浊点萃取-流动注射电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法同时测定水中镉钴铜镍锌

本文提出了浊点萃取-流动注射电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（FI—ICP—AES）法同时测定水中镉、钴、铜、镍、锌的新方法。利用5-Br—PADAP将待测金属离子转化为水不溶性的螯合物，并萃取到表面活性剂Triton X-114的浓缩相，以乙醇-硝酸溶液稀释含富集离子的浓缩相，并以FI—ICP-AES法测定。考察了流动注射进样体积、积分时间、萃取体系介质酸度、螯合剂和表面活性剂用量等实验条件的影响。在折衷条件下，镉、钴、铜、镍和锌的浓缩倍率可达18、10、16、10和8，检出限分别为0．7μg／L、1．6μg／L、1．3μg／L、5．7μg／L、3．2μg／L。方法成功应用于自来水、河水和海水中痕量镉、钴、铜、镍和锌的分析。在0．02mg／L和0．10mg／L二个水平进行加入回收试验，回收率在80％与118％之间。     

毛细管区带电泳法测定十全大补丸中的川芎嗪和芍药甙

川芎嗪和芍药甙是十全大补丸中的主要有效成分。本文用毛细管区带电泳法分离测定了这两种成分。以40mmol/L硼砂（含3％乙醇,V／V）、pH10．88为电泳介质,未涂层熔融硅毛细管,压力进样（69kPa·s）,15kV恒压电泳（23℃）,检测波长232nm。在20～700mg/L和15～55mg／L范围内,川芎嗪与芍药甙可分别定量分析。加样回收率川芎嗪为101．0％±1．8％,芍药甙为99．3％±2．0％。     

葡萄糖酸锌治疗3～7岁缺锌儿童疗效观察

检测了玉林市城区八所幼儿园3280名3～7岁儿童发锌。对检出发锌＜110×10-6及生长发育迟缓、厌食、头发稀黄、营养不良等1725人采用口服葡萄糖酸锌治疗（1mg／kg体重·d，分两次饭后服，连服2个月）。治疗后总有效率为95．65％，无效占4．35％，防治后发锌由原来的87．2×10－6±34．6×10-6上升为115．3×10-6±43．6×10-6，差异非常显著（P＜0．001）。     

恶性骨肿瘤病人血清铜,锌测定

对１９名恶性骨肿瘤病人进行了血清铜、锌测定，与正常对照组进行比较，结果显示患病组血清铜２１．２±６．４４μｍｏｌ／Ｌ高于对照组的１４．２±３．６０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１），且铜／锌比值明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。血清锌两组间差异无显著性意义。     

田径运动员血清,头发锌铁铜钙镁含量分析

采用原子吸收分光光度法测定了玉林师范专科学校51名田径运动员的头发和血清锌、铁、铜、钙、镁元素含量。结果表明：血清元素除钙低于标准外，其余四种元素均达标准值。男运动员血清铁、镁显著高于女性（P＜0．01），其余元素男女之间无差异。头发中锌铁铜钙镁均值（单位×10－6）分别为：128．25±18．34、47．59±39．17、7．18±1．04、575．17±145．70、109．32±48．5，达标准值的百分比分别为62．74％、43．14％、21．57％、66．67％和100％。     

固相复合抗体放射免疫分析法测定人体SOD的含量

本文描述了固相复合抗体放射免疫分析法测定人血清和红血球中超氧化物歧化酶的含量，该法灵敏度为０．５ｎｇ，非特异为２．０±０．６％，批内误差在３．４％～４．２％（ｎ＝９）之间，批间误差在７．０％～７．５％（ｎ＝６）之间，经测定，人血清正常值为２９１±７９（ｘ±ｓ）ｎｇ／ｍＬ，红血球正常值为８６１±９５（ｘ±ｓ）×１０＾－６Ｈｂ。该法灵敏度高、特异性好，简便，快速，适于分析大量样品。     

铜(Ⅱ)-2,2′-联吡啶-铬天菁S三元络合物极谱吸附波及应用

本文提出了一个灵敏的具有选择性的溶出伏安法测超痕量铜的方法。在0.01mol／LNH3·H2O-NH4Cl溶液中（pH＝9．3），铜（Ⅱ）－2，2′-联吡啶（Dipy）-铬天菁S（CAS）能生成具吸附性的电活性三元络合物，在＋0.1V（vs．SCE）电位下富集，阴极溶出峰电位是一0．18V，峰电流与Cu（Ⅱ）的浓度在9．0×10－9～7.0×10－7mol／L范围内成正比，检测限是3．0×10－9mol／L，这一方法已用于测定环境水中痕量铜，回收率在98．5％，102．5％之间。     

锌,镉及金属硫蛋白在大鼠前列腺的定位研究

测定了Wister大鼠前列腺不同部位锌、镉含量，发现背侧叶、背前叶及腹叶含锌量依次为890．0±80．2、294.0±32.5和35.8±6．7μg／g干组织，含镉量依次为0.257±0．030、0.128±0．012和0．060±0．009μg／g干组织。各叶之间锌含量有显著性差异（P＜0.01），镉含量的差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05），而且各叶中锌的含量明显高于镉。免疫组化测定将金属硫蛋白定位于腺体上细胞核和细胞液中，各叶均为阳性，其强度依次为背侧叶最强，背前叶其次，腹叶最弱，与锌、镉分布一致。     

高效液相色谱法对谷类食物中4种茚满二酮类鼠药的同时测定

建立了能同时检测谷类食物中杀鼠酮、异杀鼠酮、敌鼠、氯敌鼠的高效液相色谱分析法。在磷酸盐缓冲溶液（pH=5．5）中用乙醇一乙酸乙酯（体积比5：95）作萃取剂，通过正交试验优化提取条件，在ZORBAX SB C18柱（250mm×4．6mmi．d．，5μm）上以磷酸盐缓冲液（pH=6．3）、乙腈、甲醇组成的流动相进行梯度洗脱分离，紫外检测。结果表明，杀鼠酮、异杀鼠酮在0．25～50．0mg／L，敌鼠、氯敌鼠在0．50～100mg／L均具有良好的线性，其相关系数均大于0．9993；杀鼠酮和异杀鼠酮的检出限均为0．1mg／L，敌鼠和氯敌鼠的检出限均为0．2mg／L；4种鼠药的回收率为80％～95％；RSD均小于8．0％。该法适用于谷类食物中茚满二酮类鼠药残留的检测。     

铅暴露者体内卟啉代谢与膳食调整的探讨

武汉某蓄电池厂69名长年接触铅作业工人血铅及相应血尿生化指标测定结果表明：平均血铅含量1.48±0.67μmol／L，血红蛋白为129.0±25.4g／L，贫血率为36．3％；血锌原卟啉为6.65±3．65μg／（g.Hb），血δ-氨基酮戊酸脱水酶为59．2±49．5IU／L，尿δ-氨基酮戊酸为5．69±4．44mg／L。同时发现，作业工人膳食总热能、Ca、VitaminA、VitaminB2摄人不足，血铅水平与膳食中磷、VitaminB1、VitaminB2摄人量呈负相关。结合膳食营养素对铅代谢的影响，本文提出了相应的合理膳食建议。     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物的合成及表征

三茂基镧系化合物和苯并三氮唑在四氢呋喃中反应,合成了7个未见文献报道的含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物,经元素分析、IR和MS测定,从有关数据推测了这类配合物的可能结构。     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。