合物(TPFC)MnⅢ(Im)进行了几何结构全优化.计算结果表明,咪唑的配位作用不会改变其基态的高自旋(s=2)特性.(TPFC)MnⅢ与咪唑配位形成轴向加合物后,其中心金属Mn原子偏离平面结构,与corrole大环N4平均平面的距离达到0.02734 nm.NBO分析显示(TPFC)MnⅢ和(TPFc)MnⅢ(Im)中心金属锰的电子组态为(dxz)1(dyz)1(dz2)1(dx2-y2)1(dxy)0(TPFC)MnⅢ(Im)前线分子轨道能级明显上升,从其β-(LUMO+3)轨道可见咪唑配位N原子的py轨道与中心金属Mn原子撕道形成了d-pπ轨道.TD-DFT计算发现,(TPFC)MnⅢ和(TPFC)MnⅢ(Im)电子光谱Q带的"四轨"特征比B带明显;(TPFC)MnⅢ的CT带主要源自β-(HOMO-1)→β(LUMO+5)和β-HOMO→β-(LUMO+4)的跃迁,(TPFC)MnⅢ(Im)的CT带则主要源自β-(HOMO-1)→β-(LUMO+3)和β-HOMO→β-(LUMO+4)的跃迁.     

咔咯锰(III)与锰(V)-氧配合物与含氮配体的轴向配位性质

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)的BP86方法对含氮配体咪唑、甲基咪唑、异丙基咪唑和吡啶与5,10,15-三(五氟苯基)咔咯锰[(TPFC)MnIII]和5,10,15-三(五氟苯基)咔咯锰氧[(TPFC)MnVO]的轴向配位性质进行理论研究.计算结果表明配体能与五重态下的(TPFC)MnIII形成有效的轴向配位作用,结合能绝对值次序为:咪唑4-甲基咪唑吡啶,与实验结果一致.另外,结合能和轴向配位键长数据显示,这些配体不能与基态(单重态)或三重态(TPFC)MnVO中的MnV原子形成有效的轴向配位作用,自然键轨道(NBO)分析表明其MnV没有空的3d轨道来接受配体的孤对电子,但配体可与三重态下的(TPFC)MnVO形成弱的配位作用.     

咔咯锰(Ⅲ)与锰(V)-氧配合物与含氮配体的轴向配位性质

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)的BP86方法对含氮配体咪唑、甲基咪唑、异丙基咪唑和吡啶与5,10,15-三(五氟苯基)咔咯锰[(TPFC)Mn^Ⅲ]和5,10,15-三(五氟苯基)咔咯锰氧[(TPFC)Mn^VO]的轴向配位性质进行理论研究.计算结果表明配体能与五重态下的(TPFC)Mn^Ⅲ形成有效的轴向配位作用,结合能绝对值次序为：咪唑>4-甲基咪唑>吡啶,与实验结果一致. 另外,结合能和轴向配位键长数据显示,这些配体不能与基态(单重态)或三重态(TPFC)Mn^VO中的Mn^V原子形成有效的轴向配位作用,自然键轨道(NBO)分析表明其Mn^V没有空的3d 轨道来接受配体的孤对电子,但配体可与三重态下的(TPFC)Mn^VO形成弱的配位作用.     

Corrole锰-氧配合物的稳定性研究

对5,10,15-三(五氟苯基)-Corrole(tpfc)Mn(V)≡O配合物的稳定性进行了研究. 以二氯甲烷溶剂为参考,乙醇、正辛醇、乙醚、四氢呋喃、二甲基亚砜、甲苯能加速(tpfc)MnV≡O的衰减,而N’N二甲基甲酰胺、水、乙酸乙酯、丙酮能减缓(tpfc)MnV≡O的衰减. (tpfc)MnV≡O与盐酸、醋酸反应生成(tpfc)MnIV-Cl、(tpfc)MnIV-O2CCH3. (tpfc)MnIII能与咪唑、四甲基咪唑、吡啶形成1:1的配合物,轴向配位常数按Imidazole >4-Methylimidazole >Py顺次减弱,在这些轴向配体存在时,(tpfc)MnV≡O的稳定性显著降低. 轴向配体与(tpfc)MnIII的结合导致其MnIII/MnIV半波电位降低. XPS实验结果显示(tpfc)MnIII与轴向配体结合后,其中心金属锰的结合能Mn2p3/2减少,减少程度与轴向配体的给电子能力有关.     

两种4-氨基安替比林席夫碱-Pt(Ⅱ)配合物电子光谱性质的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT),在PBE0/6-31+G(d)-LANL2DZ水平下,对两种含有不同取代基的4-氨基安替比林席夫碱-Pt(Ⅱ)配合物A和B的几何构型、前线分子轨道及其分布特征进行理论计算.在优化构型的基础上,用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)在相同水平下对上述配合物进行电子吸收光谱研究.计算还考虑了二氯甲烷溶剂对电子结构和光谱性质的影响.结果表明,配合物A和B的最强吸收波长分别来自于HOMO→LUMO和HOMO-5→LUMO的跃迁,以上跃迁存在明显的分子内电荷转移的特征.此外,在4-氨基安替比林配体上引入强的给电子基团-N(CH3)2,配合物A的最大吸收波长相对于配合物B发生了红移现象.     

含轴向咪唑配体的手性SalenCo(Ⅲ)配合物ECD谱的理论解析

用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法,在B3LYP和混合基组(C,H原子用6-31G*;Co,N,O用6-311+G(2d,p))水平上,对含轴向配体的三种Co(Ⅲ)席夫碱配合物[Co(MeO-salen)(Im)2]+、[Co(MeO-salen)(2-Melm)2]*和[Co(MeO-salen)(Melm)2]+(Im=咪唑,Melm=1-甲基咪唑,2-Melm=2-甲基咪唑,MeO-salenH2=salen型席夫碱,即(R,R)-N,N'-双(5-甲氧基亚水杨基)-1,2-二亚胺基环己烷)在二氯甲烷溶液中的基态结构进行了优化,并用含时密度泛函理论(TDDFT)方法,在相同泛函和基组水平上计算了其激发能、振子强度和旋转强度.这些计算中均用极化连续介质模型(PCM)考虑了溶剂效应.计算的电子圆二色(ECD)谱与实验谱吻合较好.通过对有关跃迁性质的分析,对实验电子圆二色光谱进行了解析与指认.结果表明,长波区的第一个圆二色(CD)吸收带主要是由π→d荷移跃迁(LMCT)引起的,而不是通常认为的d→d跃迁.轴向配体的加入对配合物前两个CD吸收带的符号没有影响,但会影响带形和强度.手性salen配合物的绝对构型为λ(RR)时,第一个CD吸收带为正,第二个为负.这些结论对于深入理解该类配合物的电子结构和手征光学性质具有重要的科学意义.     

氮混杂金属卟啉吸收光谱性质的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-31+G(d)水平上研究了4种金属Mg, Ni, Cu, Zn配位的自由卟啉(FBP)及氮混杂卟啉(NECP)的几何结构及分子轨道能级. 采用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)方法计算了金属与2种卟啉配位后在气体条件下的电子吸收光谱, 包括激发能、 吸收波长、 跃迁组成和振子强度.计算结果表明, 与金属配位的FBP(M-FBP)具有D_4h对称性, 分子轨道能级HOMO/HOMO-1和LUMO/LUMO+1因能级相近发生简并, HOMO-LUMO轨道能级差大约3.0 eV, 在Soret带出现较强吸收峰.由于C/N原子位置的改变, 非对称性结构的M-NECP前线轨道组成发生改变, 轨道能级差(HOMO-LUMO)减小至2.6 eV左右, 且能级发生分裂, Soret带出现多个电子吸收谱峰, Q带也出现吸收峰. 本文研究了水、 氯仿和苯3种不同极性溶剂对M-FBP和M-NECP的分子轨道及电子吸收光谱的影响, 结果表明, 随溶剂极性减弱金属配合物的电子吸收光谱发生红移, 并且吸收峰强度增强.     

氯代(对位取代四苯基)卟啉铁(Ⅲ)的轴向配位反应热力学及光谱研究

本文对二氯甲烷溶剂中咪唑(Im)与氯代(对位取代四苯基)卟啉铁(Ⅲ)[Fe(p-X)TPPCl,X=Cl,H,CH_3,OCH_3]的轴向配位反应(1)进行了研究.用光谱法测得了反应(1)的平衡常数,并对反应物和产Fe(p-X)TPPCl+2Im(?)[Fe(p-X)TPPIm_2]+Cl~-物的电子光谱、FeHTPPCl和[FeHTPPIm_2]~+Cl~-的电子自旋共振谱和穆斯堡尔谱进行了测量。研究了取代基效应和轴向配体的影响。     

尾式金属卟啉配合物的研究(Ⅲ)──咪唑基尾式卟啉及其铁(Ⅲ)配合物的合成和性质

合成了咪唑基尾式卟啉──5-邻[4-(1-咪唑基)丁氧基]苯基-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉(o-ImBPTPP)及其铁(Ⅲ)配合物[Fe(Ⅲ)(o-ImBPTPP)Cl],以元素分析、质谱、¹HNMR、IR和紫外可见吸收光谱等进行了表征.初步研究了在氯仿和苯中某些含氮配体与铁(Ⅲ)配合物的轴向配位性质.结果表明,Fe(Ⅲ)(o-ImBPTPP)Cl通常与含氮配体生成低自旋的六配位加合物,但在苯溶液中与咪唑作用时,一定条件下还能生成稳定的高自旋五配位加合物.     

取代锰卟啉的轴向配位反应及平衡常数的测定

研究了4种具有不同取代基的锰卟啉在三氯甲烷溶剂中与咪唑(Im)、4-甲基咪唑(4-MeIm)、吡啶(Py)、4-甲基吡啶(4-MePy)等4种客体小分子的轴向配位反应,并采用微量紫外-可见光谱滴定法测定了反应的平衡常数。结果表明:每种锰卟啉均可以与咪唑及吡啶类客体分子发生轴向配位反应,轴向配合物的形成能力和稳定性与锰卟啉所含有的取代基有关,在β位上含有强吸电子硝基取代基的锰卟啉与客体分子能够形成更稳定的配合物;客体分子的性质对轴向配合物的形成也有显著的影响,锰卟啉与吡啶以物质的量之比为1∶1反应生成五元配位化合物;每一种锰卟啉与其他3种客体分子均以物质的量之比为1∶2反应生成六元配位化合物。客体的轴向配位反应能力由大到小依次为Im、4-MeIm、4-MePy、Py。     

Density functional theory calculations of selected Ru(II) two ring diimine complex dications

Geometry optimization for a series of ten, two-ring diimine Ru(II) complexes was effected using the Gaussian 98 protocol at density functional theory (DFT) B3LYP level with basis sets 3-21G*and 3-21G**. HOMO-LUMO energy difference values compared favorably to the experimental data from electrochemistry [Delta E(1/2) = (E(1/2ox) - E(1/2red))] and the lowest energy absorption maxima, which for these complexes correspond to the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) band. The HOMO and LUMO distributions from DFT support the idea that the lowest energy transitions are metal-to-ligand charge transfer and that the lowest energy LUMO for the mixed ligand complexes is located on 2,2'-bipyrazine (bpz), followed by 2,2'-bipyrimidine (bpm) and then 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy).     

Photoinduced charge transfer in short-distance ferrocenylsubphthalocyanine dyads

Two new ferrocenylsubphthalocyanine dyads with ferrocenylmethoxide (2) and ferrocenecarboxylate (3) substituents directly attached to the subphthalocyanine ligand via the axial position have been prepared and characterized using NMR, UV-vis, and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopies as well as X-ray crystallography. The redox properties of the ferrocenyl-containing dyads 2 and 3 were investigated using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) approach and compared to those of the parent subphthalocyanine 1. CV data reveal that the first reversible oxidation is ferrocene-centered, while the second oxidation and the first reduction are localized on the subphthalocyanine ligand. The electronic structures and nature of the optical bands observed in the UV-vis and MCD spectra of all target compounds were investigated by a density functional theory polarized continuum model (DFT-PCM) and time-dependent (TD)DFT-PCM approaches. It has been found that in both dyads the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) to HOMO-2 are ferrocene-centered molecular orbitals, while HOMO-3 as well as lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and LUMO+1 are localized on the subphthalocyanine ligand. TDDFT-PCM data on complexes 1-3 are consistent with the experimental observations, which indicate the dominance of π-π* transitions in the UV-vis spectra of 1-3. The excited-state dynamics of the dyads 2 and 3 were investigated using time-correlated single photon counting, which indicates that fluorescence quenching is more efficient in dyad 3 compared to dyad 2. These fluorescence lifetime measurements were interpreted on the basis of DFT-PCM calculations.     

Theoretical study on the absorption spectra of fac-Ir(ppy)3 in the amorphous phase of organic electro-luminescent devices

Absorption spectra in the amorphous phase consisting of Ir(ppy)₃ and 4,4-bis(carbazol-9-yl)-2,2-biphenyl (CBP) molecules were theoretically investigated. The equilibrium structures in amorphous phase were simulated by QM/MM MD calculations. The results of calculation suggest that eleven CBP molecules exist as the closest neighbors of Ir(ppy)₃. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations successfully reproduced the experimental absorption spectra. For Ir(ppy)₃ in the gas phase, the most important spectral peak at the wavelength of 400 nm can be assigned principally to the one-electron excitation from HOMO-1 to LUMO+2, where the main component of HOMO-1 is the d orbital of the Ir atom and that of LUMO+2 is the π* orbital of the ligands. When Ir(ppy)₃ strongly interacts with a CBP molecule, the π* orbital of the ligand is delocalized into the CBP molecule. This is the reason why the spectral peak at the wavelength of 400 nm almost disappears in the amorphous phase.     

Density functional theory/time-dependent DFT studies on the structures, trend in DNA-binding affinities, and spectral properties of complexes [Ru(bpy)2(p-R-pip)]2+ (R = -OH, -CH3, -H, -NO2)

Studies on the electronic structures and trend in DNA-binding affinities of a series of Ru(II) complexes [Ru(bpy)2(p-R-pip)]2+ (bpy = 2,2-bipyridine; pip = 2-phenylimidazo[4,5-f] [1,10]-phenanthroline; R = -OH, -CH3, -H, -NO2) 1-4 have been carried out, using the density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/LanL2DZ level. The electronic absorption spectra of these complexes were also investigated using time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) at the B3LYP//LanL2DZ/6-31G level. The computational results show that the substituents on the parent ligand (pip) have a significant effect on the electronic structures of the complexes, in particular, on the energies of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and near some unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMO+x, x = 1-4). With the increase in electron-withdrawing ability of the substituent in this series, the LUMO+x (x = 0-4) energies of the complexes are substantially reduced in order, for example, epsilon(LUMO)(1) approximately epsilon(LUMO)(2) > epsilon(LUMO)(3) > epsilon(LUMO)(4), whereas the pi-component populations of the LUMO+x (x = 0-4) are not substantially different. Combining the consideration of the bigger steric hindrance of complex 2, the trend in DNA-binding affinities (K(b)) of the complexes, that is, K(b)(2) < K(b)(1) < K(b)(3) < K(b)(4) can be reasonably explained. In addition, the experimental singlet metal-to-ligand charge transfer ((1)MLCT) spectra of these complexes can be well simulated and discussed by the TDDFT calculations.     

Electronic, optical, and charge transfer properties of donor–bridge–acceptor hydrazone sensitizers

The ground state geometries have been computed by using density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-31G*, B3LYP/6-31G**, and PCM-B3LYP/6-31G* level of theories. The highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) are delocalized on whole of the molecule and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) are localized on the tricarbonitrile. The lowest HOMO and LUMO energies have been observed for Dye1 while highest for Dye4. The LUMO energies of Dye1–Dye4 are above the conduction band of TiO₂ and HOMOs are below the redox couple. The absorption spectra have been computed in solvent (methanol) and without solvent by using time-dependant DFT at TD-B3LYP/6-31G*, TD-B3LYP/6-31G**, and PCM-TD-B3LYP/6-31G* level of theories. The calculated maximum absorption wavelengths of the spectra in methanol are in good agreement with experimental evidences. The maximum absorption wavelengths of new designed sensitizers are red shifted compared to parent molecule. The electronic coupling constant and electron injection have been computed by first principle investigations. The improved electronic coupling constant and electron injection revealed that new modeled systems would be efficient sensitizers.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure,Characterizationand Quantum Chemical Studies on 1N-Acetyl-3-（2,4-dichloro-5-fluorophenyl）-5-（p-methyl-phenyl）-2-pyrazoline

1N-Acetyl-3-（2,4-dichloro-5-fluoro-phenyl）-5-（p-methyl-phenyl）-2-pyrazoline has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Ab intio calculations have been carded out for the compound by using both B3LYP and HF methods at the 6-31G^＊ basis set. The calculated results show that the predicted geometry can well reproduce the structural parameters. The electronic absorption spectra calculated by B3LYP/6-31G^＊ method are approximate to the experiments and the Natural Bond Orbital （NBO） analyses suggest that the above electronic transitions are mainly assigned to n→π^＊ and π→π^＊ transitions. CIS-HF/6-31G^＊ method is not suitable to predict the electronic spectra for the title compound. The calculation of the second order optical nonlinearity was carded out, giving the value of molecular hyperpolarizability equal to 2.194^＋ 10^-30 esu. On the basis of vibrational analyses, the thermodynamic properties of the compound at different temperature have been calculated, revealing the correlation between C p, m^0, S m^0, H m^0 and temperature.     

Vibrational and electronic spectra of 9,10-dihydrobenzo(a)pyren-7(8H)-one and 7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo(a)pyrene: an experimental and computational study

The molecular geometries, vibrational and UV-vis spectra of 9,10-dihydrobenzo(a)pyrene-7(8H)-one (9,10-H(2)BaP) and 7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo(a)pyrene (7,8,9,10-H(4)BaP) were investigated using density functional theory (DFT-B3LYP), with the triple-ζ 6-311+G(d,p) and Dunning's cc-pVTZ basis sets. From the comparison of infrared experimental and calculated infrared, and Raman data comprehensive assignments are made. The calculated infrared frequencies below 1800 cm(-1) are in good agreement with experimental data, with an average deviation of <4 cm(-1). Using the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p)//TD-B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of theory, transition energies, and oscillator strengths of the 30 lowest electronic absorption bands are assigned to π-π* transitions, with good qualitative agreement between experimental and simulated absorption data. In addition, the HOMO-LUMO gaps and their chemical hardness were analyzed.     

(dpp-bian)Ga-Ga(dpp-bian)] and [(dpp-bian)Zn-Ga(dpp-bian)]: synthesis, molecular structures, and DFT studies of these novel bimetallic molecular compounds

1,2-Bis[(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino]acenaphthene) (dpp-bian) stabilizes gallium-gallium and zinc-gallium bonds (compounds 1-3). The compound [(dpp-bian)Ga-Ga(dpp-bian)] (2) was prepared by the reaction of GaCl3 with K3[dpp-bian] and the heterometallic [(dpp-bian)Zn-Ga(dpp-bian)] (3) was prepared by a simple one-pot reaction of [{(dpp-bian)ZnI}(2)] with GaCl3 and K4[dpp-bian]. In contrast to [(dpp-bian)Zn-Zn(dpp-bian)] (1) and 3, compound 2 is ESR silent, thus proving the dianionic character of both dpp-bian ligands. The solution ESR spectrum of 3 reveals the coupling of an unpaired electron with the gallium nuclei (69)Ga and (71)Ga (A((69)Ga)=0.97, A((71)Ga)=1.23 mT), thus confirming the presence of Zn-Ga bonds in solution. According to the results of the X-ray crystal structure analyses the metal-metal bond lengths in 2 (2.3598(3) A) and 3 (2.3531(8) A) are close to that found in 1 (2.3321(2) A). The electronic structures of compounds 2 and 3 were studied by DFT (B3 LYP/6-31G* level). The metal-metal pi bond in 2 is mainly formed by overlap of the p orbitals of Ga in the HOMO and HOMO-1, the latter showing a stronger interaction. The s and p orbitals of Ga overlap in the deeper located HOMO-17 producing a Ga-Ga sigma bond. In contrast to the Zn-Zn bond in 1, which has 95 % s character, the NBO (natural bond order) analysis of 2 reveals 67.8 % s, 32.0 % p, and 0.2 % d character for the Ga-Ga bond. Compound 3 has a doublet electronic ground state. The unpaired electron occupies the alpha HOMO-1 localized at the Zn-containing fragment. The Ga-Zn bond is mainly formed by overlap of the metal orbitals in the alpha HOMO-6 and beta HOMO-5. According to the results of the NBO analysis, the Zn wave functions are responsible for 28.7 % of the Zn-Ga bond, with 96.7 % s, 1.0 % p, and 2.3 % d character.     

DFT/TD-DFT molecular design of porphyrin analogues for use in dye-sensitized solar cells

Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations have been employed to model Zn meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) complexes having different beta-substituents, in order to design an efficient sensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cells. To calculate the excited states of the porphyrin analogues, at least the TD-B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory is needed to replicate the experimental absorption spectra. Solvation results were found to be invariant with respect to the type of model used (PCM vs. C-PCM). Most of the electronic transitions based on Gouterman's four-orbital model of ZnTPP-A and ZnTPP-B are pi --> pi* transitions, so that cell efficiency can be enhanced by increasing the pi-conjugation and electron-withdrawing capability of the beta-substituent. This proposition was tested by inserting thiophene into the beta-substituent of ZnTPP-A to form a new analogue, ZnTPP-C. Compared with ZnTPP-A and ZnTPP-B, ZnTPP-C has a smaller band gap, which brings LUMO closer to the conduction band of TiO(2), and a red-shifted absorption spectrum with higher extinction coefficients, especially in the Q-band position.