超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速同步测定人血中35种毒（药）物及主要代谢产物

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）快速测定人血中常见35种毒（药）物及主要代谢产物的方法。取1 mL血液样品,加入5颗研磨珠、40 mg（NH₄）₂SO₄、1.5 mL乙腈进行提取,涡旋振荡60 s,静置60 s,冷冻离心后取上清液体过0.22μm有机滤膜后进行分析。结果表明,目标化合物在10～1000 ng/mL质量浓度范围呈良好的线性关系（R²为0.9921～0.9998）,检出限（S/N≥3）为0.05～2.00 ng/mL,目标毒（药）物定量限（S/N≥10）为20 ng/mL占比为17%,其余目标毒（药）物定量限均为10 ng/mL。在20,50和100 ng/mL加标浓度水平下,目标化合物回收率为71.5%～119.8%,日内相对标准偏差（Intra-RSD）为1.1%～13.8%。在50 ng/mL加标水平下,日间相对标准偏差（Inter-RSD）为2.6%～13.4%。该方法适用于血液中毒（药）物及代谢产物的快速分析测定。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水和沉积物中磺胺类、喹诺酮类和氯霉素类抗生素残留

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定水及沉积物中磺胺类、喹诺酮类和氯霉素类抗生素残留。水样前处理采用固相萃取,沉积物样品前处理采用加速溶剂萃取。该方法在9min内可完成目标化合物的UPLC-MS/MS分离分析。对于水和沉积物,20种目标化合物的检出限(S/N≥3)分别介于0.01~0.50ng/L和0.005~0.2μg/kg之间,在各自考察的浓度范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.995)。采用该方法测定了苏州地区地表水,共检出10种抗生素,浓度范围为0.79~240ng/L;测定底泥样品,共检出11种抗生素,浓度范围为0.37~27.0μg/kg。     

Simple-QuEChERS Nano结合GC-MS/MS同时检测全血中的97种农药

建立了Simple-QuEChERS Nano结合气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)同时检测血液中97种农药的方法,并对基质条件、提取溶剂以及净化材料进行了优化。0.5 mL血液样品经3倍水稀释混匀,使用2.0 mL乙酸乙酯提取后振荡、离心,过Simple-QuEChERS Nano净化柱及0.22μm有机微孔滤膜后,采用多反应监测模式(MRM)进行分析。结果显示,97种农药在一定质量浓度范围内线性关系良好(r2≥0.9873),除丙烯菊酯(检出限和定量下限分别为11.03、36.76 ng/mL)外,其余农药的检出限为0.06~4.27 ng/mL,定量下限为0.18~14.24 ng/mL。采用空白全血进行加标回收实验,97种农药在100、200、400 ng/mL 3个加标水平下的回收率为32.2%~120%,日内精密度为1.9%~11%,日间精密度为3.6%~13%。该方法由传统QuEChERS方法改进,绿色环保、操作简单、快速高效,可用于血液中多种农药的同时检测,用于实际案件血液样品中农药的筛查与定性定量检验,获得了良好的结果。     

亚临界水萃取及气相色谱-串联质谱法检测红茶中多种农药残留

建立了亚临界水萃取及气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)检测红茶中21种有机氯和拟除虫菊酯农药残留的方法。在萃取压力为5 MPa条件下,样品经150 ℃的亚临界水提取15 min后,将目标物转移至丙酮-正己烷(1:1, v/v)中,经ENVI-Carb固相萃取净化小柱净化,DB-5毛细管气相色谱柱分离,在多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行MS/MS检测,基质匹配溶液内标法定量。各目标物在5.0～320.0 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99,其定量限(信噪比(S/N)＞10)为50 ng/g,检出限(S/N＞3)为10 ng/g。茶叶基质中添加50、100和200 ng/g的标准品时,21种农药的回收率为70.18%～119.98%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为5.01%～11.76%。该方法的灵敏度、准确度和精密度均符合农药残留测定的技术要求,适用于红茶中有机氯和拟除虫菊酯农药残留的检测。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时检测血液中29种农药

本文采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)和固相萃取法(SPE)建立了血液中29种农药同时筛查、定性、定量分析的方法,血液经4%磷酸水溶液稀释后,震荡10min,以8000r·min-1转速离心10min,取上清液过3mL甲醇和3mL水活化好的Oasis Prime HLB(3cc,60mg)固相萃取小柱,使用3mL5%甲醇水淋洗,3mL乙腈甲醇混合溶剂(90:10)洗脱,接收洗脱液后在40℃条件下氮吹仪吹干,使用0.5mL初始流动相复溶,震荡10s后,过0.22μm水膜,装液质小瓶后进样分析。采用ACQUITY UPLC HSS C18色谱柱(150 mm×2.1mm,1.8μm)分离,流动相为0.1%甲酸乙腈-水/甲酸/甲酸铵(5mmol,pH=3),梯度洗脱,电喷雾电离正离子模式(ESI+),多反应选择离子监测模式(MRM)检测。29种农药的检出限为0.1 ng·mL^-1~5 ng·mL^-1,定量限为0.5 ng·mL^-1~10 ng·mL^-1,回收率为62.4%~97.4%,基质效应为82.8%~109%,相对标准偏差小于10.3%,相关系数均大于0.99,线性关系良好范围为10 ng·mL^-1~1000ng·mL^-1。本文方法灵敏度高,可以对血液中29种农药成分进行筛查、定性、定量分析,能够满足实际血液样品中农药成分检测的需求。     

超高效液相色谱－四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱测定血液和肝脏中12种拟除虫菊酯类农药

建立了超高效液相色谱－四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱（UPLC－QE－Orbitrap HRMS）测定血液和肝脏中12种拟除虫菊酯类农药的分析方法。血液和肝脏样品经乙腈沉淀蛋白后,采用Hypersil GOLD VANQUISH色谱柱（1.9 μm,2.1 mm × 100 mm）,以5 mmol/L 乙酸铵溶液（含0.1%甲酸）和甲醇作为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离,采用全扫描及自动触发二级质谱（Full MS/dd－MS2）进行检测。结果显示：12种拟除虫菊酯类农药在各自线性范围内线性良好（r2 ≥ 0.990 4）,血液和肝脏中的检出限分别为1 ~ 18 ng/mL和1 ~ 18 ng/g,定量下限分别为2 ~ 20 ng/mL和2 ~ 20 ng/g,基质效应为82.3% ~ 117%,回收率为74.1% ~ 120%,日内精密度（Intra-RSD）≤ 11%,日间精密度（Inter-RSD）≤ 12%。该方法满足公安机关办理实际案件要求,适用于血液和肝脏样本中拟除虫菊酯类农药的检验鉴定。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定葡萄干中27种农药残留

建立了同时快速检测葡萄干中氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂、三唑类杀菌剂及其他杀菌剂、杀虫剂等27种农药的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)。样品采用0.1%冰乙酸-乙腈溶液直接提取,QuEChERS方法净化,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式电离,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,基质匹配曲线外标法定量。结果表明:27种农药在5～100μg/kg的浓度范围内线性良好(r≥0.993),在10、20、50μg/kg加标水平下,27种农药的平均回收率分别为60%～97%、62%～97%和64%～99%;相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为3.0%～13.0%、1.6%～9.6%和3.3%～9.6%,方法的定量下限(信噪比S/N≥10)为10μg/kg。该方法简便、快速、灵敏、准确,适于葡萄干中多种农残的确证和定量测定。     

QuEChERS-气相色谱-串联质谱法测定葡萄干中的80种农药残留

建立了QuEChERS前处理,结合气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)法测定葡萄干中80种农药残留的分析方法。样品以1%的乙酸乙腈-NaAc提取,经乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷(PSA)和聚苯乙烯/二乙烯苯(PEP)吸附剂净化,采用气相色谱-串联质谱法,以多反应监测(MRM)模式进行检测,基质匹配外标法定量。结果表明,80种农药在各自线性范围内相关系数均大于0.991;以信噪比(S/N≥3)确定方法的检出限(LOD),其范围为0.2～6.2μg/kg;以S/N≥10确定方法的定量限(LOQ),其范围为0.6～20.5μg/kg。3个加标水平(20、50、100μg/kg)下,80种农药的回收率在62.5%～116.6%之间,相对标准偏差为3.3%～15.4%。该方法的准确度高,精密度好,通用性强。     

QuEChERS/GC-MS/MS测定人参中41种农药残留

建立了QuEChERS结合气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)测定人参中41种农药残留的分析方法,采用选择反应监测(SRM)模式,外标法定量,并考察了Original、Acetate和Citrate 3种QuEChERS前处理方法对人参基质中目标农药的提取效率和净化效果。结果表明,采用Original QuEChERS前处理方法时,41种农药在一定浓度范围内的线性良好,相关系数(r)大于0.995,方法的检出限(LOD,S/N=3)为2.0～6.0μg/kg,定量下限(LOQ,S/N=10)为5.0～20.0μg/kg。在10、20、100、200μg/kg 4个加标水平下的回收率为86.7%～115%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于15%。该方法样品前处理简单、高效、准确、灵敏,适用于人参中多农药残留的筛选与测定。     

QuEChERS结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检验腐败血中4-甲基甲卡西酮和甲卡西酮

建立了腐败血中4-甲基甲卡西酮和甲卡西酮的超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。腐败血样品经乙腈水混合溶液(乙腈:水=4:1,V/V)提取,无水MgSO_4脱水和C_(18)吸附剂净化。选用Waters BEH C_(18)色谱柱分离,0.1%甲酸-水(5 mmol/L乙酸铵)和乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾电离,正离子(ESI~+)模式扫描,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测。4-甲基甲卡西酮和甲卡西酮在0.5～100 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好(R~2≧0.9993),检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.01 ng/mL(4-甲基甲卡西酮)和0.03 ng/mL(甲卡西酮),定量限(S/N=10)分别为0.1 ng/mL(4-甲基甲卡西酮)和0.5 ng/mL(甲卡西酮)。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.