负载型MoOx和VOx催化剂甲醚选择氧化制甲醛反应

考察了负载型MoOx和VOx催化剂上二甲醚选择氧化制甲醛反应的性能．结果表明，两类催化剂在低温(240～320℃)下都具有良好的催化性能，VOx催化剂比MoOx催化剂所需的反应温度低，300℃下在VOx／r-Al2O3催化剂上二甲醚转化率可达20％，甲醛选择性可达70％．载体对催化剂性能有较大的影响，对于VOx催化剂，使用酸性载体时二甲醚转化率和甲醛选择性更高．催化剂的稳定性较好，反应17h后，VOx／r-Al2O3催化剂上未检测到有积碳生成．     

金属离子对Ru-Pt/γ-Al2O3催化剂上对氯硝基苯选择加氢反应的影响

 采用混合醇还原法制备了聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)稳定的Ru-Pt/γ-Al2O3双金属催化剂,考察了其催化对氯硝基苯(p-CNB)选择加氢反应的性能,探讨了反应温度、压力、第三金属离子的种类、添加量及添加方式对反应的影响. 结果表明,以Ru-Pt/γ-Al2O3为催化剂,在1.0 MPa和50 ℃的条件下反应1 h,p-CNB的转化率可达48.2%,生成对氯苯胺(p-CAN)的选择性为87.3%. 在反应体系中添加适量的Fe3+或Sn4+离子时,在相同的反应条件下,p-CNB的转化率和p-CAN的选择性分别提高到100%和99.0%. Fe3+或Sn4+的添加量及添加方式对p-CNB的转化率有较大的影响,加入Fe2+,Co2+和Ni2+离子也有利于提高催化剂的活性和选择性. Ru-Pt/γ-Al2O3催化剂体系对其它氯硝基苯的加氢反应也有明显的催化作用.     

Cu-Ni/γ-Al_2O_3双功能催化剂上二甲醚水蒸气重整制氢

用沉积-沉淀法分别制备了Cu/γ-Al2O3、Ni/γ-Al2O3和Cu-Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂,并研究了它们在二甲醚水蒸气重整(DMESR)制氢反应中的催化性能.采用比表面积测定(BET)、X射线衍射(XRD)、H2程序升温还原(H2-TPR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、NH3程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)、程序升温氧化(TPO)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等表征手段对催化剂的物相结构、微观形貌、还原性能、表面酸性和积炭特性等进行了研究.结果表明:Cu、Ni均为二甲醚水蒸气重整制氢的活性组分,Cu、Ni和γ-Al2O3之间存在着相互作用;镍的加入可以有效地提高铜组分在γ-Al2O3上的表面富集与分散,优化铜组分的分布状态,促进CuO颗粒的细小化,并可增强铜组分和载体之间的相互作用,有效地防止铜晶粒的团聚,从而提高催化剂的活性及稳定性;铜的加入可以改善催化剂中金属镍的分散性,减少镍颗粒的尺寸,降低催化剂对CH4的选择性,提高催化剂的H2产率,并在一定程度上抑制了积炭的形成与沉积.在350℃的温度下,反应进行100h后,Cu-Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂仍保持95%的二甲醚转化率,说明该催化剂具有较好的活性和稳定性.     

La_2O_3/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂用于二甲醚二氧化碳重整制氢

采用等体积浸渍法制备了不同负载量的La2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂,并考察了负载量和反应温度对催化剂用于二甲醚二氧化碳重整制氢反应的性能影响。结果表明,反应温度为550℃、La2O3负载量为15%时,催化剂表现出最好的性能:二甲醚的转化率为100%,二氧化碳的转化率达到85.4%,产物氢气的选择性高达93.3%,一氧化碳的选择性为76.04%,副产物甲烷的选择性仅为6.3%。550℃时其平均积炭速率为1.387 5 mg/(g·h)。研究还利用XRD、BET、TEM、TG等方法对催化剂进行了表征。     

聚合物稳定的Ru-Pt/γ-Al2O3双金属催化剂催化2,5-二氯硝基苯选择性加氢

 制备了以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)稳定的 Ru-Pt/γ-Al2O3负载型双金属催化剂,用于2,5-二氯硝基苯中的硝基选择性加氢. 考察了催化剂还原方法,反应温度、压力、时间和添加金属离子对反应的影响. 结果表明,用乙醇还原的Ru-Pt/γ-Al2O3催化剂性能明显好于用其它方法还原的催化剂,在50 ℃和氢气压力1.0 MPa的条件下反应1 h,转化率为41.4%,生成2,5-二氯苯胺的选择性为63.5%. 如果在上述反应条件下向该催化体系中加入Sn4+离子,反应的活性和选择性则大幅度提高,转化率达100%,选择性为77.6%,延长反应时间至4 h,选择性可达99.3%,并且没有脱氯产物的生成.     

低温等离子体协助B_2O_3/γ-Al_2O_3 选择催化还原NO(英文)

研究了低温等离子体协助催化条件下甲烷选择性催化还原NO反应(SCR).反应气体经等离子体活化后,生成NO2,HCHO,CH3NO和CH3NO2等活性更高的中间产物.程序升温表面反应表明,这些中间产物可在等离子体后置催化装置上进一步反应,从而使NOx还原为N2.在考察的一系列催化剂(包括γ-Al2O3,Ag/γ-Al2O3,B2O3/γ-Al2O3,Ga2O3/γ-Al2O3,In2O3/γ-Al2O3等)中,B2O3/γ-Al2O3表现出最好的催化活性.当反应温度为300oC时,NOx转化率达到最高.与γ-Al2O3催化剂相比,在10wt%B2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂上,300oC时,NOx转化为N2的转化率从33.4%提高至51.0%.催化剂的酸性对于经等离子体活化后的反应气体在催化剂上的SCR反应起到重要作用.同时,催化剂上吸附态NOx对于NOx的转化也起到一定作用.     

低温等离子体协助B2O3/γ-Al2O3 选择催化还原NO（英文）

研究了低温等离子体协助催化条件下甲烷选择性催化还原NO反应(SCR).反应气体经等离子体活化后,生成NO2,HCHO,CH3NO和CH3NO2等活性更高的中间产物.程序升温表面反应表明,这些中间产物可在等离子体后置催化装置上进一步反应,从而使NOx还原为N2.在考察的一系列催化剂(包括γ-Al2O3,Ag/γ-Al2O3,B2O3/γ-Al2O3,Ga2O3/γ-Al2O3,In2O3/γ-Al2O3等)中,B2O3/γ-Al2O3表现出最好的催化活性.当反应温度为300oC时,NOx转化率达到最高.与γ-Al2O3催化剂相比,在10wt%B2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂上,300oC时,NOx转化为N2的转化率从33.4%提高至51.0%.催化剂的酸性对于经等离子体活化后的反应气体在催化剂上的SCR反应起到重要作用.同时,催化剂上吸附态NOx对于NOx的转化也起到一定作用.     

Na-PtSnCe/γ-Al_2O_3丙烷脱氢催化剂的制备和催化性能

以γ-Al2O3为载体,采用连续等体积浸渍法,制备了一系列不同Na含量的Na-PtSnCe/γ-Al2O3催化剂,结合XRD、Py-IR、H2-TPR和TEM等手段对催化剂进行了表征,讨论了催化剂表面酸性及负载组分与载体之间的相互作用。采用微型催化反应装置考察了碱金属Na助剂含量和焙烧温度对负载型Na-PtSnCe/γ-Al2O3催化剂的丙烷脱氢反应性能的影响。结果表明,Na-PtSnCe/γ-Al2O3催化剂丙烷脱氢性能优于PtSnCe/γ-Al2O3催化剂,最佳Na含量为0.2%;适量Na助剂的添加可以降低催化剂的表面酸,增强催化剂中活性组分与载体之间的界面作用,提高催化反应的稳定性和选择性;550℃焙烧的Na-PtSnCe/γ-Al2O3催化剂,Pt组分与各助剂及载体之间的相互作用得到增强,催化剂具有最佳反应稳定性和最高丙烯选择性。     

Pd-Cu/γ-Al_2O_3催化苯乙炔选择性加氢反应

为了提高苯乙炔加氢反应中的苯乙烯选择性,本文采用"胶体-等体积浸渍"两步法制备了Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3双金属催化剂.利用高分辨率透射电镜(HRTEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、CO脉冲化学吸附、N2物理吸附、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)等技术表征了Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3的结构性质,考察了Cu/Pd摩尔比、Pd负载量以及金属引入顺序对Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3催化苯乙炔选择性加氢性能的影响.结果表明,与Pd/γ-Al2O3单金属催化剂相比,Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3的苯乙烯选择性大幅度提高,尤其是当Pd负载量为0.3%(w),且Cu/Pd摩尔比为0.6时,Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3表现出优异的加氢选择性;在0.1 MPa和40°C下,当苯乙炔转化率为90%时,双金属催化剂的苯乙烯选择性可达95%;当转化率达到99%以上时,苯乙烯选择性仍保持在82%左右.分析表明,Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3中形成了Pd-Cu合金,但是两种金属间不存在电子转移,Cu对Pd的几何效应才是导致Pd-Cu/γ-Al2O3苯乙烯选择性增加的主要原因.     

Ru-(S)-BINAP/γ-Al2O3催化剂上苯乙酮及其衍生物的多相不对称加氢反应

 在温和条件下制备了Ru-(S)-BINAP/γ-Al2O3催化剂,考察了其催化苯乙酮及其衍生物不对称加氢的活性. 在KOH-异丙醇溶液中,在c(KOH)=0.04 mol/L,氢气压力5 MPa和10 ℃条件下,(1S,2S)-DPEN手性修饰剂修饰的Ru-(S)-BINAP/γ-Al2O3催化剂具有较高的活性和对映选择性,反应28 h后苯乙酮的转化率可达100%,(R)-苯乙醇的ee值可达75.0%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.