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Mo-V-Te-Nb-O催化剂上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯酸Ⅰ.催化剂的制备条件及稳定性 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
研究了催化剂的制备条件(焙烧方式、焙烧气氛和焙烧温度)对Mo-V-Te-Nb-O上丙烷选择氧化制丙烯酸反应的影响. 结果表明,制备条件对催化剂的催化性能具有很大的影响. 与敞开式焙烧制得的催化剂相比,封闭式焙烧制得的催化剂具有较高的丙烯酸选择性,但丙烷转化率较低. 在空气中焙烧制得的催化剂对丙烯酸无选择性,但在氮气和氩气中焙烧制得的催化剂具有很高的丙烷转化率和丙烯酸选择性. 随着焙烧温度的升高,丙烷转化率降低,丙烯酸选择性升高,适宜的焙烧温度为600 ℃. 催化剂制备条件对催化剂的晶相结构也具有重要的影响. 在惰性气氛中采用600 ℃下封闭式焙烧制得的Mo-V-Te-Nb-O催化剂经210 h反应后,丙烷转化率保持为19%,而丙烯酸选择性持续升高,由32%升至50%. 相似文献
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生物质焦制备条件对其燃烧反应特性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在热重分析仪上,研究了生物质焦的制备条件对其燃烧反应特性的影响。生物质焦由闪速裂解技术制得,裂解温度为 748 K、773 K和823 K;原料含水质量分数为0、7.0%和11.3%。研究发现,生物质焦中挥发性物质的质量分数和H/C质量比随裂解温度的增加而降低,其燃烧反应性随裂解温度的增加而降低;与高裂解温度条件下制得的生物质焦相比,低裂解温度条件下制得的生物质焦具有较高的反应活化能和对燃烧温度更敏感。原料含水量对生物质焦的燃烧反应特性影响很小;但对高裂解温度条件下制得的生物质焦中的挥发性组分含量有较大的影响。简化的生物质焦本征燃烧反应幂函数动力学模型可以很好地描述其燃烧行为。 相似文献
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以丙烯酸和1,3,5,7-四甲基环四硅氧烷(D4H)等为初始原料,经酯化、硅氢加成反应制得1,3,5,7-四(三甲基硅氧羰丙基)-1,3,5,7-四甲基环四硅氧烷(2),水解2制得1,3,5,7-四羧丙基-1,3,5,7-四甲基环四硅氧烷(3),3经Staudinger反应和Curtius重排反应制得1,3,5,7-四异氰氧基乙基-1,3,5,7-四甲基环四硅氧烷(4).反应总收率为14.5%,化合物结构经1H NMR,29Si NMR,IR,MS和HRMS确证. 相似文献
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以2,6,6-三甲基环己-2-烯-1,4-二酮为原料, 经选择性羰基保护、Wittig反应、脱保护基、 腈基水解和还原等5步反应合成了目标化合物, 总产率可达6.0%. 相似文献
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Oxidation of pseudaconine 8, a norditerpenoid alkaloid, with HIO4 led to a series of novel interesting products, depending greatly on reaction medium and work-up conditions. Treatment of 8 in MeOH-H2O (1:1) with NaIO4 gave compounds 10 and 11, but compound 12 was obtained quantitatively when the final reaction solution was alkalized with conc. NH4OH. The imine 12 was also obtained in 100% yield by treating 8 in 5% HCl solution with NaIO4 followed by alkalizing the reaction products to pH>9 with conc. NH4OH. When the work up pH was 7-8, only N,O-mixed acetal-ketal 13 was formed in 96% yield, which was converted quantitatively to 12 by further alkalizing. When the reaction mixture was alkalized to pH 7-8 with Na2CO3, a hemiacetalketal 14 was afforded quantitatively, which was converted to 15 in 87% yield by further treatment with Na2CO3 or 5% NaOH methanol. Compound 15 could be converted back to 14 by treatment with 10% HCl solution. Acetylation of the imine 12 gave the compounds 16 and 17 in 15% and 19% yields, respectively. All of the new compounds were isolated and fully characterized. 相似文献
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为了得到稳定性更好、活性更高的烯烃复分解催化剂,本文采用有机合成的方法,以钌卡宾烯烃复分解催化剂为主体,用锌卟啉进行修饰,得到锌卟啉修饰的Grubbs-Hoveyda型双核钌卡宾烯烃复分解反应催化剂,产物结构使用核磁共振方法进行表征。 用0.1%化学计量催化剂催化几种代表性底物闭环复分解(RCM)反应产率能达到95%,对于特定的交叉烯烃复分解反应(CM),延长反应时间也能得到93%的较高产率。 研究结果为Grubbs-Hoveyda催化剂的修饰提供了新方法和理论依据。 相似文献
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氯固相合成Ti-ZSM-5催化苯乙烯环氧化对映选择性 的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用TiCl~4气固相同晶取代法制得的Ti-ZSM-5作催化剂。研究了以H~2O~2为氧化剂氧化苯乙烯生成环氧苯乙烷的对映选择性,发现生成的环氧苯乙烷主要以R构型为主。考察了反应时间,反应温度,催化剂Ti-ZSM-5以及氧化剂[w(H~2O~2)=30%]的用量等反应条件对苯乙烯环氧化反应对映性的影响。结果表明,反应温度是影响环氧化反应对映选择性的重要因素,降低反应温度有利于提高对映选择性(ee),当反应温度≤40℃时,ee值可达100%;而反应时间,催化剂及氧化剂[w(H~2O~2)=30%]用量对环氧化反应的对映选择性几乎没有影响。 相似文献
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Masao Tomoi Eiji Ogawa Yasunori Hosokama Hiroshi Kakiuchi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1982,20(12):3421-3429
The rate of reaction of 1-halooctanes with aqueous sodium cyanide catalyzed by phosphonium salts attached to insoluble polystyrene resins by tetramethylene or heptamethylene spacers was studied as a function of catalyst particle size, degree of polymer crosslinking, percentage of ring substitution, and temperature. Rates of reaction of 1-bromooctane with 17–38% ring-substituted catalysts increased as spacer-chain length increased. Rates of reaction of 1-bromooctane decreased, whether the percentage of ring substitution increased or decreased from 17–19%. Rates of reaction of 1-chlorooctane increased with increasing spacer-chain length and decreasing percentage of ring substitution. Apparent activation energy for the reaction of 1-bromooctane with 9% ring-substituted, spacer-modified catalysts was 9–10 kcal/mol and 13 kcal/mol with 17–19% ring-substituted catalysts. The hydrophilicity of catalysts decreased with increasing spacer-chain length and decreasing percentage of ring substitution. The mechanisms of reaction were discussed in terms of intrinsic reactivity and intraparticle diffusion limitations on the reaction rates. 相似文献
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G. David B. Boutevin Y. Hervaud 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(10):2201-2209
In this work, a new methacrylate phosphonate monomer synthesis was described according to a two-step reaction. First the monoaddition of thioglycolic acid onto dimethylvinyl phosphonate monomer led to dimethyl–5-carboxymethyl-2-thiaethylphosphonate, a new phosphonate acid compound. This reaction also led to the thioester homologue of dimethyl–5-carboxymethyl-2-thiaethylphosphonate with a 15% yield by reaction of a thioglycolic acid thioester with dimethylvinyl phosphonate. Second, dimethyl carboxy-4-thia-butyl phosphonate reacted with glycidyl methacrylate. This epoxy-acid addition reaction was catalyzed by chromium salt at 70°C and led to the new methacrylate phosphonate monomer. We showed that only the secondary alcohol was obtained via a β addition. The two-step reaction final yield was calculated to be about 85%. 相似文献
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利用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测法(HPLC-DAD)研究了不同含水量、不同样品浓度及不同反应时间对原花青素降解(正丁醇/HCl法)产物花青定及反应副产物的影响.木榄花样品经70%丙酮溶液提取,利用Sephadex LH-20柱纯化后得到原花青素样品.配制不同含水量和不同样品浓度的反应溶液,充分震荡后进行正丁醇/HCl法降解.用HPLC-DAD分析不同实验条件下得到的反应产物及副产物.结果表明,反应体系在含水量5%~15%的条件下,转化产物随着反应体系含水量的增加,花青定的转化率也随之增加,副产物的转化率却随之减少,总转化率(即花青定加上副产物的总转化量)呈增加趋势;在反应体系含水量大于15%时,随含水量的增加,转化产物含量呈现下降的趋势;增加反应体系中样品含量并没有明显增加转化产物的转化率,副产物的转化率相对稳定;不同反应时间处理得到的转化产物经HPLC-DAD分析并未发现转化产物花青定和副产物表现出明显的变化规律,总转化率相对稳定. 相似文献
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