氨基膦酸及其酯的合成

综述了α－氨基膦酸及其酯的合成方法,介绍了近年来发展的不对称合成法,并对各种方法的优劣作了评述。     

光学活性α-羟基膦酸(酯)合成研究进展

α-羟基膦酸及其酯具有广泛的生物活性,详细介绍了使用手性辅助基团诱导和手性催化剂催化等方法合成光学活性α-羟基膦酸(酯)的研究进展.     

N-芳基-异丙胺甲酰基膦酰胺甲酯的研究

Ｎ－芳基－异丙胺甲酰基膦酰胺甲酯的研究陈茹玉,李慧英,任康太（南开大学元素有机化学研究所,天津,３０００７１）关键词膦酰胺,氨基甲酰基膦酸酯,氢键Ｎ,Ｎ－二烷基－氨基甲酰基膦酰胺酯类化合物具有调节植物生长的活性［１］,Ｎ,Ｎ－二烷基－氨基甲酰基膦酸二...     

新型光学活性α-氨基膦酸及其酯合成进展

α-氨基膦酸酯是一类很重要的天然氨基酸类似物,具有新颖的化学结构和多种生理活性.综述了近年来光学活性α-氨基膦酸及酯的合成进展.     

顺[1-溴-2-羟基-2-(对-甲氧基苯基)乙基]膦酸二异丙酯的羟基反应性能的研究

研究了顺[1-溴-2-羟基-2-(对-甲氧基苯基)乙基]膦酸二异丙酯羟基的反应性能。由于膦酸酯基和电负性的溴原子的吸电子作用,羟基氧原子周围的电子云密度降低．从而增强了羟基上质子的酸性并减弱了碱性条件下相应的烷氧基负离子的亲核能力,因而得到了有关羟基与酚进行Mitsunobu脱水反应和酯化反应的特殊反应性能。同时,由于氢键的作用和膦酸酯基团的空问障碍作用,羟基与酰氯的反应活性较低。     

光学活性α-氨基膦酸及其酯的不对称合成

综述了近年来光学活性α－氨基膦酸及其酯的各种不对称合成方法,包括化学计量不对称合成和催化不对称合成。重点介绍了近年发展起来的催化不对称合成方法,并且对各种合成方法的优劣进行了评述。     

2-氨基取代噻唑基膦酸脂的合成

本文报导一系列2-氨基-5-取代-4-噻唑基膦酸酯和2-氨基-4-取代-5-噻唑基膦酸酯的合成. 这类化合物显示了一定的杀菌活性.     

2-氨基取代噻唑基膦酸脂的合成

本文报导一系列2-氨基-5-取代-4-噻唑基膦酸酯和2-氨基-4-取代-5-噻唑基膦酸酯的合成. 这类化合物显示了一定的杀菌活性.     

吗啉(哌嗪或六氢吡啶)取代的α-乙酰氨基膦酸二苯酯的研究

α-氨基膦酸二苯酯与氯乙酰氯反应得到α-氯乙酰氨基膦酸二苯酯,后者与吗啉、哌嗪或哌啶反应合成了饱和杂环取代的膦二肽.化合物的结构经元素分析和1HNMR证实.生物活性测试结果表明该类化合物对油菜具有一定的抑制作用.     

具有除草活性的α-氧代膦酸衍生物研究进展

简要的总结了十三个系列的α-氧代膦酸衍生物的合成和生物活性的研究进展。为了获得具有较高除草活性及商品化潜力的新型膦酸脂,尝试采用生物合理设计的方法设计新型的丙酮酸脱氢酶系抑制剂,通过在合成、生物测定、机理及生物化学研究的基础上进行构效关系及结构优化的研究,发现α-(取代苯氧乙酰氧基)烃基膦酸酯为一类兼具有良好除草活性和植调活性的先导母体,研究证明该类化合物为丙酮酸脱氢酶系的强抑制剂。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).