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洗发,染发和烫发中的化学 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文扼要介绍了头发的结构和生物学特征。探讨了洗发剂、染发剂和烫发剂中的化学成分,洗发剂、染发剂和烫发剂的作用机理,洗发剂、染发剂和烫发剂的利弊,以及不同人种、不同年龄的人对洗发剂、染发剂和烫发剂品种的选择。 相似文献
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传统仿生人造黑色素聚多巴胺(PDA)染发过程中涉及的过强碱性会使毛发粗糙影响发质,大量的金属离子则存在安全性问题.本工作利用黑色素单体5,6-二羟基吲哚(DHI)能够在温和条件下仅通过空气氧化发生快速聚合的特点,报道了一种通过温和条件在头发表面和内部原位聚合的人造黑色素染发材料.染发色度值L=21,与自然黑发基本一致,洗涤30次后L=25,耐洗涤性良好,染色后头发拉伸强度189 MPa,断裂伸长率51%,相比染色前发质有所改善.研究结果表明,此类染发剂染发条件温和(空气氧化),色度自然,固色持久,有助于改善发质,生物安全性良好,为开发新一代染发剂提供了创新的设计策略和可靠的工具平台. 相似文献
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染发已成为人们的日常需要与时尚选择。目前广泛使用的化学染发剂主要成分为对苯二胺类物质,其引起的致敏性、致癌性与致突变性等问题日益凸显。生物质染发剂及仿生染发剂与化学合成染发剂相比具有安全低毒、资源可再生、环境友好等优点。本文以近年来国内外对绿色安全染发剂的研究为基础,从头发的组成结构和显色机理出发,从生物质染发剂以及仿生染发剂两个方面总结了绿色安全染发剂的研究现状与发展瓶颈,并对其应用前景进行了展望,旨在为安全无毒、绿色健康染发剂的研发提供参考。 相似文献
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离子色谱法同时测定化妆品中的铵和6种烷基胺 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立同时测定化妆品中铵和6种烷基胺的离子色谱(IC)分析方法。优化了色谱条件和样品前处理方法,样品经100 mmol/L乙酸-20%(v/v)乙腈溶液浸提,固相萃取(SPE)柱去除阴离子、中和氢离子后进样测定。考察了提取溶液的pH、有机溶剂和共存离子对测定结果的影响。分析方法的线性范围为0.3~15 mg/L,检出限为2.1~7.9 mg/kg,定量限为7~26 mg/kg。采用建立的分析方法测定了清洗、柔肤、祛斑、防晒、烫发、染发和育发类化妆品的加标回收率的范围在80.2%~109.2%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)的范围为0.5%~3.1%。方法选择性好,灵敏度高,抗干扰强,用于实际样品测定结果准确。 相似文献
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体毛的化学和头发的保护 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文介绍了体毛结构和功能的一般化学基础,讨论了毛发的化学特征如氨基酸及微量元素的组成和应用依据,研究了护发的化学方法。作为皮肤附属器官的体毛,特别是头发,除一般的美容化妆外,近10多年来还由于人体微量元素研究的进展而引起人们的重视。曾多次召开过国际人发研究学术讨论会[1],国际原子能研究机构(IAEA)还在全球范围内收集了人发数据,并发布了人发标样(IAEA-HH-1),我国也研制了类似的标准物。在各种病因诊断、法医学研究中,头发分析是重要项目。而在日常消费新潮中,青年人也常把相当多的精力和金钱投放在发型的美化上。因此体毛的化学和头发的保护问题,日益成为化学与生活联系的重要渠道,其社会意义已不容忽视。本文尝试就毛发的结构、功能、组成及可能的病交的化学基础和有关化妆的化学信息作一简介。 相似文献
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头发元素分析的科学意义及医学应用价值 总被引:8,自引:3,他引:8
对近100年来头发元素分析发展历史作了简要回顾,并从头发元素水平代表身体元素总体水平、头发元素含量可以准确测定,以及头发元素分析可用于医学诊断等三个方面论述了头发元素分析的生物学基础及临床意义,重点介绍了中国科学工作者在实验研究和临床实践中的探索和发现。科学实践证明,头发元素分析不仅为揭开古代头发神话提供了解释基础,也为头发的现代应用提供了可靠工具和科学依据。 相似文献
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Wenbi Guan 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(6):679-691
A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl). 相似文献
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多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生,丁孟贤,徐纪平(浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所,杭州,310027)(中国科学院长春应用化学研究所)关键词聚醚酰亚胺,聚酯酰亚胺,膜,透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差,在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后,其... 相似文献
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微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述,包括:微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。 相似文献
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Charles Manzi-Nshuti 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2007,92(10):1803-1812
In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer. 相似文献
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Prof. Inmaculada García‐Moreno Lu Wang Prof. Angel Costela Dr. Jorge Bañuelos Prof. Iñigo López Arbeloa Prof. Yi Xiao 《Chemphyschem》2012,13(17):3923-3931
Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission. 相似文献
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The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R2UPh type and -thioureas of the R2TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments. 相似文献
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Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB5型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。 相似文献