快速高分离液相色谱-串联质谱法测定植物组织中雌激素玉米赤霉醇类化合物

应用快速高分离液相色谱-串联质谱仪(RRLC-MS/MS),建立了植物组织中玉米赤霉醇类化合物(α-玉米赤霉醇、β-玉米赤霉醇、α-玉米赤霉烯醇、β-玉米赤霉烯醇、玉米赤霉酮、玉米赤霉烯酮)的检测方法.植物组织样品采用乙腈提取,碱性水溶液反萃取,经混合阴离子(MAX)固相萃取柱进行净化和富集后,用RRLC-MS/MS检测,多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行定性与定量分析.结果表明:玉米赤霉醇类化合物在0～20 μg/kg的线性范围内均具有良好的线性关系,方法检出限(LOD)为0.5 μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为1.0 μg/kg,6种玉米赤霉醇类化合物的平均回收率为75.8%～105.4%,相对标准偏差为2.4%～12.1%.本方法可用于植物组织中玉米赤霉醇类化合物含量的测定.     

在线固相萃取-高效液相色谱-质谱法快速测定绵羊尿液中3种轭合态β-受体激动剂

采用双三元高效液相色谱和液相质谱联用(HPLC-MS/MS)建立了测定绵羊原始尿液及酶解后尿液中β-受体激动剂(沙丁胺醇、克伦特罗、莱克多巴胺)在线SPE(Turboflow)检测的方法。分别对Turboflow柱和分析柱条件进行优化,最终确定样品上样速率4 m L/min,进样体积100μL,样品净化时间0.5 min。本方法的回收率在91.3%~112.2%之间,线性范围为0.1~100μg/L,精密度RSD<1%,日间峰面积RSD<12%,说明方法的重现性和稳定性良好。在对酶解后的尿液检测中发现,对于苯酚类β-受体激动剂(沙丁胺醇、莱克多巴胺),酶解后的尿液中检出化合物含量明显高于未酶解样品,对苯胺类β-受体激动剂(克伦特罗)的影响不大。本方法只需对原始尿液或酶解后的尿液进行过膜处理,样品的在线净化、富集、柱平衡和最终分析可在15 min内完成,大大缩短了日常分析所需时间。本方法操作简单,可用于养殖动物β-受体激动剂大规模筛查。     

QuEChERS-液相色谱-串联质谱联用检测猪肉中的β-受体阻断剂

本文建立了一种QuEChERS前处理与液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)联用检测猪肉中16种β-受体阻断剂的新方法。试样酶解后经体积比为1%甲酸乙腈提取、QuEChERS吸附剂净化后经LC-MS/MS检测。在最优的工作条件下，方法的线性范围为0.10～20.0μg/kg,检出限范围为0.01～0.05μg/kg,定量限为0.10μg/kg。采用所建立的方法对市售猪肉中的16种β-受体阻断剂进行了检测，未检出16种β-受体阻断剂，对市售猪肉进行加标回收实验，回收率为84.2%～117%,表明本方法具有良好的准确性。     

反相液相色谱-串联质谱法检测猪肝中26种β2-受体激动剂类药物残留

建立了一种猪肝中26种β2-受体激动剂药物残留的反相液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。样品经β-葡萄糖苷酸酶/芳基硫酸酯酶酶解12 h后,加入HClO4调至pH 1,去除蛋白,残渣经过0.1 mol/L HClO4再次提取后,合并提取液,调节混合提取液至pH 4,过混合阳离子(MCX)固相萃取柱净化。采用0.1%甲酸(A)和0.1%甲酸-乙腈(B)作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱(ESI+)采用多离子检测模式(MRM)对β2-受体激动剂的定量离子和定性离子进行监测,本方法在15 min内完成26种目标化合物的分离分析。26种β2-受体激动剂在5、10和20μg/L添加水平的回收率为64.0%~112.7%,相对标准偏差小于15.2%,方法检出限为0.15~1.35μg/kg。     

利用酸度计检测奶制品中残留的β-内酰胺酶

β-内酰胺酶催化青霉素水解的过程其pH会发生变化,从而利用酸度计检测牛奶中β-内酰胺酶的残留量.该方法在磷酸缓冲溶液(PBS)和牛奶中,对β-内酰胺酶的检出限分别为IOU/mL和15U/mL,同时得到米氏常数为0.0351mmol/L.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定牛奶和奶粉中的青霉素类药物及其主要酶解代谢产物

建立了液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定牛奶和奶粉中4种青霉素(青霉素G、青霉素V、阿莫西林、氨苄西林)及其4种 β-内酰胺酶酶解产物(青霉素G脱羧噻唑酸、青霉素V脱羧噻唑酸、阿莫西林脱羧噻唑酸、氨苄西林脱羧噻唑酸)残留的方法。样品采用乙腈-水提取,浓缩后经HLB柱净化,用液相色谱-串联质谱检测,外标法定量。结果表明,青霉素原药在4~200 μg/L,酶解产物在10~500 μg/L范围呈良好线性,线性相关系数均大于0.99;样品检出限为5~50 μg/kg(S/N≥3),定量限为8~100 μg/kg(S/N≥10);对牛奶和奶粉样品分别进行3个水平的加标回收实验(n=6),牛奶中青霉素及其酶解产物的平均回收率为83.48%~96.97%,相对标准偏差为3.86%~10.87%;奶粉中青霉素及其酶解产物的平均回收率为82.70%~95.14%,相对标准偏差为3.02%~9.81%。该方法稳定、可靠,适用于牛奶和奶粉中青霉素类药物及其酶解代谢产物的测定。     

同时检测动物肌肉中26种β2-兴奋剂和激素残留

建立了动物肌肉中10种β2-兴奋剂、16种激素共26种促蛋白合成剂的固相萃取样品前处理方法,用同位素内标结合气相色谱-质谱联用法进行分析。动物肌肉经过β-葡萄糖醛苷酶/芳基硫酸酯酶酶解,酶解液通过SLW固相萃取柱浓缩净化,先用甲醇洗脱16种激素,然后用5%氨化乙酸乙酯洗脱10种β2-兴奋剂,后者经过双三甲基硅基三氟乙酰胺 1%(φ)三甲基氯硅烷衍生后,用GC/MS测定β2-兴奋剂;前者再用SLH固相萃取柱净化,七氟丁酸酐衍生后用GC/MS测定激素。结果表明,SLW固相萃取柱能够很好地分离动物肌肉酶解液中10种β2-兴奋剂、16种激素,结合GC/MS测定,本方法检出浓度为0.5~1.0μg/kg,回收率在68.2%~103.2%之间,相对标准偏差1.5%~12.4%。     

超高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱法测定乳清蛋白粉中α-乳白蛋白和β-乳球蛋白

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)法测定乳清蛋白粉中α-乳白蛋白(α-La)和β-乳球蛋白(β-Lg)的分析方法。样品经碘代乙酰胺烷基化,再经碱性胰蛋白酶酶解。在Waters ACQUITY UPLC-BEH C_(18),300?色谱柱上分离,流动相为0.1%甲酸水和0.1%甲酸乙腈,采用梯度洗脱分离,正离子多反应监测模式(MRM)检测,内标法定量。结果表明,α-乳白蛋白和β-乳球蛋白分别在40～1 000 nmol/L和80～2 000 nmol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,定量下限(S/N=10)均为0.020 g/100 g;加标回收率为84.7%～95.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为1.6%～5.8%。基于上述方法对5个国家的4类乳清蛋白粉(脱盐乳清粉D70和D90、浓缩乳清蛋白粉和α-乳白蛋白粉)进行了含量测定和差异对比。该方法操作简便,定量准确,可用于乳清蛋白粉等蛋白类原料中α-乳白蛋白和β-乳球蛋白的测定。     

凝胶渗透色谱-固相萃取净化-超快速液相色谱-串联质谱法检测牛肉中9种类固醇激素残留

建立了凝胶渗透色谱分离-固相萃取净化-超快速液相色谱-串联质谱 (GPC-SPE-RRLC-MS/MS)测定牛肉中群勃龙、勃地龙、诺龙、睾酮、美雄酮、甲基睾酮、司坦唑醇、黄体酮、苯丙酸诺龙9种类固醇激素残留的方法.试样经β-盐酸葡萄糖醛苷酶/芳基硫酸酯酶酶解,叔丁基甲醚超声提取,凝胶渗透色谱和HLB固相萃取柱净化,以乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相,经Agilent Plus C18柱分离后以MS/MS多反应监测扫描模式检测.方法线性相关系数r＞0.999,定量限为0.2～0.7 μg/kg.在3种浓度添加水平0.3, 1.0, 4.0 μg/kg下,其平均回收率为81.4%～110%;相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.2%～9.8%.本方法已成功应用于高脂肪和基质复杂样品中9种类固醇激素残留的检测.     

荧光光度法测定对二苯胺偶氮苯磺酸(TPOO)-β-环糊精与氨苄青霉素的包合比和包合常数

探讨TPOO-β-环糊精对氨苄青霉素的包合机理,用荧光光度法测定得出TPOO-β-环糊精与氨苄青霉素按照1:1进行包合,包合常数为3.02&#215;102L/mol。基于TPOO-β-环糊精与氨苄青霉素进行包合表现出的荧光增强的特性,建立了水溶液中测定氨苄青霉素的荧光光度法,该法具有简便、灵敏、快捷等优点。     

High-throughput analysis of amnesic shellfish poisoning toxins in shellfish by ultra-performance rapid resolution LC-MS/MS

The application of ultra-performance rapid resolution LC on a 1.8 microm particle-size column coupled with tandem MS (RRLC-MS/MS) is described for the analysis of amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) toxins in shellfish. Complete resolution among domoic acid (DA) and the isomers was achieved in less than 3 min. The method was intralaboratory validated for direct analysis of crude extracts without further cleanup. It showed LODs ranging from 0.05 to 0.09 mg/kg and a working range that complied with the current regulatory level for DA of 20 mg/kg, and with the level of 4.5 mg/kg recently proposed by the European Food Safety Authority. Confirmatory capabilities were demonstrated according to the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC criteria. The results obtained by RRLC-MS/MS agreed with those provided by the reference LC-UV method, both intralaboratory for the analysis of blind samples (R2 = 0.9751) and interlaboratory through participation in the proficiency test for ASP toxins during 2009 (z-score = -0.962 and 0.177 for low- and high-contaminated samples, respectively). RRLC-MS/MS provided fast analysis and additional confirmatory capabilities for direct analysis of crude extracts while the performance and reliability of the results were maintained, even in very complex matrixes.     

基于快速高分辨液相色谱串联质谱技术的代谢组学尿液分析方法的建立

采用快速高分辨液相色谱(RRLC)分离系统与QTRAP型及QTOF型MS/MS仪联用技术,通过考察尿液样本前处理方法,优化液相色谱条件和质谱检测参数,建立了用于尿液中代谢物分析的RRLC-MS方法.采用本方法对尿液浓度下的20种代表性代谢物进行了检测,考察了方法的灵敏度和精密度,证明本方法适用于尿液代谢组学的研究.对穿...     

Rapid confirmatory analysis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in bovine milk by rapid resolution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

A rapid method has been developed to analyse carprofen (CPF), diclofenac (DCF), mefenamic acid (MFN), niflumic acid (NIFLU), naproxen (NAP), oxyphenylbutazone (OXYPHEN), phenylbutazone (PBZ) and suxibuzone (SUXI) residues in bovine milk. Milk samples are extracted with acetonitrile and sample extracts were purified on Evolute™ ABN solid phase extraction cartridges. Aliquots were analysed by rapid resolution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (RRLC-MS/MS) with a runtime of 6.5 min. The method was validated in bovine milk, according to the criteria defined in Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. CCα values of 0.46, 1.08, 0.92, 1.26, 1.29, 2.12, 0.55 and 2.86 ng mL⁻¹ were determined for CPF, DCF, MFN, NIFLU, NAP, OXYPHEN, PBZ and SUXI, respectively. CCβ values of 0.79, 1.85, 1.56, 2.15, 2.19, 3.62, 0.94 and 4.87 ng mL⁻¹ were determined for CPF, DCF, MFN, NIFLU, NAP, OXYPHEN, PBZ and SUXI, respectively. The measurement uncertainty of the method was estimated at 9, 28, 28, 45, 46, 45, 10 and 39% for CPF, DCF, MFN, NIFLU, NAP, OXYPHEN, PBZ and SUXI. Fortifying bovine milk samples (n = 18) in three separate assays, show the accuracy of the method to be between 82 and 108%. The precision of the method, expressed as RSD values for the within-lab reproducibility at the three levels of fortification (5, 7.5 and 10 ng mL⁻¹) was less than 16%, respectively. The advantage of the method is that low ng mL⁻¹ levels can be detected and quantitatively confirmed rapidly in milk and that 3 batches of samples can be analysed within a single day using RRLC-MS/MS with a runtime of 6.5 min.     

液相色谱-质谱联用技术结合多探针底物法研究人参皂苷Rb1的体外代谢

以奥美拉唑、 苯妥英、 卡马西平和非那西丁为检测肝药酶细胞色素P450酶(CYP450)亚型的专属探针药物, 通过原型药物减少量测定法考察药物体外代谢的变化, 评价人参皂苷Rb1对CYP450不同亚型酶的作用. 结果表明, P2C9, P2C19和P3A4实验组与对照组差异不显著, P1A2实验组与对照组差异显著, 表明人参皂苷Rb1能诱导P1A2亚型酶的活性, 促进底物与酶反应, 加快底物的代谢, 而对P2C9, P2C19和P3A4三个亚型酶有弱的诱导或无诱导作用. 根据快速分离液相色谱-质谱联用(RRLC-MS/MS)检测结果推断, 人参皂苷Rb1在CYP450酶中的代谢产物可转化为人参皂苷Rb1氧化产物(Rb1+O)及人参皂苷Rd和F2.     

高分辨快速液相色谱-串联质谱法测定肉制品中的刚果红

建立了肉制品中刚果红的高分辨快速液相色谱-串联质谱(RRLC-MS/MS)测定方法。均质后的样品经乙腈与正己烷混合溶剂(1∶1)提取,乙腈提取层离心后直接上机测试。使用Agilent XDB C18色谱柱,以乙腈和10 mmol/L甲酸铵水溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,采用多反应监测方式(MRM)负离子模式检测,定量离子对与定性离子对分别为m/z 325.0/416.0与m/z 651.0/152.0,外标法定量。结果表明,刚果红在0.1～10mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r2>0.999),加标回收率为91%～102%,RSD为1.2%～4.0%,检出限与定量下限分别为0.07 mg/kg和0.18 mg/kg。该方法准确、高效,可用于肉制品中刚果红染料的快速检测。     

快速高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水产品中5类33种药物残留

建立了快速高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(RRLC-MS/MS)同时测定水产品中四环素类、喹诺酮类、磺胺类、磺胺增效剂和三苯甲烷类共5大类33种药物残留的方法。样品用Na2EDTA-Mcllvaine缓冲溶液及乙腈提取,正己烷脱脂后,用RRLC进行分离。在电喷雾正离子模式下,以动态多反应监测(Dynamic MRM)方式采集数据进行定性与定量分析。33种药物在相应的浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于0.99;在3个不同浓度添加水平下,平均回收率为63.6%～115.2%;相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.6%～14.6%;检出限(LOD,S/N=3)和定量限(LOQ,S/N=10)分别为0.1～2.0μg/kg和0.5～5.0μg/kg。本方法简便快速、灵敏可靠,适用于水产品中药物多残留的同时快速定性与定量测定。     

Discrimination of eight chloramphenicol isomers by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in order to investigate the natural occurrence of chloramphenicol

This paper describes the discrimination of eight different isomers of chloramphenicol (CAP), an antibiotic banned for use in food producing animals, by reversed phase and chiral liquid chromatography in combination with tandem mass spectrometric detection. Previously, by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) the presence of CAP was confirmed in some grass and herb samples collected on Mongolian pastures up to concentrations of 450 μg kg(-1). It was not possible to establish the cause of CAP residues which has initiated research on the natural occurrence of this drug. CAP occurs in the para-configuration and in the meta-configuration and contains two chiral centers thus eight different isomeric configurations exist, namely four (RR, SS, RS, SR) meta-stereoisomers and four para-stereoisomers. It is known that only RR-p-CAP has antimicrobial properties. To find out if the CAP detected in the plant material samples is the active configuration, a high resolution reversed phase LC-MS/MS system was tested for its ability to separate the different isomers. This system proved to be able to discriminate between some isomers, but not between RR-p-CAP and SS-p-CAP, also called dextramycin. Despite a detailed elucidation of the product ions and the fragmentation patterns of all isomers, MS/MS did not add sufficient specificity for full discrimination of the isomers. Therefore a chiral liquid chromatographic separation with MS/MS detection that is able to distinguish all isomers was developed and finally the isomeric ratio of non-compliant plant material samples and some CAP formulations was determined using this system. This showed that Mongolian grass and herb samples only contain the biological active isomer of CAP as do the obtained formulations. Therefore the CAP present in the plant material might origin from the production by soil organisms or from a manufactured source.     

Trace analysis of 28 steroids in surface water, wastewater and sludge samples by rapid resolution liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

A sensitive rapid resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (RRLC-MS/MS) method, combined with solid-phase extraction, ultrasonic extraction and silica gel cartridge cleanup, was developed for 28 steroids including 4 estrogens (estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), 17α-ethynyl estradiol (EE2), diethylstilbestrol (DES)), 14 androgens (androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione (ADD), 17α-trenbolone, 17β-trenbolone, 4-androstene-3,17-dione, 19-nortestoserone, 17β-boldenone, 17α-boldenone, testosterone (T), epi-androsterone (EADR), methyltestosterone (MT), 4-hydroxy-androst-4-ene-17-dione (4-OHA), 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT), androsterone (ADR), stanozolol (S)), 5 progestagens (progesterone (P), ethynyl testosterone (ET), 19-norethindrone, norgestrel, medroxyprogesterone (MP)), and 5 glucocorticoids (cortisol, cortisone, prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone) in surface water, wastewater and sludge samples. The recoveries of surface water, influents, effluents and sludge samples were 90.6-119.0% (except 5α-DHT was 143%), 44.0-200%, 60.7-123% and 62.6-138%, respectively. The method detection limits for the 28 analytes in surface water, influents, effluents and freeze-dried sludge samples were 0.01-0.24 ng/L, 0.02-1.44 ng/L, 0.01-0.49 ng/L and 0.08-2.06 ng/g, respectively. This method was applied in the determination of the residual steroidal hormones in two surface water of Danshui River, 12 wastewater and 8 sludge samples from two wastewater treatment plants (Meihu and Huiyang WWTPs) in Guangdong (China). Ten analytes were detected in surface water samples with concentrations ranging between 0.4 ng/L (17β-boldenone) and 55.3 ng/L (5α-DHT); twenty analytes in the wastewater samples with concentrations ranging between 0.3 ng/L (P) and 621 ng/L (5α-DHT); and 12 analytes in the sludge samples with concentrations ranging between 1.6 ng/g (E1) and 372 ng/g (EADR).     

超高效液相色谱/飞行时间质谱用于人参皂甙Rg3作用后大鼠尿液代谢物指纹图谱分析及标记物的鉴定

超高效液相色谱技术(UPLC)采用1.7 μm的色谱柱填料,有更好的分离效率、峰容量以及灵敏度;高分辨的时间飞行质谱(TOF-MS)能够测定化合物准确的分子质量并具有MS/MS功能。 两者的联用适合于复杂体系的分离分析和未知物的结构鉴定。 因此建立了一种基于UPLC/TOF-MS测定人参皂甙Rg3给药后大鼠尿液代谢物变化的方法,对其中2种发生显著变化的代谢物分别通过准确的质量测定得到其元素组成,通过MS/MS技术得到其结构信息,并通过检索数据库最终分别鉴定为4,8-二羟喹啉甲酸和4-羟基-2-喹啉酸。