高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱法筛查大豆中残留的多种除草剂和杀虫剂

应用高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱建立了筛查大豆中77种除草剂和杀虫剂残留的新方法。在不同添加浓度下获得了精确的分子离子质量,质量偏差的绝对值低于3×10-6。所有除草剂和杀虫剂在0.03～1.00 mg/kg范围内线性关系良好（r≥0.99）。除一些除草剂外,多数除草剂和杀虫剂的添加回收率为60%～120%,在大豆基质中的检测限为0.003～0.026 mg/kg。该方法适合于大豆中多种除草剂和杀虫剂残留的分析检测需要,方法简便、高效、准确。     

柱串联HPLC法测定塑料制品中的16种邻苯二甲酸酯

建立了用柱串联高效液相色谱系统同时检测塑料制品中16种邻苯二甲酸酯的方法。研究了流动相、梯度洗脱程序、色谱柱种类、前处理等条件对16种目标物分离的影响。在优化条件下,塑料制品经超声提取,氮吹浓缩后,用二极管阵列检测器进行检测,目标物在1～100 mg/L的浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数在0.9962～0.9999。16种邻苯二甲酸酯中DIDP的检测限为1.0 mg/kg,其余物质为0.08 mg/kg。3种不同添加水平,6次平行实验平均回收率为90%～130%,方法的精密度为0.59%～6.9%。适用于塑料制品中16种邻苯二甲酸酯的同时检测。     

高效液相色谱法检测多种食品基体中残留的喹氧灵

建立了采用液相色谱检测大豆、花椰菜、樱桃、木耳、葡萄酒、茶叶、蜂蜜、猪肝、鸡肉、鳗鱼等多种食品基体中喹氧灵残留的方法。利用乙酸乙酯提取样品中残留的喹氧灵,用氨基固相萃取小柱净化;对于脂肪含量较高的样品,在进行固相萃取前采用凝胶渗透色谱净化技术去脂。方法的准确度与精密度较好,在添加浓度为0.010～5.0 mg/kg时,平均回收率及相对标准偏差分别为82%～96%及3.2%～11.8%;在0.050～50.0 mg/L范围内有良好的线性关系,检测限达0.010 mg/kg。该方法适用性广,能消除复杂基质带来的干扰,可用于各类食品中喹氧灵残留的分析。     

离子交换色谱-荧光检测法测定化妆品中苯海拉明及串联质谱确证

建立了化妆品中苯海拉明的离子交换色谱-荧光检测方法及液相色谱-串联质谱确证方法。样品用含0.2%甲酸的乙腈提取,定量检测时以乙腈-0.05 mol/L KH2PO4溶液(7+3,V/V)为流动相,强阳离子交换色谱柱(250×4.6 mm,5μm)分离,荧光检测激发波长258 nm,发射波长288 nm,外标法定量,苯海拉明检出限为1.5 mg/kg,在0.2~20 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9999,方法的回收率在87.6%~106.3%范围内,相对标准偏差低于6.3%。质谱确证时用BEH C18色谱柱分离,乙腈-0.2%甲酸系统梯度洗脱,采用质谱碎片和相对离子丰度进行定性确认。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定婴幼儿米粉中烟酸和烟酰胺

建立了以EDTA-NaCl混合溶液为提取液,使用亲水亲脂平衡(HLB)固相萃取柱净化,以甲酸铵(pH 4.5)为流动相,Atlantis T3色谱柱上梯度洗脱分离,在261 nm检测紫外吸收的液相色谱方法。方法的线性范围为0.3～30.0 mg/L,检测限为0.3 mg/kg,定量限为1.0 mg/kg,回收率在93.3%～102.5%范围内。方法可应用于各种婴幼儿米粉中烟酸与烟酰胺的测定。     

柱前衍生-高效液相色谱法测定蔬菜中甲醛含量

建立了蔬菜中甲醛含量的高效液相色谱分析方法。样品用水提取、2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生及二氯甲烷萃取、浓缩后,采用Waters Sunfire C18色谱柱(250×4.6 mm,5μm)分离,流动相为乙腈-水(1∶1,V/V),在355nm波长处紫外检测。甲醛在0.1~2.0μg/mL浓度范围内呈线性关系,相关系数0.9989,方法检出限为1.0 mg/kg,在2~10mg/kg添加浓度范围内,甲醛平均回收率为78.1%~114.2%,相对标准偏差在0.8%~9.5%之间。     

高效液相色谱法快速测定小麦粉及其添加剂中三聚硫氰酸三钠盐

建立了小麦粉及其添加剂中非食用物质三聚硫氰酸三钠盐(TMT)的高效液相色谱检测方法。优化了缓冲盐提取体系对TMT的提取,比较了不同色谱条件对TMT及杂质的分离效果。样品中TMT用乙腈-甲酸铵缓冲溶液体系提取,以甲醇-酸化乙酸铵为流动相梯度洗脱,Atlantis T3色谱柱进行分离,二极管阵列检测器检测,外标法定量。结果显示,TMT质量浓度在0.05～10.0μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(R~2=0.9997)。方法检出限为0.3 mg/kg,定量限为1.0 mg/kg,加标回收率在90.3%～105.1%之间,相对标准偏差均小于5.1%。通过控制提取条件和色谱分离条件实现了总TMT的测定,克服了酶式面粉处理剂易胶化问题。方法适用于小麦粉及其添加剂中总TMT的快速定性、定量分析。     

高效液相色谱法测定柑橘和土壤中残留的多菌灵

建立了柑橘和土壤中多菌灵残留量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析方法。柑橘果肉、果皮、全果和土壤样品中残留的多菌灵用碱性乙腈溶液提取,经NH2固相萃取(SPE)柱净化,HPLC分离,紫外检测器检测,外标法定量。在0.02～5.0 mg/L范围内,多菌灵的峰面积与其质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9997。柑橘果肉、果皮、全果和土壤中添加0.05～0.5 mg/kg多菌灵标准品的平均回收率为89.2%～102%,相对标准偏差为1.8%～9.1%;柑橘果肉和土壤中多菌灵的最低检测浓度为0.05 mg/kg,柑橘果皮和全果中多菌灵的最低检测浓度为0.1 mg/kg。该方法的灵敏度、准确度和精密度均符合农药残留测定的技术要求。     

应用SPE柱净化HPLC/UV法测定乳制品及其原料中的硫氰酸盐

采用SPE柱净化、高效液相反相离子对色谱分离、紫外检测器(HPLC/UV)测定乳制品及其原料中的硫氰酸盐。试样经乙酸沉淀蛋白、Oasis WAX SPE柱净化和浓缩,以甲醇和磷酸盐缓冲液加离子对试剂为流动相,经Symmetry C18色谱柱分离,在231 nm波长处进行检测,外标法定量。结果表明,硫氰酸盐浓度在0.2～50 mg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数大于0.999,方法检出限为0.05 mg/kg,定量下限为0.15 mg/kg,在加标量为1、5、25 mg/kg时的回收率为77%～104%。该方法重现性好、检测时间短,灵敏度高,为乳制品及其原料中硫氰酸盐的定量检测提供了较为理想的方法。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食用菌中的尼古丁

建立了食用菌中尼古丁残留检测的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法.样品经水超声波提取,然后用Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm)分离,以0.1%乙酸:乙腈=50:50为流动相进行洗脱,流速0.4 mL/min,采用电喷雾质谱正离子模式电离,检测离子对为m/z 163.2/130.1,外标法定量.尼古丁在0.0001～0.050mg/L的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)为0.9999:检出限为0.001mg/kg,回收率为97.2%～98.5%,相对标准偏差<2.0%.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.