地质样品中岩性自动分类X—射线荧光光谱分析研究

鉴于地质样品岩性变化大，容易引起对Ｘ－射线荧光分析准确度的影响，尤其是主、次量元素受影响更大，因此，作者提出了岩性自动分类，交互有效－基本参数法分析地质样品中主、次量元素，并与原有的经验系数和其它方法进行了比较。结果表明本方法的准确度更好些，对岩性的变化具有更好的适应能力。     

X射线荧光光谱法分析玻璃纤维中主、次量元素成分

采用粉末压片-波长色散X射线荧光光谱法分析了中碱及无碱玻璃纤维中硅、铝、钙、镁、铁、钛、钾、钠、砷、氟等10种主、次量元素成分含量。以6个标准样品并结合两个参考样品建立校准曲线，采用DeJongh模式方程有效校正玻璃基体中元素间的吸收增强效应和重叠效应。该方法测定10个元素的精密度和准确度均较好，其相对标准偏差在0．35％～2．86％之间，对实际样品的分析结果与化学法相吻合，可应用于玻璃纤维中多元素成分的快速分析。     

微波等离子体发射光谱法(MP-AES)测定地质样品中的主量和微量元素

采用了微波等离子体发射光谱仪,针对地质矿石类样品进行了多种主量和微量元素的快速分析,验证了方法的检出限,准确度以及相关一致性。结果表明,采用Agilent 4100 MP-AES分析一系列地质样品效果良好,与传统原子吸收光谱法(AAS)相比,操作简便成本低,安全性更高,适合此类地质样品的分析。     

X-射线荧光光谱分析中偏最小二乘回归技术与基本参数法的研究

将偏最小二乘回归技术(PLS)与X-射线荧光分析中的基本参数法(FP)相结合,编制PLSFP软件,运用熔样技术,可以定量测定地质岩石样品中的十三个主,次量元素,并使准确度提高,模型预测能力增强。模型选择和最佳维数的确定方法是成功的关键。PLSFP软件采用结构化编程,由标准FORTRAN 77语言写成,可在UNIX,XENIX和DOS操作系统下运行。     

四酸消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定磷矿石中的8种微量重金属元素

本文研究提出了一种混合四酸（硝酸－氢氟酸－高氯酸－硫酸）分解体系,解决了传统四酸（盐酸-硝酸－氢氟酸－高氯酸）或三酸（硝酸－氢氟酸－高氯酸）溶矿耗酸量大、部分元素溶解不完全等缺点。建立了四酸敞口分解-电感耦合等离子质谱法同时测定磷矿样品中钨、钼、铊、镉、铋、铀、钍、铬等8种微量元素的方法,结果和经典碱溶法比对,准确度满意。讨论了分解方法对易挥发元素、难溶元素的影响,选取了合适的分析同位素及采用干扰校正方程以消除质谱干扰,利用103Rh和186Re为内标元素,有效校正了分析信号的动态漂移,方法的检出限为0.010～0.35μg /g、精密度均小于6%、加标回收率在93.4%～108%间。在不增加分析成本的情况下,一份溶液还可以同时用于ICP-OES及ICP-MS法测定其它主量及微量元素,方法简单、快捷、实用,适合推广应用。     

流动注射—冷蒸气原子吸收法测定垃圾样品中泵

研究了反应介质浓度及其流速，反应管道长度，共存元素等对使用ＬＺ－１２００型流动注射氢化物发生器和ＷＦＸ－１０型原子有收分光光度计测定垃圾样品中汞的影响。方法准确度，精密均匀好，且操作简单，试剂用量少，分析速度快。经实验应用，结果满意。     

苯基荧光酮—TritonX—100析相光度—主成分回归法测定痕量铁,铝,铜

本文研究了铁、铝、铜在苯基荧光酮（ＰＦ（－Ｔｒｉｔｏｎ－Ｘ－１００体系中的析相显色反应特性及适宜条件，提出了用主成分回归法处理络合物吸收光谱严重迭的干扰作用，同时测定人发中的铁、铝、铜的方法，还讨论了ＰＣＲ法中各参数取值对未知样品预测结果准确度的影响。     

ICP-AES法测定高合金钢中主合金元素含量

利用全谱直读ICP－AES（CID检测器）分析技术，通过对试样溶解方法，元素分析谱线和背景校正扣除，仪器分析参数等因素进行了试验研究，综合确定了最佳试验条件，并采用元素多谱线平均值法对高合金钢中主合金元素进行了光谱分析。结果表明，方法测定高合金钢中主合金元素的准确度和精密度符合国家标准中允许误差的要求，可用于日常材质的检验。     

封闭压力酸溶-ICP-MS法分析地质样品中47个元素的评价

对封闭压力酸溶－ICP－MS法同时测定地质样品中47个元素的效果和适用范围进行了实测评价。并对溶样条件进行了优化。实验结果表明，HF－HNO3高温高压酸溶是一种有效的样品分解方法，在所测定的47个元素中，大部分元素如Li,Be,Ti,V,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Zr,Nb,Mo,Cd,In,Sn,Sb,Hf,Ta,W,Tl,Pb,Bi等在大多数标样中在三种取样量下都可以得到满意的回收率。而Sc,Cr,Ga,Y,REE,Rb,Cs,Sr,Ba,Th,U等元素在大部分样品中则随取样量减少，回收率上升，在一些样品中，当取样量降至25mg时，可以获得满意的回收率。用王水代替HNO3复溶残渣，利用氯离子的络合作用促进复溶，使许多元素的回收率有了明显的提高。     

阳离子交换树脂分离-偏最小二乘光度法测定地质样品中的金、铂、钯、铑

本文采用阳离子交换树脂分离地质样品中的贱金属元素，利用偏最小二乘回归光度法在Mn＋－SnCl2－丁基罗丹明B－阿拉伯胶－乳化剂OP高灵敏的离子缔合物体系中对金、铂、钯、铑同时进行测定。结果表明，该方法灵敏度高，操作简便，可同时测定地质样品中痕量贵金属元素金、铂、钯、铑，其标准回入回收率为92．4％～107％。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.